Practice Test 3 131 practice test 3 www.petersons.com 45. Where could the following sentence best be added to the passage? The speed of the river’s current is just as extreme. (A) After the word “Iowa” in the first paragraph (B) After the word “Mississippi” in the second paragraph (C) After the word “upstream” in the third paragraph (D) At the end of the fourth paragraph 46. Who discovered the mouth of the Mis- souri River? (A) Meriwether Lewis and William Clark (B) French fur traders (C) Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet (D) American fur traders 47. When were steamers first used on the Missouri River? (A) 1673 (B) 1700 (C) 1804 (D) 1830 48. Which word does the word “power” as used in line 42 refer to? (A) Waterway (B) Irrigation (C) Development (D) Electricity 49. When was a flood control program for the Missouri River begun? (A) 1940 (B) 1840 (C) 1740 (D) 1640 50. In the passage, all of the following topics are briefly discussed EXCEPT: (A) the geography of the Missouri River (B) the history of the Missouri River (C) tourism and recreation on the Mis- souri River (D) twentieth-century development of the Missouri River 06_TOEFL Reading,Ch 4,121-134 7/29/06, 12:03131 132 PART IV: Two Practice Tests www.petersons.com ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS 1. B 11. C 21. B 31. B 41. D 2. D 12. D 22. A 32. A 42. B 3. C 13. D 23. D 33. D 43. D 4. B 14. B 24. A 34. B 44. C 5. D 15. A 25. A 35. C 45. B 6. A 16. C 26. B 36. D 46. C 7. A 17. C 27. C 37. A 47. D 8. B 18. C 28. C 38. C 48. D 9. A 19. C 29. A 39. A 49. A 10. C 20. C 30. D 40. A 50. C 1. The correct answer is (B). Choice (A) does not contain the most important facts about the career of Jonas Salk. Choice (C) contains information that is not mentioned in the passage. Choice (C) is incorrect; Salk was at the University of Pittsburgh. 2. The correct answer is (D). The other an- swer choices are incorrect definitions. 3. The correct answer is (C). The other an- swer choices contain words and phrases from the paragraph but are all incorrect. 4. The correct answer is (B). The sentence reads, “Working with scientists from other universities in a program to classify the vari- ous strains of the polio virus, Salk corrobo- rated other studies in identifying three sepa- rate strains.” 5. The correct answer is (D). Choice (A) is incorrect because Salk did not reject the stud- ies; he used them. Choice (B) is incorrect because the text does not mention publishing until the third paragraph. Choice (C) is incor- rect because examined is not close in meaning to corroborate. 6. The correct answer is (A). It is NOT true. All other answers are found in the second paragraph. 7. The correct answer is (A). Findings means the “information gained from research and experimentation.” The correct answer is “the results of both tests.” 8. The correct answer is (B). In the third paragraph, the text reports that the vaccine was injected by needle. 9. The correct answer is (A). This informa- tion is found in the last paragraph of the passage. 10. The correct answer is (C). The placement in the third paragraph is correct. 11. The correct answer is (C). The first two letters in choice (A) are the same as those in choice (B), but they do not make the words synonymous. Choice (B) uses a definition that might remind you of the word assemble. Choice (D) is the opposite of choice (B), but it is not the same as resemble. 12. The correct answer is (D). The other an- swer choices contain parts of synthesizers and violins. 13. The correct answer is (D). The other an- swer choices are not stated in the passage. 14. The correct answer is (B). The other an- swer choices are not stated in the passage. 15. The correct answer is (A). The meanings of the other answers have nothing to do with the word coupled. 16. The correct answer is (C). It is NOT used with a violin. 17. The correct answer is (C). The placement in the third paragraph is correct. 18. The correct answer is (C). The word its refers to the body of the violin in this instance. 19. The correct answer is (C). The other an- swer choices are not stated anywhere in the passage. 20. The correct answer is (C). All other an- swer choices are incorrect and are misstate- ments of parts of the passage. 06_TOEFL Reading,Ch 4,121-134 7/29/06, 12:03132 Practice Test 3 133 answers www.petersons.com practice test 3 21. The correct answer is (B). Choice (A) is incorrect; fiction is not published in the Times. Choice (C) is incorrect; the Times does not broadcast news on TV. Choice (C) is incorrect; see paragraph 4. 22. The correct answer is (A). See the last sentence of the first paragraph. 23. The correct answer is (D). Choices (A) and (B) can be used to mean restrained but not in the context of this sentence. Choice (C) is not related to any meaning of restrained. 24. The correct answer is (A). The other an- swer choices are not stated in the passage. 25. The correct answer is (A). 26. The correct answer is (B). The preceding sentence mentions how other newspapers have “lurid” stories. The sentence, “Their publishers ran sensational stories, not be- cause they were true, but because they sold newspapers,” gives further detail about the other newspapers’ stories. 27. The correct answer is (C). All of the other answer choices are not true. 28. The correct answer is (C). Choice (A) is incorrect because the passage does not con- nect the paper’s reputation to its price. Choices (B) and (D) are incorrect, because the passage does not connect the paper’s reputation to Ochs’s or the other New York papers. 29. The correct answer is (A). The word pub- lication refers to the Times. 30. The correct answer is (D). The other an- swer choices are not stated in the passage. 31. The correct answer is (B). Choice (A) is incorrect; the United States did not exist in the mid-eighteenth century. Choice (C) is incorrect; Germany is not mentioned in the passage. Choice (D) is incorrect because Pennsylvania is not identified as a country in the passage. 32. The correct answer is (A). This is stated in the first paragraph. 33. The correct answer is (D). The passage mentions that travelers heading west would stop at the “outfitting point,” and it makes sense that travelers would need equipment and supplies on their journey. 34. The correct answer is (B). See the second paragraph. 35. The correct answer is (C). Vital in this sentence means “of high importance.” Mar- kets are places where people can sell their products. 36. The correct answer is (D). No one men- tioned in the other answers moved to Pitts- burgh in great numbers after the Civil War. 37. The correct answer is (A). The other an- swer choices do not make sense within the context of the paragraph. 38. The correct answer is (C). See paragraph 3. 39. The correct answer is (A). The automobile industry is not mentioned in the passage. 40. The correct answer is (A). The sentence makes the most sense in this part of the passage. 41. The correct answer is (D). This is stated in the first sentence of the passage. 42. The correct answer is (B). When the word meandering is used to describe a river, it usually means that the river is “winding and turning,” so choice (B) is the correct answer. 43. The correct answer is (D). This informa- tion can be inferred from the second para- graph of the passage. 44. The correct answer is (C). Choice (A) is incorrect, because the topic is a river, not a harbor, valley, or cave. Choices (B) and (D) are incorrect meanings for the context. 45. The correct answer is (B). This is where the sentence best fits into the passage. 46. The correct answer is (C). See paragraph 3. 47. The correct answer is (D). See paragraph 3. 48. The correct answer is (D). Electricity can also be thought of as “electric power.” 49. The correct answer is (A). This is men- tioned in the last paragraph of the passage. 50. The correct answer is (C). The other an- swer choices are all mentioned in the passage. 06_TOEFL Reading,Ch 4,121-134 7/29/06, 12:03133 06_TOEFL Reading,Ch 4,121-134 7/29/06, 12:03134 P ART V APPENDIXES Appendix A A Helpful Word List Appendix B Applying to Colleges and Universities in the U.S. 07_TOEFLReadingAppA,135-176 7/29/06, 12:22135 07_TOEFLReadingAppA,135-176 7/29/06, 12:22136 appendix a 137 A Helpful Word List CREATE YOUR OWN WORD LIST Get into the habit of reading a little every day with your dictionary nearby. When you encounter a new word in a newspaper, magazine, or book, look it up. Then jot down the new word, its definition, and the sentence in which you encountered it in a notebook set aside for this purpose. Review your vocabulary notebook periodically—say, once a week. Your notebook will reflect the kinds of things you read and the words you find most difficult. The fact that you’ve taken the time and made the effort to write down the words and their meanings will help to fix them in your memory. Chances are good that you’ll encounter a few words from your vocabulary notebook on the TOEFL. abbreviate (verb) to make briefer, to shorten. Because time was running out, the speaker had to abbreviate his remarks. abbreviation (noun). abrasive (adjective) irritating, grinding, rough. The manager’s rude, abrasive way of criticizing the workers was bad for morale. abrasion (noun). abridge (verb) to shorten, to reduce. The Bill of Rights is designed to prevent Congress from abridging the rights of Americans. abridgment (noun). absolve (verb) to free from guilt, to exonerate. The criminal jury absolved the man of the murder of his ex-wife. absolution (noun). abstain (verb) to refrain, to hold back. After his heart attack, he was warned by the doctor to abstain from smoking, drinking, and overeating. abstinence (noun), abstemious (adjective). accentuate (verb) to emphasize, to stress. The overcast skies and chill winds accentuated our gloomy mood. acrimonious (adjective) biting, harsh, caustic. The election campaign became acrimonious, as the candidates traded insults and accusations. acrimony (noun). adaptable (adjective) able to be changed to be suitable for a new purpose. Some scientists say that the mammals outlived the dinosaurs because they were more adaptable to a changing climate. adapt (verb), adaptation (noun). 07_TOEFLReadingAppA,135-176 7/29/06, 12:22137 . the U.S. 07_TOEFLReadingAppA,135-176 7/29/06, 12: 2213 5 07_TOEFLReadingAppA,135-176 7/29/06, 12: 2213 6 appendix a 137 A Helpful Word List CREATE YOUR OWN WORD LIST Get into the habit of reading a. The other an- swer choices are all mentioned in the passage. 06 _TOEFL Reading, Ch 4, 121- 134 7/29/06, 12:03133 06 _TOEFL Reading, Ch 4, 121- 134 7/29/06, 12:03134 P ART V APPENDIXES Appendix A A Helpful. development of the Missouri River 06 _TOEFL Reading, Ch 4, 121- 134 7/29/06, 12:03131 132 PART IV: Two Practice Tests www.petersons.com ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS 1. B 11. C 21. B 31. B 41. D 2. D 12. D