[...]... Fundamentals of Transformations Section I is about fundamentals and consists of five chapters The focus of Chapter I is databases: Transformation- Based Database Engineering Here we consider the basic theory of the transformation of data schemata, where reversibility of transformations is also considered We describe the use of basic transformations in the construction of more complex (higher-level) transformations... compound transformations, and predicate-driven and model-driven transformations Basic transformations and their higher-level derivations are embedded within database (forward) design processes as well as within database reverse design processes Most models to be transformed are defined in terms of graphs In Chapter II we will therefore focus on graph transformations: Rule-Based Transformation of Graphs and. .. with a goal model This results in a view of organizational management based on cycles of transformations Typically, we have transformations of organizational models and goal models, as well as transformations of the relationship between these models Basic transformations are the addition of items and detailing of components Next we proceed with the discussion of different media: Multimedia Conversion... constraints, and (b) all operations preserve all constraints Conclusions This book contains theory and applications of transformations in the context of information systems development As data today is frequently moving between systems, system components, persons, departments, and organizations, the need for such transformations is evident When data is in motion, there is not only a change of place or... systematic treatment of continuous media When focusing on transformations, we enter the area of streams and converters As in previous chapters, we again base ourselves on graphs here, for instance chains of converters, yielding a graph of converters Several qualities are relevant here, such as quality of service, quality of data, and quality of experience This chapter introduces specific transformations... quite complex If data is inaccurate, we have a further complication In Chapter IX we deal with this: Imprecise and Uncertain Engineering Information Modeling in Databases: Models and Formal Transformations Uncertainty in information modeling is usually based on fuzzy xiii sets and probability theory Here we focus on transformations in the context of fuzzy Entity-Relationship models and fuzzy nested... implementation-oriented models The theory presented in this book will help in the development of new innovative applications Existing applications presented in this book prove the power of current transformation approaches We are confident that this book contributes to the understanding, the systematic treatment and refinement, and the education of new and existing transformations Further Reading Kovacs,... priori known, it is often desirable to predict the nature of the result One way of predicting the behavior of probabilistic transformation processes, is through the use of Markov theory Here the probabilities of a single transformation step are summarized in a transition matrix, such that transformation sequences can be considered by matrix multiplication We will illustrate the definition of a single-step... changers, and content changers The focus of Chapter XII is patterns in schema changes: Coherence in Data Schema Transformations: The Notion of Semantic Change Patterns Here we consider updates of data schemata during system usage (operational schema) When the schema is transformed into a new schema, we try to find coherence A catalogue of semantic changes is presented, consisting of a number of basic transformations... Experiences with EDO: An evolutionary database optimizer Data & Knowledge Engineering, 13, 243-263 van Bommel, P (1995, July) Database design by computer aided schema transformations Software Engineering Journal, 10(4), 125-132 van Bommel, P., Kovacs, Gy & Micsik, A (1994) Transformation of database populations and operations from the conceptual to the Internal level Information Systems, 19(2), 175-191 . Melbourne • Singapore Information Science Publishing Transformation of Knowledge, Information and Data: Theory and Applications Patrick van Bommel University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Acquisition. Cataloging-in-Publication Data Transformation of knowledge, information and data : theory and applications / Patrick van Bommel, editor. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-59140-527-0. France Mohand-Saïd Hacid, Université Lyon 1, France Transformation of Knowledge, Information and Data: Theory and Applications Table of Contents Chapter IV Transformation Based XML Query Optimization