www.GetPedia.com *More than 150,000 articles in the search database *Learn how almost everything works [...]... process, what must be the cost of producing ethylene if we want a profit of 10% of sales? (c) The actual process produces about 0.8 moles of ethylene per mole of ethane fed (the yield of the process is 80%) What is the cash flow of the process? What must be the cost of producing ethylene if we want a profit of 10% of sales? 1.9 What are price differences in manufacturing the following chemicals? Use prices... cost of the process Yet the performance of the chemical reactor totally controls the costs and modes of operation of these expensive separation units, and thus the chemical reactor largely controls the overall economics of most processes Improvements in the reactor usually have enormous impact on upstream and downstream separation processes Design of chemical reactors is also at the forefront of new chemical. .. understand the principles of operation of chemical equipment rather than just memorize pictures of them Only in the Process Design course does there remain much discussion of the processes by which chemicals are made While the introduction of principles of chemical engineering into the curriculum undoubtedly prepared students to understand the underlying equations behind processes, succeeding generations of. .. high selectivity to the desired product 1.2 Write out the chemical formulas for the organic chemicals shown in Table l-2 What are the IUPAC names of these chemicals? 1.3 There are several books that describe chemical processes, and these are excellent and painless places to begin learning about how a particular chemical is made One of the best of these is Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology,... The Real World,” in which we describe the reactors and reactions in a petroleum refinery and then the reactions and reactors in making polyester These are all catalytic multiphase reactors of almost unbelievable size and complexity By Chapter 12 the principles of operation of these reactors will have been developed Then throughout the book the reactions and reactors of the petroleum and commodity chemical. .. reintroduced as the relevant principles for their description are developed Along with these topics, we attempt a brief historical survey of chemical technology from the start of the Industrial Revolution through speculations on what will be important in the twenty-first century The rise of the major petroleum and chemical companies has created the chemical engineering profession, and their current downsizing... regarding these processes and even the names and uses of the chemicals that were being produced We became so involved in understanding the principles of chemical engineering that we lost interest in and the capability of dealing with processes In order to develop the processes of tomorrow, there seems to be a need to combine principles and mathematical analysis along with applications and synthesis of these... those times These texts were nearly devoid of mathematics, but they summarized the reactions, process conditions, separation methods, and operating characteristics of chemical synthesis processes These courses in the chemical engineering curriculum were all replaced in the 1950s by more analytical courses that organized chemical engineering through “principles” rather than descriptions because it was felt... proposed new chemical processes are too complex to be described by existing chemical reaction engineering texts The first intent of this text is to update the fundamental principles of the operation of chemical reactors in a brief and logical way We also intend to keep the text short and cover the fundamentals of reaction engineering as briefly as possible Second, we will attempt to describe the chemical. .. What Do We Need to Know? 5 in the Omnibook and the Minibook, the most-used chemical reaction engineering texts in the 1980s were those written by Hill and then Fogler, who modified the initial book of Levenspiel, while keeping most of its material and notation The major petroleum and chemical companies have been changing rapidly in the 1980s and 1990s to meet the demands of international competition . devoid of mathematics, but they summarized the reactions, process conditions, separation methods, and operating characteristics of chemical synthesis processes. These courses in the chemical engineering. the principles of operation of chemical equipment rather than just memorize pictures of them. Only in the Process Design course does there remain much discussion of the processes by which chemicals. include all the kinetics material in any of the chemical kinetics texts designed for undergraduates, but these are placed within and at the end of chapters throughout the book. The descriptions of reactions