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I D K )Q.DR7!&>8S)T)U(( V7  ?WOPBG7B E JD K XR /  ?Y1HZ $$  ?GPHD I R E T[7  ?Y!+$+;HD1 :;  ?GPHD I R E   \7;+;(]+, ^ _1E`aT)TE;1 b1S)`;aEE)K;1 G1`SaE)EK;1 c1`SaT)TE;1 Hướng dẫn giải d'>/S)TQ. E D I 7S)TQ.DS)TQ. I D K 1 B>/NOMPQ. I D K S)EaQ.S)TR <7!  ?W Q. I D K CLB C →Q. EC CEQ. IC CKB E D S)E→S)ES)K Q.CEB C →Q. EC CB E ↑  S)T→S)T c ?YMPQ. EC MS)IaQ. IC MS)KRCGPHD I R E M IQ. EC CHD I − CKB C →IQ. IC CHD ↑ CEB E D S)IS)TS)T ⇒ 2 HD eS)T×EE)KeE)EK;1 I E I GP HD R HD T   S)S` E − = =  ⇒ I E GP HD R S)S` 2 S)S` T = = ;P('`SR1PĐáp án CR Ví dụ 2: BU((S)TG+TES  ?NOBHD I  T[7 B E JD K S)`[1J(++V5/2;+;HD '8P+R1 f?9(2 _1T)IKK;1 b1T)Kg;1 G1S)hiE;1 c1T)TE;1 Hướng dẫn giải I BHD  S)TE= a E K B JD  S)Sh=  ⇒:jM B  S)EK + = 7 I HD  S)TE − = 1 kM IGCLB C CEHD I − →IG EC CEHD ↑ CKB E D b(M S)T→S)EK→S)TE kM S)Sg←S)EK→S)Sh→S)Sh J(M S)STP RPVRS)ShP R ⇒ 2 HD eS)Sh×EE)KeT)IKK;1PĐáp án AR Ví dụ 3:c ?N(  ?H(DBS)E[7  ?G(PDBR E S)T[1J< i)LK;+;GD E P+R7T;  ?N/+V9(/ _1T`(1 b1`(1 G1TS(1 c1S(1 Hướng dẫn giải E GD  eS)I`a H(DB eS)Ea E G(PDBR  eS)T1 ⇒:jM DB  − eS)ECS)T×EeS)K7 E G(  + eS)T1 k54M GD E CEDB − →GD I E − CB E D S)I`S)K S)E←S)K→S)E ⇒ E GD P R  d eS)I`−S)EeS)T` V<@l'(M GD I E − CGD E CB E D→EBGD I − b(M S)ES)T` kM S)T`←S)T` ⇒ E I GD  − US)T` ⇒ I G(GD  ↓ eS)S` ⇒ I G(GD  eS)S`×TSSe`(1PĐáp án BR Ví dụ 4:BU((V>/O,++7,++j! /  ?_7%T)TE;B E ('(P]+R1G  ?(S)SI _G I 7  ?_1+/+V9(/ _1S)iL(1 b1T)`h(1 G1S)LT(1 c1E)IK(1 Hướng dẫn giải k9(++7++j7!B E DM [CB E D→[PDBR  C E  B E :$(%M E B DB  E − = eS)T1 c ?_ <7!S)SI  ?_G I M _ IC CIDB − →_PDBR I ↓ b(M S)SIS)T kM S)SI→S)Sg→S)SI ⇒ DB P R  d − eS)ST V<U((+V9(.M _PDBR I CDB − →_D E − CEB E D S)ST←S)ST 2-'M I _PDBR  eiL×S)SEeT)`h(1PĐáp án BR Ví dụ 5:c ?_(S)STQ.PHD I R I 7S)T`BG%+mU((( ((G+^PbVHD&l+# '8R _1E)LL(1 b1I)gE(1 G1I)E(1 c1`)TE(1 Hướng dẫn giải kM GCEQ. IC →EQ. EC CG EC S)SS`←S)ST IGCLB C CEHD I − →IG EC CEHD ↑ CKB E D b(M S)T`S)SI→B C   kMS)SK`←S)TE←S)SI ⇒  G( ePS)SK`CS)SS`R×hKeI)E(1PĐáp án CR Ví dụ 6: G>/OH(G7H(b <7!  ?_HD I  / +V9(%+/5+/_HD I X1:; m+/H(G>/1 _1EI)In b1Ei)LKn1 G1KI)EIn1 c1IT)In1 Hướng dẫn giải kM _ C CG − →_G ↓ _ C Cb − →_b ↓ FM  H(G e@a H(b e'  _G C _b e IP R _HD  p. ⇒ I G b HD    − − − + = ⇒ I`)`@CLS'ehEP@C'R ⇒ @M'eIhM`I G4@eIh)'e`I→ H(G `L)` Ih TSS n `L)` Ih TSI `I × × = × + × eEi)LKn1PĐáp án BR Ví dụ 7::,TSS  ?_POoBGD I T[7o E GD I T[R7TSS  ?bPOH(BGD I T[7H( E GD I T[R/  ?G1 HZ$$TSS  ?cPOB E JD K T[7BGT[R7  ?G /2;GD E P+R7  ?p1G  ?b(PDBR E ! 7  ?p/(+V9(1f?9(72/ _1LE)K(7E)EK;1 b1K)I(7T)TE;1 G1KI(7E)EK;1 c1I)K(7`)h;1 Hướng dẫn giải c ?G(M BGD I − MS)EaGD I E − MS)E1 c ?c%jM B  + eS)I1 HZ$$  ?G7  ?cM GD I E − CB C →BGD I − S)E→S)E→S)E BGD I − CB C →B E DCGD E b(M S)KS)T kM S)T←S)T→S)T  cM S)I :V<  ?b(PDBR E  7  ?pM b( EC CBGD I − CDB − →b(GD I ↓ CB E D S)I→S)I b( EC CJD K E − →b(JD K S)T→S)T ⇒ E GD 2 eS)T×EE)KeE)EK;1 :j+/+V9(M eS)I×TgiCS)T×EIIeLE)K(1PĐáp án AR Ví dụ 8:BU((i)iK(,>/O[)_`SS  ? OB E JD K S)EL[7BGT[/L)iIh;B E P+R7  ?N1 :2;  ?(OqH(DBT[7b(PDBR E S)`[7  ?N//+V9(!81 (RJ(/  ?N _1IL)gI(1 b1IL)g`(1 G1IL)gi(1 c1IL)gT(1 R:;2 _1S)Ig;1 b1S)K;1 G1S)KT;1 c1S)KE;1 Rr/+V9( _1`K)SE(1 b1`I)gL(1 G1`I)hE(1c1`I)gK(1 Hướng dẫn giải (RN?+//  ?NM E K B JD  eS)EL×S)`eS)TK ⇒ E K JD  − eS)TK7 B  + eS)EL1  BG eS)` ⇒ B  + eS)`7 G  − eS)`1 2-'j B  + eS)ELCS)`eS)iL1 [ E B  eS)Ig1:.54M [ S CEB C →[ EC CB E ↑ PTR _CIB C →_ IC C 3 2 B E ↑ PER :(8' E B B PsR  E + = →B C V1 ⇒   e +1 C 2 4 SO Cl m m − − + ei)iKCS)TK×ghCS)`×I`)`eIL)gI(1PĐáp án AR RN?;2M 2 NaOH Ba(OH ) n 1V mol n 0,5V mol =    =    ⇒:j DB  − eE27 E b(  + eS)`21 k+V9(M b( EC CJD K E − →b(JD K ↓ PIR S)`2S)TK [ EC CEDB − →[PDBR E ↓ PKR _ IC CIDB − →_PDBR I ↓ P`R +V9(!8&DB − 9+V9(V[ EC 7_ IC 1:. PTR)PER)PKR)P`R(%M B  + e DB  − eS)iL ⇒ E2eS)iL→2eS)Ig;1PĐáp án AR RN?/+V9(M E b(  + eS)`2eS)`×S)IgeS)Tg`tS)TK→b( EC  1 ⇒ K b(JD  eS)TK×EIIeIE)hE(1 2-'  +V9( e K b(JD  C E+1 C DB  − eIE)hECi)iKCS)iL×Tie`I)hE(1PĐáp án CR Ví dụ 9:PCâu 40 - Mã 182 - TS Đại Học - Khối A 2007R G(>/[)_7E`S  ?N(>/(@BG T[7(@B E JD K S)`[)/`)IE;B E P]+R7  ?WP ;  ?+*jR1c ?W%B _1T1 b1h1 G1i1 c1E1 Hướng dẫn giải  BG eS)E`a E K B JD  eS)TE`1 ⇒:jM B  + eS)`a E B P R  t¹o thµnh eS)EIi`1 bVMEB C →TB E 7-'S)Ki`B C ←S)EIi`B E ⇒ B P R  d + eS)`−S)Ki`eS)SE` ⇒ S)SE` B S)E` +   =   eS)TeTS − T [→BeT1PĐáp án AR Ví dụ 10:PCâu 40 - Mã đề 285 - Khối B - TSĐH 2007R :03(;3M TRGI)LK(G7!LS  ?BHD I T[(2 T ; HD1 ERGI)LK(G7!LS  ?(BHD I T[7B E JD K S)`[(2 E ;HD1 bVHD&l+# '8);+;]\+31d( 3=(2 T 72 E  _12 E e2 T 1 b12 E eE2 T 1 G12 E eE)`2 T 1 c12 E eT)`2 T 1 Hướng dẫn giải :HTM I G BHD I)LK  S)Sh  hK  S)SL   = =    =  ⇒ I B HD  S)SL   S)SL  + − =    =   IGCLB C CEHD I − →IG EC CEHD ↑ CKB E D b(M S)ShS)SLS)SL→B C V kM S)SI←S)SL→S)SE→S)SE ⇒ 2 T 7!S)SEHD1 :HEM  G eS)Sha I BHD  eS)SLa E K B JD  eS)SK1 ⇒:jM B  + eS)Tha I HD  − eS)SL1 IGCLB C CEHD I − →IG EC CEHD ↑ CKB E D b(M S)ShS)ThS)SL→G7B C V kM S)Sh→S)Th→S)SK→S)SK ⇒ 2 E 7!S)SKHD1 H7-'2 E eE2 T 1PĐáp án BR Ví dụ 11:PCâu 33 - Mã 285 - Khối B - TSĐH 2007R :,TSS  ?POb(PDBR E S)T[7H(DBS)T[R7!KSS  ?POB E JD K S)SIi`[7BGS)STE`[R)/  ?N1f?B 9(  ?N _1i1 b1E1 G1T1 c1h1 Hướng dẫn giải E b(PDBR H(DB  S)ST   S)ST  =   =  ⇒:j DB  − eS)SI1 E K B JD BG  S)ST`   S)SS`  =   =  ⇒:j B  + eS)SI`1 o,>/  ?(A7!>/  ?(@(% 54M B C CDB − →B E D bS)SI`S)SI kM S)SI←S)SI J(M B P R  d + eS)SI`−S)SIeS)SS`1 ⇒:jM 2 P&(,R e`SSPS)`;R1 S)SS` B S)` +   =   eS)STeTS − E →BeE1PĐáp án BR Ví dụ 12:PCâu 18 - Mã 231 - TS Cao Đẳng - Khối A 2007R G,u/+H(sb( <7!!P R)/  ?N 7I)Ih;B E P]+R1:;  ?(@B E JD K E[ \   ?N _1T`S1 b1i`1 G1hS1 c1IS1 Hướng dẫn giải H(CB E D→H(DBC T E B E b(CEB E D→b(PDBR E CB E E B  eS)T`).→j& E E B DB P NR  E − = eS)I1 k549(  ?(@7!  ?(A B C CDB − →B E D ⇒ B  + e DB  − eS)I→ E K B JD  eS)T` ⇒ E K B JD S)T` 2 E = eS)Si`;Pi`R1PĐáp án BR Ví dụ 13:BU((>/NO(+_7b  ?BHD I X1oV 5/>/+;WPOS)THD)S)T`HD E 7 S)S`H E DR1bV+*%HB K HD I 1J BHD I XM _1S)i`1b1S)g1 G1T)S`1 c1T)E1 Hướng dẫn giải :(%M HD I − CEB C CT.→HD E CB E D PTR E×S)T`←S)T` HD I − CKB C CI.→HDCEB E D PER K×S)T←S)T EHD I − CTSB C CL.→H E DC`B E D PIR TS×S)S`←S)S` :$PTR)PER)PIR-/M I BHD B   p + = ∑ e E S)T` K S)T TS S)S` × + × + × eT)E1PĐáp án DR Ví dụ 14:GTE)g(>/_7[7!  ?>/((@BHD I 7B E JD K PF%R/S)T>+;JD E )HD)HD E 1G*  ?&(+/+(/M _1IT)`(1 b1Ii)i(1 G1Ki)I(1 c1IK)g(1 Hướng dẫn giải :(%M EHD I − CEB C CT.→HD E CB E DCHD I − PTR S)T→S)T KHD I − CKB C CI.→HDCEB E DCIHD I − PER S)T→I×S)T EJD K E − CKB C CE.→JD E CB E DCJD K E − PIR S)T→S)T :$PTR)PER)PIR→&HD I − S)TCI×S)TeS)Ka &JD K E − S)T1 ⇒   e +1 C I HD  − C E K JD  − eTE)gChE×S)KCgh×S)TeKi)I1PĐáp án CR Ví dụ 15:BU((TS)iT(>/O_)Y)Q.K;  ?BHD I ([ 7$(9/  ?_7T)igE;>/+;OH E 7H E D%v3 TMT1G*  ?_/P(1R+(1?9()(M _1``)I`(17E)E[ b1``)I`(17S)EE[ G1`I)``(17E)E[ c1`I)``(17S)EE[ Hướng dẫn giải E E H D H T)igE   S)SK E EE)K = = = × 1 :(%M EHD I − CTEB C CTS.→H E ChB E D S)SLS)KLS)SK EHD I − CTSB C CL.→H E DC`B E D S)SLS)KS)SK ⇒ I BHD B   S)LL + = = 1 ⇒ S)LL ( S)EE K = = [1 JHD I − S)LL−PS)SLCS)SLReS)iE1 o/TS)iTCS)iE×hEe``)I`(1PĐáp án BR Ví dụ 16:BU((`)g`(>/Y)_%w3TME  ?BHD I X /S)Lgh;,&&l+#N '8(1NM _1H E D b1H E G1HD c1HB K C Hướng dẫn giải :(%M  Y eS)S`a _ eS)T1 f4(&9(H @ D ' )(%M Y→Y EC CE. _→_ IC CI. S)S`S)T S)TS)I @HD I − CPh@−E'RB C CP`@−E'R.→H @ D ' CPI@−E'RB E D S)SKP`@−E'RS)SK ⇒ S)SKP`@−E'ReS)K→`@−E'eTS 2-'NH E 1PĐáp án BR Ví dụ 17:G>/OS)T`GQ.J E 7S)SgG E Q.J E   <7!  ?BHD I  /  ?N7>/+;WOHD7HD E1 : b(G E  7  ?N/(+V9(1[F+)V b(PDBR E  7  ?N)8'+V9(+*+;V+ /+*j/((81f?9(7(M _1TTT)LK7T`i)KK b1TTT)LK7Thi)KK G1TTE)LK7T`i)KK _1TTE)LK7Thi)KK Hướng dẫn giải :(%M GQ.J E CLB E D−Ti.→G EC CQ. IC CEJD K E − CTh C S)T`S)T`S)T`S)I G E Q.J E CLB E D−Tg.→EG EC CQ. IC CEJD K E − CTh C S)SgS)TLS)SgS)TL E K JD  S)KL − = a b( EC CJD K E − →b(JD K S)KLS)KL ⇒ eS)KL×EIIeTTT)LK(1  G eS)IIa Q. eS)EK1 G→GDEQ.→Q. E D I S)IIS)IIS)EKS)TE ⇒ (eS)II×LSCS)TE×ThSCTTT)LKeT`i)KK(1PĐáp án AR1 Ví dụ 18: BU((K)ih(>/Y)_%v3TMEKSS  ? BHD I T[7$(9) /  ?N((+(78'%+; (1f?9(M _1E`1L(1 b1Eh)g(1 G1Ei)L(1 c1EL)L(1 Hướng dẫn giải  Y eS)SKa _ eS)SL1 sc+*+;  ?HB K HD I 1:  ?%M S)SKYPHD I R E 7S)SL_PHD I R I 2-'&HD I − UHB K HD I M S)K−S)SK×E−S)SL×IeS)SL sc%  ?S)SKHB K HD I  eS)SK×TLgCS)SL×ETICS)SK×LSeEi)L(1PĐáp án CR . Phương pháp giải nhanh bài tập trắc nghiệm: SỬ DỤNG PHƯƠNG TRÌNH ION - ELECTRON  