Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development Nghe An Province Sustainable Village Based Beef Cattle Development, Training and Extension Programme Project Progress Report SECOND SIX-MONTHLY REPORT October 2007 Table of Contents Institute Information Project Abstract Executive Summary Progress to Date .3 Implementation Highlights Smallholder Benefits Capacity Building Publicity Project Management 5 Report on Cross-Cutting Issues Environment Gender and Social Issues 6 Implementation & Sustainability Issues Issues and Constraints Intervention Options Sustainability 7 Next Critical Steps .7 Conclusion Statutory Declaration Error! Bookmark not defined Annex - Project Progress Against Proposed Objectives, Outputs, Activities And Inputs 12 1 Institute Information Project Name Nghe An Province, sustainable village based beef cattle development, training and extension project Vietnamese Institution 19 May Fruit & Vegetable Co Vietnamese Project Team Leader Mr Diep Australian Organisation AusAID Australian Personnel Mr Tim Harvey Date commenced February 2007 Completion date (original) December 2009 Completion date (revised) - Reporting period First six months Contact Officer(s) In New Zealand: Team Leader Mr Tim Harvey Name: Director Position: Organisation Massey University Telephone: Fax: Email: 00 64 350 5119 00 64 350 5633 T.G.Harvey@massey.ac.nz In New Zealand: Administrative contact Name: Mr M Peters Director Position: Organisation Research Management Services Telephone: Fax: Email: In Vietnam Mr Toan Name: Project Coordinator Position: Organisation BCFRC Telephone: Fax: Email: 00 64 350 5799 Extn 81338 00 64 801 2682 M.Peters@massey.ac.nz Project Abstract The Beef Cattle Development Plan for 2010 (No1155/QD-UB Nghe An) was introduced in May 2003 The plan set objectives to increase beef production, use crossbreeding to introduce new breeds and improve rural incomes The traditional VN beef industry is based on very small household farmlets, grazing waste land; this model has proved unsustainable This project will look at developing a sustainable, economic village based beef farming model to improve long-term meat supply, and improve incomes This project will design, implement and evaluate the village based beef farming system in the Nghe An Region The project will be based around a small nucleus (demonstration) farm and three rural villages, which have below average household income levels (Nghia Lam, Nghia Son and Nghia Quang) The project will train five technical trainers (ToT’s) to build institutional capacity and strengthen the local extension services and technicians in forage, animal nutrition, animal husbandry and breed improvement Collaborators from New Zealand and Australia will work with Local Farmers, 19th May Co, BCFRC and the local Extension Service to evaluate new technologies into the use of bi-products thereby increasing nutritional levels and establishing “Best On-Farm Practices” procedures for this region’s Beef Industry Executive Summary Introduction & Background Introduction: Over the last 6-months two project visits have been completed (July & September) The July 07 visit involved Dr Phil Rolston, Dr Michael Hare and Mr Tim Harvey This visit was successful with the main objectives being achieved Nine farmers were selected, contracts signed, electric chopping machines designed and manufactured locally; new species of tropical pasture and legumes identified for use; and bi-products and crop residue silage made The September 07 visit involved Dr Michael Hare, Mrs Averill Ramsey-Evans and Mr Tim Harvey The visit completed the inception phase of the project as well as the base data collection The visit also finalised arrangements for the purchase of AI equipment and semen from Vinh City; analysis of silage; evaluation of pasture species and the setting up of a cattle computer data base for the project cattle There has been good buy-in from the key farmers and interest from other small holders in the results The 19 May Company administration support for the project has been very good; however, there have been delays in establishing the Nucleus Beef herd, which is causing concern Cross Cutting Issues: It is estimated that only 20% of the breeding age female cattle in the 3-project villages are Red Sindhi Cross This low % will slow the introduction of Brahman and Droughtmaster breeds The local yellow cattle are very small and it is the projects recommendation that only female cattle that are second calvers and have some Red Sindhi breeding be mated to Brahman and Droughmaster Hopefully good AI results can be achieved (through good training), with high conceptions so farmers can see the long-term benefits of the breeding programme The pineapple processing factory is having difficulty with supply of product and this is making the supply of crop residue pulp difficult to obtain The 19 May Company is having difficulty obtaining funding for development of its nucleus beef unit and there is a lack of experience and expertise within the company Progress to Date Implementation Highlights The introduction of new pasture species of grasses and legume from Thailand Dr Michael Hare from Ubon Ratchathani University introduced Mulato II, Ubon Paspalum and Ubon Stylo Demonstration plots and project farmer nurseries have been established for evaluation Both Mulatto II and Ubon paspalum produced approximately 20 tonne of wet matter in 60days from planting Gross wet matter production will be monitored over the next 12 months The successful organisation and participation of 30 farmers and technicians in an in-country 3-day training workshop at BCFRC training centre at Bavi This provided project farmers the opportunity to discuss with successful farmers around Bavi on the development of pasture based cattle systems, as well as receiving detailed instruction on nutrient requirement, reproduction and cattle management The project sent a 19th May Company technician for training in AI, to support the project and the nucleus herd Mr Ming had training for 35-days at a national AI training course held at BCFRC along with 25 other technicians from around Vietnam This was a great opportunity for capacity building, not only in AI technology but also in overall cattle management and extension methods The successful construction of small scale silage chopping machinery and purchase of “well liners” for making silage Three electric “single phase” chopping machines and smaller electric choppers were designed and built locally for the project These choppers have proved suitable for project farmers with village and household electricity systems being robust enough to operate the machines These machines chop approximately 100-200 kg/hr The silage “well liners” purchased as small tanks for small farmer based silage making have proved excellent for this application For 200,000 dong ($US 12) they have proved economical and a lot more sustainable than large plastic bags The “well liners” hold approximately 150 -180kg of wet matter, are easily compacted, very robust, easy to cover and totally reusable While the size is a little small; it is available locally using existing moulds The farmers in the district had no previous experience in silage making 15 “well liners” of silage were made in July 2007, 10 liners were excellent with high quality fermentation; liners were OK and usable and liners were poor quality, due to poor compaction and poor sealing of the liner (water and air entering the liner) out of project farmers were very pleased with the technology and silage samples will be sent for analysis at Hanoi to determine protein etc The following types of silage have been made to date: Elephant grass with additives (molasses, salt & rice bran) Elephant grass and cassava leaf with additives Cassava leaf and green maize stover with additives Elephant grass and dry maize stover with additives Green maize (cob in) with additives Sugarcane top with additives Pineapple pulp and dry maize stover with additives The introduction of data recording – all the key project farmers cattle have been ear tagged and liveweights (LWT) recorded to provide a base situation The animal pedigrees have been collected (where known) and recorded for future updating A new beef cattle recording system (Australian based) is being trailed by the NZ team This programme records owner, location, all cattle information and veterinary events If the programme is robust enough, consideration will be given to its introduction and translation to Vietnamese The project team has visited the National AI centre in the Ha Tay Province and identified Red Brahman, Droughtmaster and Red Angus as suitable breeds for introducing into the project region Arrangements are being made to purchase some extra AI equipment (in-country) as well as semen for the project The calibre of the key farmers selected for the project has been very good and encouraging All farmers have been willing to support the project and attend training on a regular basis It is pleasing to see the level of cooperation and high trust levels that have developed over the last 8-months of the project Smallholder Benefits The small holders are starting to get direct benefit from the project At present this is mainly the key farmers involved in the implementation of focus farmers The small holders have received small chopping machines and well liners, all their cattle have been tagged and recorded and weighed All key farmers have been trained in silage making and have made silage on their own properties The small holders have access to new beef breeds (Brahman and Droughtmaster) and one experienced and one newly trained AI technician are located at the project site to undertake AI Non-key project farmers will have access to new beef breeds through AI Small holders have been given new varieties of pasture seed Most have established nursery’s so the varieties of Mulato II and Ubon Paspalum can be multiplied up in the district (this is the first importation and evaluation of these species into Vietnam) Small holders have been involved in workshops and training with 30 technicians being trained at BCFRC in Bavi in Sept/Oct 2007 Capacity Building The 19th May Company is being exposed to international experience in administration and management of projects This has included international money transfer, importation of product and overall organisation One new AI technician, (from 19th May Company) has been trained in cattle AI and reproduction management This technician will provide much needed experience to the project and other technicians The Nghia Dan Extension Services has been involved in training and providing support to the project This is the first time these technicians have been involved directly in an international Aid project The NZ team have visited:a The Vinh City Nghe An provincial Animal Breeding & Research Centre b The MART Animal Breeding Semen and Equipment Centre c The Son Tay National Animal Breeding and Bull Centre d Goat & Rabbit Research Centre, Son Tay, Ha Tay Province e Nghia Dan Extension Office All these visits and discussions assist in exposing staff to the project and international standards The techniques of pasture assessment and cattle, body condition scoring has been introduced to the region Publicity The local Nghe An TV company visited the project site and undertook a short segment on the project (19 September 2007) The project appeared in the CARD newsletter in August 2007 The project support a Nghia Son Village mid-autumn children’s “Moon Festival” on the 25 September 2007 Project Management The project management is working well; with excellent support from the project coordinator Mr Toan and good support from the 19th May Company Mr Deip and administrative team The NZ team is working well and Dr Michael Hare has provided very good input into the project at a cost effective rate (i.e being located in Thailand) The project is working within its budget The fluctuation in the exchange rate between Australia – US – NZ- VN currency makes budgeting a challenge Some savings have been made on semen, by sourcing all products within Vietnam at the local price AI equipment has also been sourced locally imported from China The biggest concerns at present are: Assisting the 19th May Company to develop an internationally accepted beef model farm without direct finance capital support The cost of international airfares and in-country transport costs Report on Cross-Cutting Issues Environment Due to the difficulty of supply, silage making from cassava pulp and pineapple pulp waste has not been implemented other than one sample well liner Therefore it is hard to evaluate the longer-term reduction of waste bi-products at these plants Given the size of these two operations the issues of waste disposal may be better address through the development of a bio-fuel industry Acid leaching from the silage “well liners” has been monitored and to date no leachates have been detected and there has been no waterways contaminated Silage making is likely to have a positive effect on the environment; the ensiling process increases the digestibility of the crop residues and therefore improves the availability and utilisation and available as nutrients back into the soil An increase in beef cattle numbers may increase green house gas admission, however, this is likely to be very small compared to industry expansion in Vietnam Gender and Social Issues Silage making to date has been making considered “mans” work with men doing the majority of cutting and carrying of product The operation of the machinery mainly involves men, however, it seems to be the women who feed the cattle and it is women who have commented on its suitability etc To date no negative social issues have been detected that can be associated directly to the project The most positive social aspect has been the acceptance of the NZ team in the Nghia Son Village The NZ team live and work from the 19th May Company at Nghia Son The children are very interested and they talk to the NZ team The local school teacher has used the opportunity to practice English Implementation & Sustainability Issues Issues and Constraints The supply of pineapple pulp for silage making is unreliable as the factory lack raw product supply The Company also has some financial issues that may affect sustainability The 19th May Company has had major issues with the cattle management This has been disappointing for the director (Mr Deip) how has worked hard to correct the situation; however, it has delayed purchase of the company’s nucleus herd This issue is slowly being resolved with cattle arriving in October 2007 However, the company still has to demonstrate that it has the ability to manage a modern nucleus herd of beef cattle Communication with the key project farmers can be difficult at times; especially if the communication channel is through the village administration The project now has a full list of farmers contact details Intervention Options The list of interventions (see intervention report) has highlighted a wide range of opportunities to develop the beef industry and benefit the small holders Inter-planting between orange trees with legume based cover crops is likely to have beneficial effects and well worth evaluating The introduction of Mulato II and Ubon Paspalum gives the small holder the opportunity to develop a seed/seedling base production system, and therefore growing and marketing the new pasture varieties within the district The availability of crop residue is very high – especially cassava leaves over the autumn period Silage made from fresh maize stover (or elephant grass) and cassava leaf is looking very promising and could provide a good quality feed source over the dry period Sustainability It is important that the project evaluates as wide a range of crops and crop residue options for silage making If the cassava factory or other processors of crops change, the crop residue source could be lost If we can evaluate a range of alternatives the risk will be reduced The risk of foot and mouth in Vietnam remains high The project would have a major set back if a foot and mouth outbreak occurred in the Nghia Dan District Marketing of beef cattle is not well developed in the region and the project will have to evaluate this aspect in the future Next Critical Steps Get the 19th May Company nucleus herd established and managed effectively Organise a training trip to Ubon Ratchathani University in Thailand for 11 farmers and technicians to visit a tropical region that is using new varieties of pasture for beef production Complete collecting the last of the base data from all the farmers Evaluate the effectiveness of the AI programme for new beef sires Monitor conception rate and semen quality Obtain analysis of the silage made from a range of different products Undertake the first NZ Training trip in November 2007 Complete all the reports for phase one of the project Arrange for the next visit to the project by the NZ Team in March 2008 Conclusion The project is meeting its objectives and the introduction of new pasture species into Vietnam is exciting The training programme for farmers and technicians is going well with over 70 hours of training so far, involving approximately 225 participants Planning is well advanced for training in Thailand and in New Zealand and it is hoped that the difficulties in establishing the Nucleus herd within the 19 May Company can be over come by the end of this year 10 11 Annex - Project Progress Against Proposed Objectives, Outputs, Activities And Inputs VIE Narrative 10/06 Objective Design and implement a village based beef production farming system in three rural villages with below average income levels (Nghia Lam, Nghia Son and Nghia Quang) by Dec 2009 Performance Indicator Three village based beef farming groups established with farmers involved (3x3) as Project Focus Farmers (PFF) Means of Verification Farmers actively involved in the project and cattle monitoring started Assumptions/Risks Update after visit Risks-The families selected to form the PFF’s don’t have the capital and land resources required Delays in cow purchase to make up cow numbers Lack of suitable feed within the first months before new technologies put in place Risks-Lack of understanding of the project structures by Village families and leaders List of farmers from villages given to village leaders to select PFF 23 farmers interviewed and base data collected on all Village based beef production farming system structures enhanced and model farms developed and established within nine months of the project start Undertake baseline survey on social, resources, feed production, animal production and financial situation in project area PFF’s involved with approx 36 cattle under new management Agreements in place and signed Information collected and put into report Data captured and reported back to the farmers Lack of information held in Extension centre Activity 1.1.2 Project work with Farmer assoc and farmers to select PFF’s PFF selected and farmers visited by project team Trip reports presented Activity 1.1.3 Undertake a beef farming training needs analysis with the stakeholders and farmers to identify training needs and skill gaps Run workshops for beef farming training need analysis with farmers and technicians and extension offices Training needs written down and translated Activity 1.1.4 Facilitate 15 x day technical workshops using interactive methods at villages (on-farm) and training centres Assist PFF’s to plant new species, in trial plot of 400 m2 Knowledge up take and increased per cow performance Number of trainees attending Trainees’ involvement Milk production monitored Area plantedx9 Risks- Lack of consensus, lack of local leadership Delay due to weather or other factors There are knowledge gaps, farmers can identify there skill gaps Resources are available, skills are available within the team to cover the skill gaps Lack of commitment by farmers, poor translation or understanding Output 1.1 Activity 1.1.1 Activity 1.1.5 400m2 of new grasses planted and growing Lack of land, poor farmer understanding, lack of water, fertiliser Completed Key Farmers operational Base line data collected from villages, more detailed information will be collected from the PFF over Oct Nov 2007 Completed Key Farmers operational Workshop completed and needs analysis undertaken technical workshops undertaken on silage and nutrient balancing (see training summary small trial plots planted 12 Activity 1.1.6 Assist PFF’s to make silage and conserve feed, Activity 1.1.7 Activity 1.1.8 Take silage samples for analysis Activity 1.1.9 Undertake project visits Write and submit reports, finalise back to back agreements, and maintain an effective project administration system Silage successfully made on PFF’s farms Silage made on PFF’s farms samples analysed for CP CF, Results obtained ME Develop feed and production system evaluation and reports for each technology intervention the project puts in place Successful visits Reports delivered, agreements signed, Visits complete Weather, right people available at the right time Transport Project managers time management Translation delays Travel restrictions due to Avian flu Silage well-liners designed and built for each PFF and 12 trial ones for 19 May co Silage made First samples taken Reports developed on interventions plans (see report) Conception report written, 13 Objective Train five technical trainers and Farmer trainers (ToT; ToF) to build institutional capacity and strengthen the local extension services, farmers and technical expertise in forage, animal nutrition, animal husbandry and animal breeding by Dec 2009 ToT; ToFs identified and profiles evaluated ToT; ToFs trained in modern PRA method and objectively evaluated both in the field and through written projects Projects complete, ToT; ToF’s pass evaluation and are presented with a certificate That a balance of gender can be achieved Education background suitable for ToT; ToF roles Time commitment high to not only complete Training but have ongoing input There are knowledge gaps, technicians and stakeholders can identify there skill gaps Resource are available, skills are available within the team to cover the skill gaps Time commitment by technicians and extension offices Output 2.1 A training and knowledge extension capability needs analysis undertaken with technicians and stakeholders within months of the project start Training needs identified and understood by all stake holders Training needs developed into a training programme Training needs written down and translated Activity 2.1.1 Run workshops for training need analysis with technicians and extension offices Training and extension needs identified and understood by all stake holders Workshop held Number and attendees Activity 2.1.2 Complete training programme in extension methods for the project and technical manual translated Five technical trainers and Farmer trainers (ToT, ToF) selected (at least one from the ABC) and trained on extension methods by January 2008 All training areas identified Programme complete and ready for implementation Certificates of compliance and completion issued by participating Institutes Output 2.2 Five ToT; ToF’s selected, trained, evaluated and presented with certificates of completion There are not animal husbandry technicians in the project site district and 19 May Co technicians have been identified Only out of three villages have farmer technicians, with the third village yet to appoint a farmer technicians This should not affect inplemmentation of the project but may limit extension to other villages This factor will need to be discussed with district officials and CARD office Training needs analysis complete see report Undertaken, and level of understanding and training need identified for some areas Commitment and suitable people involved Given the high male dominance in the animal husbandry area, gender balance will be an issue Language barrier may hinder knowledge up-take It will be important to ensure availability and funding of ToT; ToF’s to ensure continued capacity building after the end of the project There are not animal husbandry technicians in the project site district and 19 May Co technicians have been identified Only out of three villages have farmer technicians, with the third village yet to appoint a farmer technician This should not affect implementation of the 14 project but may limit extension to other villages This factor will need to be discussed with district officials and CARD office Activity 2.2.1 Activity 2.2.2 Husbandry Extension Services, BCFRC and 19th May Company to identify and select trainees after the first visit Run extension methodology workshops with ToT; ToF’s Five ToT; selected with gender Agreement in place balance of high calibre and with parent Institutes commitment to the project of the ToT; Increase in training ability and up-take of technology Each ToT; ToF will be evaluated and assessed at the end of each workshop and provided with feedback Activity 2.2.3 Involve all ToT; ToF’s in technical training at the village level Selecting ToT’s technical modules to deliver in an environment where they can be supported and evaluated by the project team Each ToT delivers modules in a village based training environment covering a range of technical subjects Evaluation sheets completed for each ToT; ToF Activity 2.2.4 Evaluate and measure up-take of knowledge by ToT’s and issue certificates of competence and completion All five ToT’s reach competence levels both in training methodology as well as in beef systems technologies Five certificates issued Trainees implement knowledge gained from training on home farms Increase in production Objective Increase technical knowledge and improve capacity in key stakeholders, technicians and leading farmers through overseas training experience in NZ and China Lack of down stream funding, infrastructural capacity, resources and quality technicians Modern western teaching methods are very different from traditional Asian training, therefore trainees will need to be able to have the ability to operate in a participatory way using a range of multi-media resources Finding ToT’s with strong animal husbandry backgrounds especially in beef may be difficult as well as the fact that the project team will be also learning on the job The certificates issued are not academic qualifications and therefore assessment and evaluation will be subjective and will be undertaken internally by the project team Trainee’s will hold positions that will allow transfer of knowledge directly back to the project site To be completed, more input needed Visit technicians involved in participatory farmer interviews and some capacity building undertaken Visit Still under consideration to where the best training sites are for the project One training planned at the Bavi BCFRC It is planned to take a group of 10 to Thailand for specialised training 15 Output 3.1 Identify key technical capacity gaps with key stakeholders within the first months of the project An innovative training programme developed and a balanced team of trainee’s selected All trainees selected A gender balance may be hard to achieved Activity 3.1.1 Write up technical capacity gaps and develop training programs for in-country and Massey Scholarships Identify training participants and with approval from project leaders and CARD Undertake in-country training visit and Massey Scholarship training and evaluate training Take trainees to NZ for training for 1-2 months Take leaders Australia for training and exposure to tropical farming methods Programme approved by project team Written programme Sign off by project team and CARD Sign off High level of knowledge uptake Evaluation undertaken Capacity gaps too wide and lack of skill level to benefit from experience This will be a consensus issue for some key stakeholders Visa’s maybe hard to get, transfer of funds All trainees complete training successfully All farmers and technicians complete training and evaluation forms A Massey Certificate issue to each trainee Trip complete travel report sent to CARD Visa’s maybe hard to get, transfer of funds Coordination within Australia Activity 3.1.2 Output 3.2 Activity 3.2.1 Activity 3.2.2 Activity 3.2.3 Activity 32.4 Activity 3.2.5 Take in-country training visits for farmers and technicians for training and exposure tonew technologies and tropical farming methods Set each Massey Scholarship Project presentations to project Complete trainee Lack of commitment, participant a project to complete team evaluation forms and trainee see trip as holiday, over the training period and present rank, and copy to report not completed it to the project team at the end of CARD training Project team to provide a written Assessments completed and Complete trainee Lack of commitment, assessment of each training visit presented to participants evaluation forms and trainee see trip as holiday, rank, and copy to report not completed CARD Key gaps identified, ie tropical pasture species, pasture management, nutrient balancing silage making and use/conservation of biproducts Technical gaps identified, training programme still to be finalised to be completed first Massey trainee identified and will undertake training in Oct 2007 see above This is under consideration and to be finalises when better understanding is obtained First training complete at Bavi N/A N/A 16 Objective Provide technical assistance and training for the establishment of a “best practice” 50 cow model farm on 19th May Co land The model farm to act as a nucleus for provision of breeding males as well as a coordinator and facilitator of “best practice” Code of Practice for “Best Practice” developed Breeding program in place Good buy-in from staff High profile and visitor number to maximise extension Farm established and There is lack of skill at all production target met levels Even simple animal handling Output 4.1 Identify key technical capacity gaps and undertake a needs analysis on the model farm within the first months of the project start Needs analysis of technical capacity gaps completed In month report Activity 4.1.1 Plant trial plots of new grass species to evaluate DM/ME production Measure monthly Use bi-products to make trial quantities of silage in bags and bunkers Trial plots planted Results in month report 60 bags of silage made and bunkers Operation complete Availability of product, unsuitable product, failure to ensile Activity 4.1.3 Take silage and grass samples for analysis 20 samples analysis for CP CF, ME Results obtained Output 4.2 Provide technical advise to the model farm managers and technicians and facilitate five technical training workshops by the end of 2008 Farm managers and technicians to complete evaluation forms on knowledge uptake following each workshop In Reports Activity 4.2.1 Provide advice and training for the model farm workshops Identification of subject areas Evaluation forms, list of workshops Availability of Lab, poor quality control, variable results The company will support local farmers Assist farmers to arrange loans and source bi-product feed and supplies That the company will quickly develop technical capability and develop a strong breeding programme Uptake of knowledge due to low staff education and motivation Activity 4.1.2 This objective to be reviewed in July, 19 May co is slow to establish beef unit to form the nucleus This delay and lack of planning is of concern It may require intervention from MART and CARD A full report will be prepared after next visit Attitude to the concept of “On-Farm Best Practice” maybe hard to get across, This has been an issue in other projects Some gaps identified after first visit lay system development, project planning, feed budgeting, animal housing Tropical pasture management etc Lack of technical input, lack water poor monitoring Planning underway for 2nd visit Cassava top, cassava pulp and yellow maize stem identified N/A Two workshop completed on planning and feed requires Lack of animals and a farm structure is a problem Two workshop completed 17 Activity 4.2.2 Develop a breeding program that will best meet the long-term genetic requirements of local farmers Use recording software to calculate BV for selection Agreement on the best animal breeding program for local farmers Report Output 4.3 Use Demonstration farm as demonstration focus for project farmers , extension results and report on technologies Report on the sustainable and effectiveness of the nucleus farm and make recommendations Run open days for project farmers and technicians Opens days held and local experts visit and have input into the process Open days held visits recorded Reports developed and translated Reports developed and translated Open days held List of attendees obtained and recorded Activity 4.3.1 Activity 4.3.2 The availability of good genetic stock and the ability to identify or progeny test them Money to purchase good animals Good records available, cost increases of stock due to high demand Failure of demonstration plots, bad weather Requires further investigation before recommendations can be made Time commitment by staff, lack of money to implement some aspects Time commitment by staff, lack of money to implement some aspects N/A N/A N/A 18 ... gaps and develop training programs for in-country and Massey Scholarships Identify training participants and with approval from project leaders and CARD Undertake in-country training visit and. .. defined Annex - Project Progress Against Proposed Objectives, Outputs, Activities And Inputs 12 1 Institute Information Project Name Nghe An Province, sustainable village based beef cattle development,. .. technicians and extension offices Training and extension needs identified and understood by all stake holders Workshop held Number and attendees Activity 2.1.2 Complete training programme in extension