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Đây là một nguồn tài nguyên quý giá giúp người học nắm vững các từ vựng cần thiết để hiểu và đọc hiểu các đoạn văn trong kỳ thi IELTS. Bộ tài liệu này thường bao gồm các danh sách từ vựng phổ biến theo chủ đề, từ những chủ đề cơ bản đến nâng cao. Nó cung cấp các từ vựng đa dạng từ cấp độ dễ đến khó, từ các lĩnh vực như khoa học, kỹ thuật, xã hội, và nghệ thuật. Bên cạnh đó, bộ tài liệu thường đi kèm với các ví dụ cụ thể giúp người học hiểu cách sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế. Việc thường xuyên ôn tập và áp dụng từ vựng từ bộ tài liệu này giúp củng cố kỹ năng đọc và nâng cao điểm số trong phần Reading của kỳ thi IELTS. Đối với người học, việc sử dụng bộ tài liệu từ vựng này đồng thời với việc thực hành đọc đa dạng các loại văn bản là cách hiệu quả để chuẩn bị cho kỳ thi IELTS một cách tự tin và thành công.
VOCABULARY FOR READING (CAM 7-CAM 10) CAM 7 TEST 1 Passage 1: Let’s go Bats Favour favour something to provide suitable conditions for a particular person, group, etc The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants Ancestry (n) /ˈænsestri/: the family or the group of people that you come from Ancestor (n): a person in your family who lived a long time ago SYNONYM forebear Substantial (a): large in amount, value or importance SYNONYM considerable Obstruct (v): obstruct something to block a road, an entrance, a passage, etc so that somebody/something cannot get through, see past, etc obstruct somebody/something to prevent somebody/something from doing something or making progress, especially when this is done deliberately Facial vision: An awareness of obstacles without vision Adapt (v): to change something in order to make it suitable for a new use or situation SYNONYM modify adapt something for something The gym has been adapted for use by visually impaired students Comparable (a): similar to somebody/something else and able to be compared Strike someone’s dumb with admiration Coin (v): coin something to invent a new word or phrase that other people then begin to use Passage 2: Making every drop count Manipulate (v): to control, use or change something with skill Aqueduct (n) /ˈækwɪdʌkt/: a structure for carrying water, usually one built like a bridge across a valley or low ground Sewer (n) /ˈsuːə(r)/: an underground pipe that is used to carry sewage away from houses, factories, etc Monumental (a): very important and having a great influence, especially as the result of years of work / very large, good, bad, stupid, etc / appearing in or serving as a monument Irrigation (n): the practice of supplying water to an area of land through pipes or channels so that crops will grow At the outset of Diminish (v): to become smaller, weaker, etc.; to make something become smaller, weaker, etc./ to make somebody/something seem less important than they really are SYNONYM decrease Quadruple (v): to become four times bigger; to make something four times bigger Passage 3: Educating psyche Psyche (n): the mind; your deepest feelings and attitudes Mannerism (n): a particular habit or way of speaking or behaving that somebody has but is not aware of Hypnosis (n): an unconscious state in which somebody can still see and hear and can be influenced to follow commands or answer questions under hypnosis She only remembered details of the accident under hypnosis dispense with somebody/something to stop using somebody/something because you no longer need them or it SYNONYM do away with Accredited (a) /əˈkredɪtɪd/: (of a person) officially recognized as something; with official permission to be something/officially approved as being of an accepted quality or standard Notoriety (n) /ˌnəʊtəˈraɪəti/: the state of being famous for being bad in some way Emulate (v) /ˈemjuleɪt/: to try to do something as well as somebody else because you admire them Spectacular (a): very impressive SYNONYM breathtaking Passage 3: Why pagodas don’t fall down Unscathed (a) /ʌnˈskeɪðd/: not hurt SYNONYM unharmed Batter (v): to hit somebody/something hard many times, especially in a way that causes serious damage Flex (v): flex (something) to bend, move or stretch an arm or a leg, or pull a muscle tight, especially in order to prepare for a physical activity He stood on the side of the pool flexing his muscles Craftsman (n): a person with a special skill, especially one who makes beautiful things by hand Consecutive (a): following one after another in a continuous series TEST 2 Passage 2: The true Cost of food collateral damage /kəˌlætərəl ˈdæmɪdʒ/: deaths of or injury to civilians (= people not in the armed forces) or damage to buildings that are not connected to the military during a war People say ‘collateral damage’ to avoid saying ‘innocent people being killed’ enervation (n) /ˌenəˈveɪʃn/: the feeling of being weak and tired onward (a): continuing or moving forward march (n): the march of something the steady development or forward movement of something staggering (a): so great, shocking or surprising that it is difficult to believe SYNONYM astounding Arable (a): connected with growing crops such as wheat arable land/fields (= used or suitable for growing crops) conservative (a): (of an estimate) lower than what is probably the real amount or number break away (from somebody/something) to escape suddenly from somebody who is holding you or keeping you prisoner o The prisoner broke away from his guards to leave a political party, state, etc., especially to form a new one The people of the province wished to break away and form a new state to move away from a crowd or group, especially in a race She broke away from the pack and opened up a two-second lead viable (a) that can be done; that will be successful / (biology) capable of developing and surviving independently SYNONYM feasible Passage 3: Makete Integrated Rural Transport Project Arduous (a) /ˈɑːdʒuəs/: involving a lot of effort and energy, especially over a period of time Institutionalization (n): the act of making something become established as part of the normal systems, practices, etc of an organization, society or culture Scrutiny (n) /ˈskruːtəni/: careful and complete examination SYNONYM inspection TEST 3 Passage 1: Ant Intelligence come in for something: to receive something, especially something unpleasant The government's economic policies have come in for a lot of criticism Repel (v): repel somebody/something (formal) to successfully fight somebody who is attacking you, your country, etc and drive them away to repel an attack/invasion/invader Chant (n): words or phrases that a group of people shout or sing again and again / a religious song or prayer or a way of singing, using only a few notes that are repeated many times Jingle (n): a short song or tune that is easy to remember and is used in advertising Martial (a): connected with fighting or war Ceaselessly (adv): without ever stopping He worked ceaselessly for charity Secrete (v) /sɪˈkriːt/: secrete something (of part of the body or a plant) to produce a liquid substance Insulin is secreted by the pancreas More saliva is secreted while chewing Propagate (v) /ˈprɒpəɡeɪt/: to produce new plants from a parent plant Outstrip (v): outstrip something to become larger, more important, etc than somebody/something Demand is outstripping supply outstrip something to be faster, better or more successful than somebody you are competing against SYNONYM surpass Forage (v): forage (for something) (of a person or an animal) to search widely for food The female only leaves the young when she forages for food Hail (v): to describe somebody/something as being very good or special, especially in newspapers, etc Albeit /ˌɔːlˈbiːɪt/: although He finally agreed, albeit reluctantly, to help us Elaborate (a): very complicated and detailed; carefully prepared and organized elaborate designs Passage 2: Population movements and genetics Sound (a): sensible; that you can rely on and that will probably give good results / good, detailed and complete / in good condition; not damaged, hurt, etc./ deep and peaceful / good and accurate, but not excellent / severe Fluid (n): a liquid; a substance that can flow Variant (n): variant (of/on something) a thing that is a slightly different form or type of something else This game is a variant of baseball Interbreed (v): interbreed (something) (with something) if animals from different species interbreed, or somebody interbreeds them, they produce young together Credence (n) /ˈkriːdns/: a quality that an idea or a story has that makes you believe it is true Historical evidence lends credence to his theory Belief in something as true Alternative medicine has been gaining credence (= becoming more widely accepted) recently Passage 3 Heritage (n) /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/: the history, traditions, buildings and objects that a country or society has had for many years and that are considered an important part of its character Woodland (n): an area of land that is covered with trees Confine (v): to keep somebody/something inside the limits of a particular activity, subject, area, etc SYNONYM restrict be confined to (doing) something The work will not be confined to the Glasgow area Condemn (v): to force somebody to accept a difficult or unpleasant situationSYNONYM doom be condemned to something He was condemned to a life of hardship Surveillance (n) /sɜːˈveɪləns/: the act of carefully watching a person suspected of a crime or a place where a crime may be committed SYNONYM observation The police are keeping the suspects under constant surveillance surveillance cameras/equipment Cumulative (a) /ˈkjuːmjələtɪv/: having a result that increases in strength or importance each time more of something is added the cumulative effect of human activity on the world environment Accentuate (v) /əkˈsentʃueɪt/: accentuate something to emphasize something or make it easier to notice Her short hair accentuated her huge eyes TEST 4 Passage 1: Pulling strings to build pyramids Peruse (v) /pəˈruːz/: to read something, especially in a careful way Drag (v): to pull somebody/something along with effort and difficulty Harness something to control and use the force or strength of something to produce power or to achieve something attempts to harness the sun’s rays as a source of energy We must harness the skill and creativity of our workforce Passage 2: Endless Harvest Crash (n): a sudden serious fall in the price or value of something; the occasion when a business, etc Fails SYNONYM collapse Some economists have been predicting another crash for years Subsistence (n): the state of having just enough money or food to stay alive Many families are living below the level of subsistence Passage 3: Effects of noise Transient (a): continuing for only a short time SYNONYM fleeting, temporary the transient nature of speech CAM 8 TEST 1 Passage 1: A Chronicle of Timekeeping Chronicle (n): a written record of events in the order in which they happened Her latest novel is a chronicle of life in a Devon village Advent (n): the advent of something/somebody the coming of an important event, person, invention, etc wax and wane to increase then decrease in strength, importance, etc over a period of time Ex: Public interest in the issue has waxed and waned over the years Conspicuous (a) /kənˈspɪkjuəs/: easy to see or notice; likely to attract attention Regulate (v): to control something by means of rules / to control the speed, pressure, temperature, etc in a machine or system Passage 2: Air traffic control in the USA Oversee (v): oversee somebody/something to watch somebody/something and make sure that a job or an activity is done correctly SYNONYM supervise Rudimentary (a) /ˌruːdɪˈmentri/: dealing with only the most basic matters or ideas SYNONYM basic They were given only rudimentary training in the job His understanding of the language is very rudimentary Vicinity (n) /vəˈsɪnəti/: the area around a particular place in the vicinity (of something) Crowds gathered in the vicinity of Trafalgar Square Metropolitan (a): connected with a large or capital city the New York metropolitan area Blanket (n): to cover something completely with a thick layer The ground was soon blanketed with snow Rigorous (a): done carefully and with a lot of attention to detail SYNONYM thorough a rigorous analysis Demanding that particular rules, processes, etc are strictly followed o Remember these basic rules before embarking upon major home improvements at the mercy of somebody/something 1 not able to stop somebody/something harming you because they have power or control over you o I'm not going to put myself at the mercy of the bank o We were at the mercy of the weather See-saw (n): a situation in which things keep changing from one state to another and back again Amplify (v): amplify something to increase something in strength, especially sound to amplify a guitar/an electric current/a signal to add details to a story, statement, etc amplify something You may need to amplify this point Proliferate (v): to increase rapidly in number or amount SYNONYM multiply Books and articles on the subject have proliferated over the last year Passage 3: The meaning and power of smell Feeble (a): very weak/ not effective; not showing energy or effort Elusive (a): difficult to find, define or achieve Eric, as elusive as ever, was nowhere to be found the elusive concept of ‘literature’ A solution to the problem of toxic waste is proving elusive TEST 3 Passage 1: Striking back at Lightning with Lasers Inflict (v): to make somebody/something suffer something unpleasant inflict something on/upon somebody/something They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team Hail (n): small balls of ice that fall like rain Conductor (n): a substance that allows electricity or heat to pass along it or through it Wood is a poor conductor Passage 2: The Nature of Genius Begetter (n): a person who creates something Ambivalent (a): ambivalent (about/towards somebody/something) having or showing both positive and negative feelings about somebody/something Prodigy (n): a young person whose intelligence or skill is unusually good for their age a child/an infant prodigy Mist : The origins of the story are lost in the mists of time (= forgotten because it happened such a long time ago) Vantage point a position from which you watch something The cafe was a good vantage point for watching the world go by a point in time or a situation from which you consider something, especially the past From the vantage point of the present, the war seems to have achieved nothing Mundane (a) /mʌnˈdeɪn/:not interesting or exciting SYNONYM dull, ordinary a mundane task/job mediocre (a) /ˌmiːdiˈəʊkə(r)/: not very good; of only average standard a mediocre musician/talent/performance Manifestation (n): an event, action or thing that is a sign that something exists or is happening; the act of appearing as a sign that something exists or is happening The riots are a clear manifestation of the people's discontent Hard-won (a): that you only get after fighting or working hard for it She was not going to give up her hard-won freedom so easily Outrageous (a) /aʊtˈreɪdʒəs/: offensive and unacceptable SYNONYM scandalous very unusual and intended to shock people slightly She says the most outrageous things sometimes Supremacy (n) /suˈpreməsi/: a position in which you have more power, authority or status than anyone else the battle for supremacy in the region unpalatable (a): unpleasant and not easy to accept SYNONYM distasteful not pleasant to taste unpalatable food integrity (n) /ɪnˈteɡrəti/: the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles Passage 3: How does the biological clock tick? Inexorable (a) /ɪnˈeksərəbl/: (of a process) that cannot be stopped or changedSYNONYM relentless the inexorable rise of crime Equilibrium (n) /ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbriəm/: a state of balance, especially between different forces or influences Any disturbance to the body's state of equilibrium can produce stress a calm state of mind and a balance of emotions He sat down to try and recover his equilibrium Invert (v)/ɪnˈvɜːt/: invert something (formal) to change the normal position of something, especially by turning it into a position in which the top of it is where the bottom of it normally is or by arranging it in the opposite order Place a plate over the cake tin and invert it The shape looked like an inverted V Frugally (adv) /ˈfruːɡəli/: in a way that uses only as much money or food as is necessary to live/eat frugally OPPOSITE extravagantly Hibernation (n): a state like deep sleep in which some animals spend the winter to go into/come out of hibernation Lethargy (n) /ˈleθi/ədʒi/: the state of not having any energy or enthusiasm for doing things SYNONYM listlessness, inertia The report criticizes the lethargy shown by employers when it comes to job creation TEST 4 Passage 1: Land of the rising sum elaborate (v): to explain or describe something in a more detailed way elaborate (on/upon something) He said he was resigning but did not elaborate on his reasons Homogeneity (n) /ˌhəʊməʊdʒəˈniːəti/: the quality in a group of people or things of being all the same or all of the same type Passage 2: Biological control of pests Engender (v): engender something to make a feeling or situation exist The issue engendered controversy Potent (a): having a strong effect on your body or mind / powerful a potent drug That chilli sauce is pretty potent stuff escalate (v): to become greater, worse, more serious, etc.; to make something greater, worse, more serious, etc the escalating costs of healthcare indiscriminate (a): an indiscriminate action is done without thought about what the result may be, especially when it causes people to be harmed nuisance (n): a thing, person or situation that is annoying or causes trouble or problems I don't want to be a nuisance so tell me if you want to be alone behaviour by somebody that annoys other people and that a court can order the person to stop He was charged with causing a public nuisance Infest (v): (especially of insects or animals such as rats) to exist in large numbers in a particular place, often causing damage or disease be infested (with something) The kitchen was infested with ants shark-infested waters Parasite (n): a small animal or plant that lives on or inside another animal or plant and gets its food from it Passage 3: Collecting Ant Speciments Taxonomy (n): the scientific process of classifying things (= arranging them into groups) plant taxonomy CAM 9 TEST 1 Passage 1: William Henry Perkin Synthetic (a): artificial; made by combining chemical substances rather than being produced naturally by plants or animals SYNONYM man-made Prompt (v): to make somebody decide to do something; to cause something to happen SYNONYM provoke to encourage somebody to speak by asking them questions or suggesting words that they could say Patent (n): an official right to be the only person to make, use or sell a product or an invention; a document that proves this Utilize (v) utilize something (as something) to use something, especially for a practical purpose SYNONYM make use of Passage 2: is there anybody out there Haunt (v): haunt somebody if something unpleasant haunts you, it keeps coming to your mind so that you cannot forget it The memory of that day still haunts me Intermittently (adv): in a way that stops and starts often over a period of time; not regularlySYNONYM sporadically Protests continued intermittently throughout November Tenuous (a): so weak or uncertain that it hardly exists a tenuous hold on life mere (a): used when you want to emphasize how small, unimportant, etc somebody/something is It took her a mere 20 minutes to win A mere 2 per cent of their budget has been spent on publicity used when you are saying that the fact that a particular thing is present in a situation is enough to have an influence on that situation His mere presence (= just the fact that he was there) made her feel afraid Inconceivable (a): impossible to imagine or believe SYNONYM unthinkable It is inconceivable that the minister was not aware of the problem Attenuate (v): to make something weaker or less effective The drug attenuates the effects of the virus Traverse (v): traverse something to cross an area of land or water skiers traversing the slopes The region is traversed by several roads Passage 3: The history of the tortoise revert to phrasal verb revert to somebody/something (law) (of property, rights, etc.) to return to the original owner again revert to something (formal) to return to a former state; to start doing something again that you used to do in the past Try not to revert to your old eating habits to return to an earlier topic or subject So, to revert to your earlier question… Overlap (n): overlap (between something and something) a shared area of interest, knowledge, responsibility, etc There is (a) considerable overlap between the two subjects the amount by which one thinga period of time in which two events or activities happen together There will be an overlap of a week while John teaches Ann the job covers another thing an overlap of 5 cm on each roof tile TEST 2 Passage 1 Preliminary (a) /prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/: happening before a more important action or event SYNONYM initial After a few preliminary remarks he announced the winners Ventilation (n): the fact of allowing fresh air to enter and move around a room, building, etc Amount to phrasal verb amount to something to add up to something; to make something as a total o His earnings are said to amount to £300 000 per annum Exacerbate (v): exacerbate something to make something worse, especially a disease or problem SYNONYM aggravate His aggressive reaction only exacerbated the situation Reverberation (n): a loud noise that continues for some time after it has been produced because of the surfaces around it SYNONYM echo The reverberations of the drum were still vibrating in the air Stimulus plural stimuli /ˈstɪmjələs/(n): something that helps somebody/something to develop better or more quickly