[...]... antidepressants Antipsychotic drugs and pregnancy – “classical” or atypical antipsychotics? Phenothiazines and thioxanthenes Butyrophenones Atypical antipsychotic drugs Other neuroleptic drugs Lithium and other mood-stabilizers/antimanic agents Barbiturates as sedative-hypnotic agents Benzodiazepines Zaleplon, zolpidem, and zopiclone Other anxiolytic drugs Chloral hydrate Other sedative-hypnotic drugs Psychoanaleptic... during pregnancy Counseling a pregnant woman about herbs General concepts regarding the use of herbs during pregnancy Herbs used as foods Essential oils that are safe during pregnancy Herbs frequently used during pregnancy Herbs controversially used during pregnancy Herbs contraindicated during pregnancy 485 486 488 489 489 490 491 491 Contents 2.20 Diagnostic agents xv 502 Elisabeth Robert-Gnansia... 4.3.11 4.3.12 4.3.13 Antacids H2-receptor blockers and other ulcer therapeutics Peristaltic stimulators Cholinergics Anticholinergic spasmolytics Laxatives Agents used for chronic inflammatory bowel diseases Antidiarrheals for acute diarrhea Carminatives Lipid reducers Chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid Appetite suppressants Antiemetics 4.4 Anti-infectives 648 649 650 651 652 652 653 654 654... 4.14.3 4.14.4 4.14.5 4.14.6 X-ray studies, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance Iodine-containing contrast media Radionuclides Magnetic resonance contrast agents Fluorescein Other diagnostics 4.15 Infections 779 780 781 782 783 784 786 Ruth Lawrence and Christof Schaefer 4.15.1 4.15.2 Simple infections Mastitis 786 787 Contents 4.15.3 4.15.4 4.15.5 4.15.6 4.15.7 4.15.8 4.15.9 4.15.10 4.15.11 4.15.12 Hepatitis... identifying the drugs of choice for particular diseases or symptoms In addition, recreational drugs, diagnostic procedures (X-ray), vaccinations, poisoning, workplace and environmental contaminants, herbs, supplements and breastfeeding during infectious diseases are discussed in detail The second edition has had major revisions throughout, most sections were completely rewritten The content has been adapted... Ethosuximide and other succimides Oxazolidine anticonvulsants Phenobarbital and primidone Phenytoin Sultiam Valproic acid 255 257 260 261 262 263 266 268 269 Contents 2.10.10 2.10.11 2.10.12 2.10.13 2.10.14 2.10.15 2.10.16 2.10.17 2.10.18 2.10.19 Felbamate Gabapentin Lamotrigine Levetiracetam Oxcarbazepine Pregabalin Tiagabine Topiramate Vigabatrin Zonisamid 2.11 Psychotropic drugs xi 273 273 274 276 277 278... clonazepam 700 700 Contents 4.8.3 4.8.4 4.8.5 4.8.6 4.8.7 4.8.8 4.8.9 4.8.10 4.8.11 4.8.12 4.8.13 4.8.14 4.8.15 4.9 Ethosuximide and mesuximide Phenobarbitone (phenobarbital), primidone, and barbexaclone Phenytoin Valproic acid Recommendations: classical anticonvulsants Gabapentin Lamotrigine Levetiracetam Oxcarbazepine Topiramat Vigabatrin Zonisamide Recommendations: newer antiepileptics Psychotropic drugs... Elisabeth Robert-Gnansia 2.20.1 2.20.2 2.20.3 2.20.4 2.20.5 2.20.6 2.20.7 2.20.8 2.20.9 2.20.10 X-ray examinations Ultrasound Magnetic resonance imaging Barium sulfate Iodine-containing contrast media Ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance contrast media Radioactive isotopes Stable isotopes Dyes Other diagnostic agents 2.21 Recreational drugs 502 505 506 507 507 508 508 509 510 510 514 Paul Peters and Christof... Ruth Lawrence and Christof Schaefer 4.18 Industrial chemicals and environmental contaminants 810 Christof Schaefer 4.18.1 4.18.2 4.18.3 4.18.4 4.18.5 4.18.6 4.18.7 Persistent organochlorine compounds (pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins) Mercury Lead Cadmium Other contaminants Breastfeeding despite environmental contaminants? Breastfeeding and the workplace Appendix A: Teratology information... Gynecology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642-8668, USA ASHER ORNOY Israel Teratogen Information Service, Jerusalem Child Developmental Center, Rechov Yafo 157, Jerusalem, Israel PAUL PETERS University Medical Centre Utrecht, Department of Obstetrics, Karel Doormanlaan 150, 3572 NR Utrecht, The Netherlands List of contributors xxiii MINKE REUVERS . disease 109 2.5.21 Dimeticon and plant-based carminatives 112 2.5.22 Chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid 112 2.5.23 Clofibrine acid derivatives and analogs 113 2.5.24 Cholesterol synthesis-enzyme. pregnancy 490 2.19.7 Herbs controversially used during pregnancy 491 2.19.8 Herbs contraindicated during pregnancy 491 xiv Contents Prelims-N52072.qxd 5/24/07 7:46 PM Page xiv Contents xv 2.20 Diagnostic. Nystatin 137 2.6.16 Clotrimazole and miconazole for topical use 137 2.6.17 Other local “conazole” antimycotics 138 2.6.18 Other local antimycotics 138 2.6.19 “Conazole” antimycotics for systemic