inlomlrtion to subsLlntirtecitlrcr assumplion.Pcrhrps non-manufacturin8 businessesth:rt rcquirc a collegcdegrced sorMorcc no\\' account for in jncrcNint mxjorin oftbc srric's jobs Cfhc arFumenl s inforn)ation suAgcsrs(bis miShr bc thc c:rsc.)lf so, rhcn thc mcrc f:rct !h:r onc emplovsr dbclr r]rc strrc s |rr8cs busincss,is losin8 busincsswhilc Is q'orkforcc nearsrerircmcnt ,rge proves almost nothing about thc prospecE for rhc stxte's ovcrall econom)', ln a tull-lcngtb (SGminutc) essr), vou nnght also addrcssthe followjnS gucst'ons about tlrc Argument s rcasonins: Does thc tcrm "larSes!privarc business"neccssarilvmean that Giant €mplo,vsmorc workers rhan any orhcr busincssin thc statc? CThesrnalierthe vorldorcc it ciant, thc less likcl)'that Giant is reprcscntativeof th€ stxt€'semployers3s a group.) Docsn't thc prcdicdon s accuracJ'rcquirc th^r otfler future conditlors rem?in unchanged?(L.8., thc argumcrt ignorcs a possiblc iJl0ux of worke.s f;om othc! srares.) Would a rcduccd workJorceoeceisarilyresulr in businessfallu(c? (Pcrhaps busincsseswill be more profiBble by td-rnmjrg rhcir workforcc.) - \vhlt is thc dqftritor of 'qudity of life"? CIhc ar8umcnt s ultimatc prcdjcion dcp€nG on thjs mjssinSdcfinition.) I0 Anusrs This Argument driws an i.nJcrenccabout a single confnuniq (Clxybrook) bercd on char'acrcrisrics of a 8rcup (the nation s cornmuritics as a wholc) Herc's a responsethat hindles t}lc infcr€nce: ' - The argument dependi panly on thc assurnptioDthat future employment ficnds jn Claybrook's job market will rcflect nations,ide trends However rhe a4:rimcnt fails ro considcr rhat Chybrook rnght bc atypical PcrhapsClaybrook's,ob 62rkct w l buck the trcod (for one reason or anothcr), and *rc dcD.and fo! lcgal ?6sistana5from CCC's leg2l-zssistanrprogiaE vill remain 5Eon8 compared ro dcmand for nurscs from thc school's nursiog progJ"nr lf so, rhcn the citcd sEtistjcJ would ponerd nothiiS about the fururc cmplo)'Ecnt prospcct for SFaduatcof ci&cr profram at CCC or about wbcthcr dc propos€d course of acuon would bc prudcnt h a n -lcn8th (3o-minutc) cssat,yolr miSrt also xddre'ssthe folloE ng qu€sLionsabou thc Arglsent's riasoning: '' uut.Pet^ot '.cod Do srarisricsfrom only onc ycar constiirte s lficient d4ta fot proving a clcar Lrcnd?(Pcrh"ps l.r5rycar was rn exccption to a contrarv trend, or pcrhaps rhefc is no trend 31 31.) Pctasons s v,ntinq Shllh lottbe GRE/GLUT Test' I f ,t 'z.Drros!.Dd ,'tnw E s,ral JvAtrIn aqt rot slt'tt.adultuat I t uost I ',rrunt rlqrDssjol iqt ur ll)slr isli^)l lou tsr;)ltr ro rnuouo:) Ij'a )lrlnto^ ).rylJ ur :ur1))F lui!n) :qt :"qr.r,un ,,,ur1rn3r,, "* rtrlrlqold rlt srlpurq )[q] )suodsrr I s J)H ]Jtunt )q) otrn urrur.J ll^r s.Juutsrxntrlr) tuelnr ttrp s:runsft tu Unilry s[Ll priuxqlun srs,(lvN' (.r^r)r{J sI: lsnt q ]Ll8ttU.spoo6lo s.lxs rllsrlljoD uo stxxl SJIDS 3ulrnpaj sE qJns.sut,uj r)qlo) ispoo8 uBrrJoJuo LJuapuadep s.Atunor aql alnp:r ot rJpro u,!/Crlssarau sr!,.ra ary ( sarraor u8raroj uo Luepu)dep s,lnimoJ r lnoq[ 8u_rgrl!ft:^ord ],uop szoo8pf,uodxs pruoilu4 Jo Jo rnp^ rqr rnoqr srtrslrtt)S)ilrDorq oo, uo.rrlprrd s,tu:urn8rr,$ st ( spoof L€trroJ uo tu.pu.drp u?rq szq lIUnoJ lrll teqt uorlcJtdui! aq1 arrv5l dpq pJno^ saps raserrrop Jo sJool uodun r4 assJjJrn tuatrrJ r 8?) uBraJoJuo Luap ZspooS -urdap ruc.lnf, to rnd x ^\orls or sJgFs,uolr] sJxtoluodxe oC ( suodxr Jo ,nJE^ TEtol 5qr Jo sulat rn llnsnun a.rra sJ!5l oat rp Jo qloq ro ouo sdEqr.a) Zspoo8L€reroJuo Lruapuodf,D \: aoqs oJ tttttl' JuatJ[lns r)runsuo] srsJl o,u lpo uo.:1 sJ[]ot oO :Bu,ruostl s.tu UnBJV aql lnoq, suopsanb Etn^rolloJ.qr ssarppxosF t(J!u'l nol lrssf, (e]nurlu{e) qr8uel_tlry, ul 'spoo8 u8l oJ uo buf,pu5dtD s,Atuno) frF aJnper or J)pro rn tEssetrrrrun guti prsodo:d ,rp rrpua, :q8r-_p,ros prr 'Jlljouorr 'IIJIIllod-nururdop^3p amrrg tqrssod Jo p?lrlu_l ! )uo ,{ux rxqr pu[ lsrq Jo ]! snolqnp sl uolldu.tnss!slqt rvqt aul rJ^:aoH tmrrv sllrl 5su)s uouruot rlqxcasuoJ r$ q pcSueqJun rqtl!3r na rprrr !)IJelEq s.Arsnor Jo In funnur.r)p (slTrr.! $p!')q) s.roDtrJJcrllo tE tuqt uolrdunssc lqt uo srJlf,r ru?ujnjrr cql :rllslqotd rrlt s)lpr'|]q rrqt asuodsf,J.:lrnJhs r s.u5H olruru oqr olrn pfsrDrjJun nBur.J m,{ srJuEsrunJIJ tu!!n_J Jxrl].$lxnsss luaumsJy slur srslvNb/ l I ( suoarJurv EInrJnu ,{uEr! rlo,osqo Jepual Jn^! srJ8olourlJrr ,!tau sdsurad TcuoD,rperr ''3 3) isrsnu ro stux)slssrtrSJI loJ spuu qol pf,DrDf,ld art u tlrsar ,iluEss.r:u i:rp pllio_\ '5nul1uor spuan prEmssc rp J.trD.\3 suou''all ul r,.,'rur pr,{,rurrlrxdsrq'ru,lrr:HJff;:5:; -iiiii-rmlm Elrx'3.O iaJin{a(ft u paSuteutt Swunltutat sttolnpuot rr./Jo lrrrlta uo pu)drp spurJl petrmssr 3ql Jo uolrEnu|ruoJ.r sroo AVSS3lNll^Jn9UV 9NtUO3S-H9IH V 31iU/!\Ol MOH Ilo\vcvcr thc ir8rn)enr tiils r() xccounr Ior possibtr fururc dcvclof)' mcnls rhat mighr prove rhis assumptioncrroneous, For examplc, thc count] mjghr expcrjcncc rn ialfllx ofrclv residenrs,or irs residents, Niliiflgness to rcclcle mighr Nxnc In cilhcr crsc, thc volunlc ot refirse is likel) ro incrclsc nnd tbc p.oposcd cou.sc of:rction mi8ht rcsulr in a shorl-rgcof rcsourcesfor h:rndlinF rcflse To bolstcr rhe rccornmencli(ion,thc argumcnasproponenr sboutd provide berler evidcncc, perhaps in thc form of popuiarion projections and counq" rcsidcnt surwcys.rh,rr rhc volume of refuse in Blackbum cousq wil not increasein the foreseexblefuturc Irr a fuU-lenAth(SGminure)essn),vou mjghr also addressrhc foltowing questionsaboul rle rgumrni s rcrsorunt A tbrcslrolA iss.ue-_ Is rherc a rccycling problcm to bcgin wirh rhat rhc county nceds to address?Cfbe irgumeni proyidcs no evidcncc tlutt cufienr m€rns arc less dran adequxte for current as well as ,1re$c proposed subsidiesnece$a!, !o ensure tlat rhe couflry can 'handlc a conrinued incrci.scin rhc volumc of recyctabtEs? (pcrhaps businessesr?ould nor requjre subsidiesto provide nc€ded service, or pcrhips the county irsef conld provide rhe scricc.) Yl w,lttn! SktUstor tbe GRE/GMAT Tesls GP,T unr'tu! )yrLal nrrrl l- t ,t z l *n" f r,,rr.; r,, rof'""!JU?3 '))rllf,rurs.r:Pr5r:qt o) Dxrrsurlr:rd.l\ Jrpr:)r.Llt rrr(rt)suods -)r ltuoD('ru: Jo IfJll$^ n trrll ot tdu t ut'o i:irnir_uxltlslxq ro rrl,rnrr rrnsn ,{q uou,.nu rnu,, ,""" {ru.ro.uo,xluurrrrur ,"" ,"n,',;; I;i,i:,ll;:l,l ;,T^l':il] , rorsrrruqr si)rrll.rv,{Dro3)ef,q,ror,",-",]iHlllr"lilji::j s.tr Jl:uortf,sJr^UoJ Sr SSOIJX S' rnoq3no:qr :uor *guil;,;.;;; ;il:JT;iliJr:'J:: il:i#:l rtton oNV tNOl lltrdlno URO s!:un, *irTi,T,';I'ij:?:: ift#SiH:T lrrorrmr'lorrs ,so.rd J^nJcro B'Fu^\ j::j:ilj: " .;*; ,;i;.* #;; ::, ^ ,uoo srnof, ,."oo ! lon r,no,{ 1rLuo^r "u, o," .rr,;" ;:il;; Jo (rjsff8rrJurrFra prxpL,rrs.ro $u.uDnnb cql ol JwuuojruoJ).3!m pL.r sJFrqJlr, ,lxutu']lJf ul lJelo) ro lpro^iuxqrrrrrrulr:rp pw ^roJro) o',*r, r.or* r,li"tl"ol,,j , ll:u 8'nu,uuruon.Jnslqdos p.,xALrruD'r JtDrlsuour'o, ," nrailt pln: rs:larul pp[ or) ajru]njrs prJ[ rFEu., arur,u., - pap",, (llr^!D5JJr srrtrcp r!f,uolorlr 34sn) 5llls q e^rsrnsr.al r^:ls,.sd:.: uo9 ro gJoerorsr J:rlsrno, r".r .l'.,rll i"lr",#r? no^ r$oq Jolor s8ap! Jnol Jo ssslpjs8sr : ,r.^ JsodslDrd I prx"o'o) r'p'5r tqr ma sunu,no -"a ,Jilt,il^ol rlum).o;.'".pr ','o.r yor-pu",",,p, I.X;:XJi:,il#',:i tr: _ nol l&r rrn Jl ngat." lrn p.aprri rors Bu!u/X\ _"1F"";;;;; j::jl:##rlI x;rmrulltr::bi:'j JO J:rpEr crF !Jn.n[lt4 l,uo,d sJolJSJ I S)IN\rH)iIru (INV flI-ts 9NTJIU/K- t t,rnd vhcn ir comcl ro )'our mrjn Points, a vcn dircct, even forccful voicc is pcrfcctl) 3cccpl-]ble.But don\ overdo it; whcn it comcs ro rhc demils,us< r nrore disPassionatcaPptoach _cutcs)-'or humorous Don\ tl ro nr:rkcI'our point with rem:uks.Avoid puns, double-mcanings,pb)s on wor.ls, 3nd other fornrs of humor Not lha! CRE and GI{AT readersdon't hxvc r seoscof hunrori it just tbxl drel leave it :rl Lhc door when rhe_\-go!o work for EfS Cfhrr senlcnce exhibits just thc son of'hun)or' -voushould:rvoidin ]'our essa)'s.) Srrcrsmrs cntrrclr inrplropri.lc for vour GREor G^IATcssa)5 Besides,lhe reader miShr not rcalizc thar you're bcing sarcasljc' in which cxseyour remrrk will onll servc ro contuse t})c rcadcr' DEVELOPINGA PERSUASIVEVIRITING STYLE ln Pans and 3, you leimcd how to develop Persursiveideas as $'cll 451 sEucrurc and scqucnce for your Paiagraphs lhar scrve to enhancc thcir pcrsuriveness To ensuren high ,^ndFical writing scorc, you should also dcvelop a pcrsu?5ivesryl€,\rsing rhetoricel deviceseffcctivcly FuucloualCmrconY RunonrurWonosANDPHRAsE5-BY llcre's a rcfcrcnce lisl of rhetorical vords and phrascs,categor?ed by tuncrion Somelis! itcms you encounlcred as underlined words and phrrscsrn th< c)iamtlcsthrouFhoutPrrls xnd I OLhcts.rc new hct€ 1o lcrm hos vou n)rElrrincorPoritethescxn.i oLhcrthetoncrl phnscs inlo -voursentcnces,read m.r cssa)'sjn Pans 5-8, his,hlit$ting rhetoricrl phiasesas you cncounter tlrem Revie$/them, thcn lq lo incorponte_ them into your pmctice essaysIo enhancc )'our Power of Pelsuaslon Use phrasessuch as thesc to subordinatean ,dea: ilthouah it miSht appcar that, at fits! Slanceit would seem/appear thar, adflittcdly Use phrascs such as these to argu€ for a position, thesis, or vic$?oint: pr-omotes,faciliutes, providcs a suong impetus, serveslo, dircctly, furtnc$ accomolshes, achievcs.dcmonslmies,sugScsts,indicatcs ;.,:.- Use phn:cs such a.sthes€ o ar€rrefor a soludon or direcnon bascd on public polic.v or some other normalive baJis a"'' ? i:'7" uldrnate goal,/objecdv€/pu.posc,ovcrridtnS,t imiry conccm subordin"te,subsumcd - fi;1"' !ruu.petetior&@n U 't' '" ' wttt'rg Sh Lsfol GF,E/G,UAT GRI ,to1 st.ert,rtl nt nt., r r t.tt loJ slt'{s nr PA stsal JYlll9/3 s.uott I lu.tltrtf,ls !n9sl 5lll iiLnronb)r.nol lou ro r:rq))rl^! J Uousrruro rrrrrt JruorDqt Jol s>l,rcur uour:onb osn ot ,rn< :B ,iruotrfrmrr u srsr4arrur.",]nsa-,,r,r;,t:i:il:';fit::1[ (rruous:r{) oldurE\: ' paquf,sJprml a^,I "ouauraJr.rx^p[, llJr5olourlJal Jo sprDi :qt jlo lJldur! furrulnj rurat,tuol aqr JaplsuoJ ot slrr.J Jr{Brds ,rll (du:{1,:rdF"r i s,.r.H.spro^! r'r roJ llrsor)ruaru'lrs anssr il ,JtJ'iilJ:ffi;'J dlsq ol 'splo,d JlrJro r!-sisrqdwa pruo:aq: :oJ slaurouqu, sE Jo cslrrs Jruon rr.)LFrr sproa m ol AruDoddo sqj roj )idot ,lxss5 snsstJno,{ q l)h!c l\Dtdol3Hd v sv lNoul 9N ;)i.roitqr no; dn )irtq ot srldrutxD Jolpur suosErJ nuDul^uoJ f,^yq nol lrq) JJns )q os.scapl Jno,{ ot 5luasqns ou lplnlosqt ppD latF 'sa^lrsuDql ,{[:pqnx q derl lng.srs!.rqd rsaq).sn ol Xslo s,tt uonEnDssr :nolnln! Ilqrprprm ll:u.pnxa irqt 44rurr'.,(lqDuonsf,nbun,ltTrrnEqduD,tlranrsod a)ndsrppFof, lpoqou lqnop ? rnoq']la ll'rlrgrp llrhlosq? ,trEtrp :srsaqdurJ roJ es5ql s[ rlJns $scrqd prrr] splonr Br4sn 14 FgaJxJ tr0 JIloDq,r 3uojrs uo Bsr,{l.r,{q srJpr {r.^\ Isru, ot l-Ir se4a tsct,{w1,1 lrdol:lHu,lrdwf oto srs^Frft JlLrU,ql q pJlprsuor sSuTrIrJfE.aloq^! )q1 uo ,a)rr?Jrq rro -rnouoprsod.uoJo sllr ".qr ryqrln''" or ,,jiT;'.t:::['f:"i srprdul'rD!,{ rualslssoJul $ rlsJldurol)r/f,louroldFlctqlr or slrxJ ol -4rr.rluo) suru sl!5J!p ,suEArtr 'sourErsprm lsur_6v s o,r tu,rodarl]! Jo uoPrsod E lsuTd? cnB'E ol 3saqt su rlJns $sljqd ,sn sJorSE:gntFE^rglsno),JpuualqoJd s){aEq -,{Erp molDs rsJno5 atldscp ,[rFs I lad ,ssalerllrn u la.rJAoq Jo :luod,{rl^ ro ,Aorqr 'uopKodoJd E r{lr,1a surf,lqord rno rglod ot ,sfqr sE qrns gas"rqd,sn s,{,oqs uolre lrsqo rrqlw ,a^!Dfdsr.d €eour Ero{ penrrln ufq^r -^lrsol) lrour pr,,$a!^ utrqa ,qprutrz ,,&IFcr sr qslfEsD qfnororlr loru r 'uonEqurDo/uo7rd$I Dsop uodn ,sFb^.J luqnDs rasop ilaaa,noq 'i i)\.)lrF1 : r u r o r l j A : r o^ a o m :\1'' ' ;'4:'q/I: 'uonr(odord ! r)junor rn ,rnqrr rrru)r or )s:tl) sr qrn sssErqdrsn SCINVHC3',J CNVlt _[SeN U,M Ustt'toPuNcrualoN FoRRHFToRtcAL EMpHAsrs ' Usc puncrujr!ion for rhcrorjc:llcmph:lsisrcn,sprnnglr hecdjnFthc follo$'in8pointsot rdvicc: Us( cnr dxshcs(l\'o h)phcns or onc hvphcr prrccdcd rnd follow€db! x spxcc)jn the middleof , scnrcnce-insrcadof conrm:rsor pircnthcses-t() scr off p:rfticuhrh impor.rnl parendretical materiil (jusr like in rhjs scntcncc).You can a.lsous€ an cm dash insr€adof x corlma before i concludin8 phmsc-ro hclp ser off and cmphxsizewhat follos,s (jusr like in rhis senrence).Bu! don't overusetlre drsb-or i( will losc irs punch (as in rhis pair8mPnr Usc exclamarjonpoinrs for emphasisve!) sp:rrirgl\ As in this pafagiaph, one per essa)'is ptenq'! Usc the quesrionmark ,ct spiringl) (once or rwrce pcr essa) is €nough) and or J'for posing rhcroricd quesrions.Clou'Il rerum ro thjs ropic a bit larcr.) NOTE:,lvoid using.UPPERCASE lartcE,.'rstcrtsks.,siglro4ffi sords "ou a empt'asizc.iiir6c t";oSa&cii.f,o';; dcviccs to 1li8 ::gct your poin( across,rcliJn3lcad 'oDyoul jchoice sf.vdrd5_'{.l,r ' and phrrres as well as your s&tmic,coosrrucridi Aso;;.ii." ooted in P]n I, tl1e tesijnBsysrc;'s w"ra ptoc.sso r, a