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300 Sentence Transformation I don’t think the television’s likely to blow up at any minute likehood This car only cost me five hundred pounds picked Someone paid five thousands pounds for the painting went We have made neither a profit nor a loss this year.even In 1967 programs began to be transmitted in colours.advent I find Harold’s behavior quite incomprehensible.loss The severity of the punishment bore no relation to the seriousness of the crime.proportion I’m afraid our problems are just beginning.iceberg In the area, Thailand is much better than all other countries in football.shoulders 10 Thomas was not given details of the company’s new project.Dark 11 I was too scare to tell him what I really thought lacked 12 The police ended the fighting between the two gangs by arresting the leaders.stop 13 travelling alone is not just a matter of taking a good guidebook with you.more 14 The way he took everything she did for granted really annoyed her ( BACK ) 15 She was so anxious while the results were read out ( BREATH ) 16 The house shouldn’t be left unlocked for any reason ( ACCOUNT ) 17 A huge investment has been put into the field of solar-electricity.( INVEST ) 18 Alice was not a confident person, and that was why she was so shy ( DUE ) 19 When I started work, I was so inexperienced that I couldn’t send a fax CLUE 20 What you have been saying is quite irrelevant BEDISE 21 Please stop criticizing everybody! DOWN 22 We don’t expect that the missing climbers have survived HOLD 23 Helen’s report is rather unclear in places LACKING 24 Everybody in the audience stood to applaud the actor’s performance STANDING 25 Taxpayers had to pay the cost of the privatization plan FOOT 26 The fact that he will never race again is something he cannot accept TERMS 27 A government official leaked the story to the world press WIND 28 Building societies will have to guard against their rivals LAURELS 29 He is becoming quite famous as an interviewer NAME 30 He makes sure that he isn't associated with policies he disagrees with DISTANCES 31 I really don't know what you're talking about FAINTEST 32 I feel I am not being treated fairly RAW 33 Someone paid five thousand pounds for the painting WENT 34 You can walk to the station easily from the hotel DISTANCE 35 Pauline isn’t one of the people who know the secret ON 36 We don’t expect that the missing climbers have survived HOLD 37 You must accept the fact that she has left you TERMS 38 He was not given details of the company’s new plans DARK 39 Stop criticizing everybody! (Down) 40 Terry has just insured her life (out) 41 In the end it was discovered that Joe was the thief (OUT) 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 I need a calculator to arrive at the total (OUT) I met your friend David the other day (INTO) I think you’ve been overcharged, old son! (OFF) I think we should increase the pressure on her to resign (UP) I won’t allow swearing in my classroom (FOR) The company was bought up by a large multinational (OVER) Your story is different from the facts (WITH) She feels uncomfortable when people tell her how beautiful she is EMBARRASSES Don’t you remember anything about your lifetime in London as a child? (RECOLLECTION) 51 Any correspondence from the Canberra office must be dealt with before other matters (PRIORITY) 52 I advise you not to believe what you read in the papers about me (RELIANCE) 53 “I don’t mind where the money goes as long as the people are the real beneficiaries” (MATTER) 54 Critics are hoping the new director can bring some postive changes into the French film industry breath 55 The terrorists attack on the Capital Trade Center was very much like the 11-9 attack on the WTO building carbon 56 It is very difficult to give the exact value of a table like this, but it’s probably worth about $5000 figure 57 Five boys on a motorbike at the speed of 60mph is very likely to end up in hospital receipe 58 Detectives had stopped working on the Hornsey murders case three years previously book 59 He is very good at cooking spaghetti dab 60 We all want to make him realise that he is not as important as he thinks size 61 He really disappointed me when breaking the promise to help me out teeth 62 He died, having nothing of his own name 63 Have a look at this picture It may help you to remember something jog 64 Motorists are jamming the streets as they slow down to see the wall paintings hold ups 65 He is becoming quite famous as an interviewer name 66 Social scientists find it hard to accept that the fall in the birth rate is responsble for the old age of our society resistance 67 Every possible effort was made by the orphanage to find the boy’s parents stone 68 The minister gave no precise figures about the casualities go into 69 The new musical has delighted theatre audiences throughout the country storm 70 They’ve been arguing about the motorway extension for years bone 71 My father doesn’t approve of my borrowing so much money from a person like John view 72 I like her a lot affection 73 You look as if something unpleasant has happened to you wars 74 It’s brillian film – I laughed uncontrolably all through the way head 75 She finds grammar exercies extremely boring stiff 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 I’ll have to wait before I know whether he’ll keep his promise or not remains He was so worried that his mind couldn’t function normally straight They’ll cause a lot of trouble cat Some people say that there’s hardly any difference between love and hate line She can buy anything she wants – She’s very rich rolling A rise in temperature in the next century seems likely chance You must accept the fact that she has left you resign I just didn’t know what to say lost They arrived at the station with only a minute to spare nick They sent him to prison for three years sentenced I don’t intend to tell you my plans intention Tim looks nothing like his father take He watched videos all day entire I don’t think she likes doing other people’s work for them objects I didn’t agree with the idea favor Teaching doesn’t suit her cut I never thought of going by train occur He is very likely to come probability The cause of the explosion is still unknown caused The train is minutes late in leaving due The rain was coming down in torrent dogs Organic vegetables are said to be health wonders He is determined to become a doctor heart Mary got married without her parents’ knowledge unaware John spent all his time working devoted The desk was too crowded for him to put his book down room There is no hot water because the centre heating has broken down order the young man was very embarrassed because his proposal was turned down rejection Find out more about working conditions before you contact the manager Until She stressed the importance of keeping the family together Emphasis They share a lot of hobbies and interests common Pandas need a special diet, without which they perish unless It is roughly estimated that some turtles lay 28 thousands eggs a year average It is not worth trying to save endangered species waste Many species of the wildlife are threatned with extinction danger The Prime Minister resigned because of his sudden illness resulted The news of the merger came as a complete surprise to the workers aback Kate has finally accepted that their friendship is over terms William tried to remain imprtial in the quarrel between his two cousins sides There is a risk that the black rhino will become extinct threatened She has always had a good relationship with the children got The new plans for the school have been approved by the authorities met Don’t tell the boss anything about this breathe We have more important things to at the moment fish 120 The accused became very emotional overcome 121 Naturally, they will deduct points if you arrive late penalised 122 The model’s clothes lay all over the floor strewn 123 Our new director wants you to call her “Madam” addressed 124 I can’t say I enjoy it when people tear my writing to pieces in front of me having 125 We’ll have to make up our minds by the ed of the week, won’t we? be 126 It’s just possible the hotel may need more staff in the summer ruled 127 Surely nobody likes it when people make fun of them in public being 128 Never forget that the customer is always right borne 129 This school-leaver’s qualifications are not adequate for such a damanding job, are they? sufficiently 130 When she left home, she had to everything on her own fend 131 I’m afraid I’ll be a bit late because something unexpected has happened cropped 132 He’ll probably get here late; he usually does liable 133 It’s not certain whether I’ll be able to pay the bills this month touch 134 It’s impossible to predict howlong it will take to this telling 135 When I make my complaint, I hope that you will say you agree with me back 136 Many people believe that the death penalty deters criminals deterent 137 She was nervous about going to the doctor’s, so I went woth her so that she wouldn’t be alone moral 138 He offers them more money to encourage them to the job quickly incentive 139 He has always done things to help her in her career supported 140 Many customs restrictions within the EC have been abolished away.on 141 At the moment I can’t afford to buy a new car question 142 I assume you are hungry granted 143 I knoe I can convince Dave that I’m right about this matter Bring 144 Students at the school are not allowed to go into the Rainbow Disco Bounds 145 He has changed his opinion on the house Heart 146 I treated him in the same way as he had treated me Paid 147 Mr Pat was completely shocked on hearing the bad news Arms 148 Mrs Smith is on a diet and she eats very little Bird 149 She was really crazy about him Head 150 She bagan to suffer from irrational fears Prey 151 Who will inherit the estate? Heir 152 The final version of the plan was quite different from the initial draft resemblance 153 His irresponsible attitute is endangering his career as a doctor Jeopardy 154 You should excuse his bad manners, he’s only a child allowances 155 The candle fell over and made the barn start burning Light 156 City-dwellers often get depressed nowadays Prone 157 Fortunately, the boat didn’t sink Stroke 158 Bill reckoned that his succeess was due to incredible luck Put 159 I’ve considered the advantages and disadvantages and I’ve decided not to go Weighed 160 After a while I realised that I’ve made a terrible mistake Dawned 161 When she left her home, she had to everything on her own Fend 162 I was not sure whether to go with him or not Minds 163 Nowadays we often buy goods and pay for them later Credit 164 I sufferd from obsessive and agonising thoughts prey 165 The first sign of the disease is a feeling of faintness onset 166 As an antidote to their disaapoitnment, he bought them iec-cream offset 167 I travel by bus only when I have no alternative resort 168 Bill reckoned that his success was due to incredible luck put 169 Don’t forget those who are at work on this lovely sunny day! Spare 170 The impression most people have of him is that he is an honest person Comes 171 The incident ruined my chances of promotion Paid 172 She began to suffer from irrational fear Prey 173 I can’t understand why they are reluctant to sign the contract Baffled 174 There isn’t much that Peter doesn’t know about modern art Gaps 175 Bob has a habit of upsetting people unintentionally Inclined 176 Martin’s habit of taking risks doesn’t fit in with his image as a family man Compatible 177 John really must attend the meeting Crucial 178 Sally became known throughout the country as a result of her popular TV series Household 179 John made his teacher very angry Incurred 180 He used to be a teacher, so he really knows what it’s like in the classrom Firsthand 181 She writes notes on everything that was said at the meeting Record 182 They could not warn people by electronic mail because that might spread the computer virus Fear 183 Jane is likely to be promoted Chance 184 The cost of the excursion is part of the price of the holiday includes 185 Charles and his brother are exactly alike look as 186 What are you thinking at the moment? Mind 187 What about going to the new film at the Rex tonight? We 188 You will find me waiting outside the station Be 189 Scientists are on the point of making a vital brakthrough About 190 I work in a factory which has 1,500 employeess 1,500-employee 191 Just after solving one problem I was faced with another When 192 It is my impression that she is enjoying her new job a great deal Seems 193 Mary rang hours and hours ago That 194 He is so familiar with his wife that he no longer appreciates her full value Granted 195 Knowledge without common sense is of little importance Counts 196 She is not poor at all; in fact, she is quite rich Means 197 A new house is impossible – we can not afford it question 198 The fact that the judge had been involved in some illegal activities was not revealed until several years after his death Light 199 Don’t forget those who are at work on this lovely, sunny day! spare 200 The severity of the punishment bore no relation to the seriousness of the crime Proportion 201 The impression most people have of him is that he is an honest person Comes 202 The manager told his staff that he was pleased, but he could better Room 203 My father is going to be really angry when he finds out that I’ve lost the car keys Wall 204 If you don’t like the idea then just say so I believe you should always speak frankly spade 205 We’d get the job finished much quicker if everyone worked as hard as everyone else Weight 206 If things go wrong, James, whatever you do, don’t panic Head 207 You have said exactly the right thing nail 208 His shop has now stopped trading after making heavy losses Business 209 He began to homework as soon as he arrived home Got 210 I think you should go by train Were 211 Cheques should only be accepted with proof of identity Never 212 Most people can understand him when he speaks English Understand 213 Even if we don’t like the idea, we’ll have to go with her Whether 214 Please go straight to the check – in desk when you arrive at the airport On 215 She has extensive knowledge of Ancient Egypt Very 216 At the moment I can’t afford to buy a new car Question 217 He unwillingly asked her for help Turned 218 Unfortunately, all his efforts were unsuccessful Nothing 219 MR.Kenedy received a gold medal for his service to the country Recognition 220 The effect on these pills only lasts for hours Off 221 I need someone to take my place at the ceremony Stand 222 He gets very annoyed when you criticize him Bull 223 Tim tried to be like one of his heros when he was a young musician Modeled 224 The claim to provide the best service in business, but I think that can be questioned Dispute 225 You should punish him serverely so that others will be afraid to behave as he did Example 226 The boy does whatever his father wants in an obedient way Attendance 227 I really reget to have lost the opportunity to gat the promotion Boat 228 I am sure it will snow tomorrow Bound 229 Could I stay with you in Chicago for a few days, John? Put 230 Unexpevtedly, we did not have enough food for the guests which 231 The reason why the two cars collided has been unknown No 232 Our teacher never let us leave the school To 233 Attendance at the additional evening lectures is not obligatory fo students Under 234 You must keep this door closed at all times when the red light is illuminated Acount 235 As a reslut of bad weather, there may be delays on some international flights Subject 236 Students at the school are not allowed to go into the Rain Bow Disco Bounds 237 The offer of a job will only be confirmed following a sucessful medical examination Completed 238 It is highly unlikely that the meeting will end before Chances 239 When I realized how much it was going to cost, I changed my mind Realization 240 I didn’t feel like doing anything energetic Mood 241 Although he was over slept, Clive wasn’t late for work Up 242 I am not trying to make you feel any worse about this Wish 243 It’s whether we’ll be able to afford it or not that I’m not sure about What 244 Jeremy frequently events ridiculous stories like that! Make 245 He plays computer games all day Entire 246 Tim looks nothing like his father Take 247 He talked about nothing except the weather Sole 248 As soon as Grandad appeared you could bet something would go wrong with the television Guaranteed 249 Can that film be seen by the general public yet? Release 250 If we accpet that majority attribute of industrial societies is achievement, then the laws of that society must apply to everyone Given 251 It is unjustified to prepurpose that all men are stronger than women Assumption 252 In 1939 World War II broke out Advent 253 Mr.Bill managed to repair the garage roof only because his neighbour helped him Without 254 Travellers consider themselves superior to those who lead a more sedentary life Down 255 The fact that he will never race again is something he cannot accept Terms 256 I could tell by the tone of his voice how serious the situstion was Home 257 Local residents said they were against the new traffic scheme disapproval 258 Whatever happens, we must avoid adverse publicity costs 259 This is the fisrt time I’ve seen her in my life Set 260 It’s unlikely he’ll be picked for the Olympic swimming team Chances 261 I know I can convince Dave that I’m right about this matter Bring 262 He is different form his brother in almost all respects Bears 263 We wouldn’t want to restrict the freedom of the students in any way Impose 264 I suddenly realized the meaning of a “freebie” Dawned 265 I wantedto learn Russian before I visited Moscow Without 266 When I noticed it was formal dress, it was too late Until 267 Don’t panic about something so trivial Mountain 268 She has always had a good relationship with the children Got 269 You’d be better if you had a quiet holiday Do 270 What Rachel does in her spare time doesn’t concern me business 271 Only final-year students are allowed to use the main college car park restricted 272 The final version of the plan was quite different from the initial draft resemblance LEXICO AND GRAMMAR 1 Because of the dominance of retail chain-stores, most shopping centers show the same bland _ and no imagination A similarity B likeness C equality D uniformity She wears the most _ color combinations you could ever imagine A hiding B hideout C hidebound D hideous It would help _ me, if you could go to the Post Office for me A totally B absolutely C enormously D largely The plastic surgery must have cost the , but there’s no denying she looks younger A world B planet C universe D earth A few of the older campers were sent home after a week as they were A lenient B erratic C unruly D indulgent When they advertised the job, they were with application A dense B filled C plentiful D inundated I suppose he could _ have reached the summit on his own, but I doubt it A conceivably B credibly C imaginatively D believably Be _ as it may, I am afraid any kind of financial compensation is out of the question A it B that C this D which In time-honoured _, the chairman offered a toast to the shop-floor workers A protocol B way C fashion D procedure 10 I had to get through a lot of _ tape, but I finally got the documents I needed A red B blue C black D yellow 11 His new play is not only interesting but also unique It is really off the beaten A track B road C path D route 12 He tends to act impulse, especially when he is together with his best friends A at B on C by D with 13 The river is with increasing load of household rubbish A soaked B burdened C saturated D choked 14 The dispute was eventually resolved by a(n) decision of the arbitrator A interested B uninterested C disinterested D uninteresting 15 Being out of $20,000 by his best friend, he swears not to put trust in anybody A done B made C cheated D tricked 16 The project manager animatedly as he spoke about his experiences in the jungle A advanced B looked C noticed D gestured 17 He seemed very quiet, but it would be a mistake to his intelligence A devalue B depreciate C undermine D minimize 18 “Don’t look so worried! You should take the boss’s remarks with a of salt.” A teaspoon B pinch C grain D dose 19 The ceremony was one hour late as the organisers hadn’t for such an adverse weather condition A expected B bargained C calculated D supposed 20 Why you object to him being taken on – he’ll be a(n) to the company? A property B estate C asset D material 21 John did nine hours’ studying a day for his exam A strong B solid C heavy D big 22 I suppose I lent the book to Simon, but I’m almost sure I didn’t A might B could C might have D must have 23 People were injured by stones the size of tennis balls A sleet B gale C hail D snow 24 The police off the street when the bomb had gone off A cordoned B battened C fastened D shuttered 25 “Were you told to get dinner ready?” “No, I did it of my own .” A desire B accord C idea D will 26 Many Asian countries still rely on rice as the food A staple B capital C superior D winning 27 He was arrested for trying to pass notes at the bank A camouflaged B fake C counterfeit D fraudulent 28 He offered me $500 to break my contract That’s A bribery B blackmail C compensation D reward 29 I recognise that voice, but I can’t quite it A know B realize C place D pull 30 It’s so bad to have a boss who all the time A breathes down your B follows your C keeps your D draws your neck nose temper eyes 31 The estate company is now their new apartment building A hiring B chartering C leasing D mortgaging 32 He still suffers from a rare tropical disease which he while in Africa A infected B complained C gained D contracted 33 The athlete is now making his last attempt the world 100-meter breastroke record A in B at C for D on 34 Can you stuck your shirt your trousers? A on B around C into D at 35 Jack at the map for a while, unable to belive his eyes A stared B glimpsed C glanced D gazed 36 The minister has, in a of speaking, resigned A style B format C form D manner 37 Oliver was the worse for his experience in the Bolivian jungle A no B nothing C none D hardly 38 Each of the five peace plans will be judged on A its own pros B its own merits C its own strength D its own benefit 39 As there is little hope of being rescued, I have myself to the worst A resigned B convinced C regarded D reminded 40 Let me please my memory before I get down to answering the questions A resume B ease C awake D refresh 41 “How did you know that he was lying?” – “It was just a feeling.” A faint B gut C slight D vain 42 She’s a bit down in the at the moment – her husband has just lost his job A world B dumps C heart D bottom 43 I’m afraid we haven’t got a spare bed Can you _ with a mattress on the floor? A make B make by C make over D make up 44 The train _ the bay and then turned inland for twenty miles A coasted B skirted C edged D sided 45 The new company had been with one problem after another and looked as if it were about to go under A glorified B tainted C fraught D bewildered 46 As they travelled across the landscape, each one of them wondered how it was possible to grow anything there A barren B bustling C grimy D mundane 47 Mike decided that election to the local council would provide a to a career in national politics A milestone B springboard C highway D turning point 48 As a poet, I think she comparison with the greatest this century A stands B makes C leads D matches 49 We all have to follow the rules, and none of us is the law A beyond B over C above D onto 50 I didn’t _out to be a millionaire – I just wanted to run a successful business A set B go C begin D Watch 51 Ever since we quarreled in the office, Janice and I have been enemies A assured B confirmed C defined D guaranteed 52 Police are the town for the missing vehicle A seeking B looking C investigating D combing 53 The jury her compliments on her excellent knowledge of the subject A paid B gave C made D said 54 He was blinded by the of the approaching car’s headlights A gleam B glare C glow D flare advertisements Along with them, Sri Lanka, like so many other developing countries, may have imported a problem that once never existed 21 A qualified 22 A free 23 A maximum 24 A rates 25 A point 26 A made 27 A promise 28 A set 29 A packets 30 A very Part B concerned B in pieces B most B amounts B case B set B advantage B range B packs B just C worried D experienced C bit by bit D loose C highest D best C sizes D levels C example D question C given D put C evidence D sight C store D band C packaging D pecks C similar D likely VIETNAM TOURISM GUIDE Vietnam is one of Southeast Asia’s most beautiful countries, attracting travellers to its lush mountains, bustling cities and golden sand beaches (31) _ rapid modernisation in Vietnam’s urban centres of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh, time-honoured traditions (32) _ intact amongst the locals There are numerous ancient landmarks and colonial structures that have survived throughout the (33) _ and scrapes of history Buddhist shrines can be found next to towering skyscrapers, (34) _ you can experience vibrant festivals and ceremonies dating back hundreds of years Long, sandy beaches are (35) _ to luxurious resorts and fine-dining venues, making them ideal romantic getaways, while expansive rice (36) _ on the hills make for excellent hiking excursions (37) _ you’re planning a historical tour of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh, a relaxing beach break or simply want to escape the bustling city life, our Vietnam travel guide caters (38) _ just about any holiday preference If this is your first time to Vietnam, getting to know the country’s many cultural issues, festivals, and customs allows you to (39) _ experience the local lifestyle as you get to enjoy vibrant celebrations and religious (40) that you won’t find in other places We’ve also compiled other local information you may need during your travels to help you further understand this unique country Part The issues for 41 economies are a little more straightforward The desire to build on undeveloped land is not 42 out of desperation or necessity, but is a result of the relentless march of progress Cheap labour and a relatively highly-skilled workforce make these countries highly competitive and there is a flood of inward investment, particularly from 43 looking to take advantage of the low wages before the cost and standard of living begin to rise It is factors such as these that are making many Asian economies extremely attractive when viewed as investment opportunities at the moment Similarly, in Africa, the relative 44 of precious metals and natural resources tends to attract a lot of 45 companies and a whole sub-industry develops around and is completely dependent on this foreign-direct investment It is understandable that countries that are the focus of this sort of attention can lose sight of the environmental implications of large-scale industrial development, and this can have devastating consequences for the natural world And it is a 46 cycle because the more industrially active a nation becomes, the greater the demand for and harvesting of natural resources For some, the environmental issues, though they can hardly be ignored, are viewed as a 47 concern Indeed, having an environmental conscience or taking environmental matters into consideration when it comes to decisions on whether or not to build rubber-tree 48 or grow biofuel crops would be quite 49 indeed For those involved in such schemes it is a pretty black-and-white issue And, for vast 50 of land in Latin America, for example, it is clear that the welfare of the rainforests matters little to local government when vast sums of money can be made from cultivating the land 41 A.emerging B emergent C convergent D resurgent 42 A.grown B born C bred D arisen 43 A.multinationals B migrants C continentals D intercontinentals 44 A.premonition B abundance C amplitude D accumulation 45 A.exploitation B exploration C surveyance D research 46 A.vacuous B viscous C vexatious D vicious 47 A.parallel B extrinsic C peripheral D exponential 48 A.plantations B homesteadsC ranches D holdings 49 A.proscriptive B prohibitive C prospective D imperative 50 A.regions B plots C tracts D sectors Part Despite the continued resilience of those early town perks, it wasn't until the Depression that modern Hershey started to take (1) ………… Perhaps the only town in the country actually to prosper during the 1930s, it thrived because Hershey vowed his Utopia would never be on the (2) ………… Instead he funded a massive building boom that gave (3) ………… to the most visited buildings in today's Hershey and delivered wages to more than 600 workers He admitted that his (4) ………… were partly selfish: "If I don't provide work for them, I’ll have to feed them And since building materials are now at their lowest cost levels, I'm going to build and give them jobs." He seems to have spared no (5) ………….; most of the new buildings were strikingly opulent The first to be finished was the three-milliondollar limestone Community Centre, home to the 1,904-seat Venetian-style Hershey Community Theatre, which has played (6) ………… since 1933 to touring Broadway shows and to music, dance, and opera performances It offers just as much to look at when the lights are on and the curtains closed The floors in the aptly (7) ………… Grand Lobby are polished Italian lava rock, surrounded by marble walls and capped with a bas-relief ceiling showing (8) ………… of wheat, beehives, swans, and scenes from Roman mythology With dazzling inner foyer, Hershey (9) ………… his nose even harder at the ravages of the Depression: The arched ceiling is tiled in gold, the fire curtain bears a painting of Venice, and the ceiling is studded with 88 tiny lightbulbs to re-create a star-(10) ………… night Part It only requires the completion of the reconstruction of the human genetic map for a whole host of hereditary diseases to be (11) Originally, it was forecast that the venture would take until the beginning of the 21st century to be accomplished At present, it is clear that the task can be finished much earlier Hundreds of scholars have gone to (12) _ to help unravel the mystery of the human genetic structure with an ardent hope for (13) mankind from disorders such as cancer, cystic fibrosis or arthritis The progress in this incredible undertaking is (14) by an accurate interpretation of the information contained in the chromosomes forming the trillions of the cells in the human body Locating and characterizing every single gene may sound an implausible assignment, but very considerable (15) _ has already been made What we know by now is that the hereditary code is assembled in DNA, some parts of which may be diseased and (16) _ to the uncontrollable transmission of the damaged code from parents to their children Whereas work at the completion of the human genom may last for a few years more, notions like gene therapy or genetic engineering don't (17) _ much surprise any longer Their potential application has already been (18) _ in the effective struggle against many viruses or in the genetic treatment of blood disorders The hopes are, then, that hundreds of maladies that humanity is (19) _ with at present might eventually cease to exist in the not too (20) future 11 A terminated B interfered C eradicated D disrupted 12 A maximum B utmost C supreme D extremes 13 A liberating B surviving C insulating D averting 14 A dependent B reliant C qualified D conditioned 15 A headline B heading C headway D headship 16 A amiable B conceivable C evocative D conducive 17 A evoke B institute C discharge D encourage 18 A examined B inquired C accounted D corroborated 19 A aggravated B teased C persecuted D plagued 20 A far-away B outlying C distant D imminent Part ECOTOURISM Snacking on green ants is (21) _ everyone’s idea of the most delicious holiday indulgence, but on a recent walk through the Daintree rainforest in Queensland, Australia, Aboriginal guide Kirsty Norris assured a group of uncertain guests that the traditional food source of her KukuYalanji tribe was (22) _ a try She (23) _ have been right - but luckily for the native ants and the tourists, rain came streaming down through the canopy, sending (24) _ possible food scurrying for cover Connecting with nature isn’t a compulsory (25) _ of a stay at an environmentally friendly resort, but at the Daintree Eco Lodge, (26) _ tree-house villas are set on stilts above the compound’s waterfall-fed creek, many people find (27) doing a bit of communing while they relax (28) _ ecotourism is increasing in popularity, recording heady growth worldwide, it is still difficult to define For some travellers, ecotourism means eavesdropping (29) _ nature from the comfort of a plush bed with a magnificent view For (30) _, it’s about doing without hot showers and trekking across wildernesses However, industry watchers say the category’s basic tenet is minimal environmental impact combined with some contribution to education and conservation Part THE CHANGING FACE PF BRITAIN It seemed to the generation Britons alive before the Second World War that their way of life would (31) _.for many years to come However, the war caused a (32) _ in British life that completely changed the (33) _ What had been a fairly (34) _ society up to that point, with people sharing many basic beliefs and values, underwent (35) _ changes after the war The (36) _ was away from fixed social roles and towards a more dynamic society Britain began to (37) _ into its present form and many ideas that are accepted today, such as a large amount of freedom for teenagers, were at the time (38) _ and exciting New and (39) _ music and fashion had a great influence on young people and he whole of Britain become less (40) _ 31 a sustain b maintain c last d be 32 a revolution b revision c rotation d rejection 33 a social statusb status quo c status symbol d high status 34 a uniform b same c similar d identical 35 a refined b potential c alternative d radical 36 a reform b trend c fashion d decay 37 a refine b progress c substitute d evolve 38 a novel b mature c alternate d steady 39 a internal b incoherent c innate d innovative 40 a conservativeb concerned c convinced d contained Part Sugar tastes sweet because of thousands of receptors on the tongue which connect the substance with the brain The taste of sweetness is (41) _ accepted as the most pleasurable known although it is a fructose Abundant is the most common occurring sugar, sources of which include fruit and honey Sucrose which supplies glucose to the body, is (42) _ from the sugar cane plant, and white sugar (pure sucrose) is used by food technologists to (43) _ sweetness in other substances Approximately a dozen artificial (44) _ have been discovered; one of the earliest was Sorbitol from France Manufacturers (45) _ large amounts of sugar to foodstuffs but never more than the maximum (46) _ to produce the optimum pleasurable taste Surprisingly, this (47) _ is similar for different people and in different cultures No one has (48) _ discovered a way to predict whether a substance will taste sweet, and it was by (49) _ alone that all the (50) _ chemical sweeteners were found to be sweet WORD FORM Fill each gap with the correct form of the words in brackets George gave the child a _of sweets ( HAND) Our class team has won five football match ( SUCCEED) The _have discovered the laws of inheritance ( GENE) Thousands of patients' lives have been made better by the application of cloning genes ( MEASURE) His actions in destroying the tapes were _ ( DEFEND) This margarine is full of _ - just look at the label! ( ADD) That one kiss had left her with excitement.( BREATH) She is employed by the president in an capacity.( ADVISE) She was charged with _ bank records.( FALSE) 10 Nobody wants to make friends with a/ an person ( HEART) Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the numbered spaces provided When jazz began to lose its reputation as “low-down” music and to gain well-deserved acclaim among (11) intelligent _, musicians began to feature many instruments previously considered (12) appropriate _ for jazz Whereas before 1950s, jazz musicians played only eight basic (13) instrument _in strict tempo, in this decade, they started to (14) improvisation _on the flute, Electric organ, piccolo, accordion, cello, and even bagpipes, with the rhythm section composed for strings or piano Big bands no longer dominated jazz, and most changes emerged from small combos Jazz continued to move in new (15) direct during the 1960s And in the 1970s, musicians blended jazz and rock music into (16) fuse jazz which combined the melodies and the improvisations of jazz with the rhythmic qualities of rock ‘n’ roll The form of jazz music was (17) great affected by electric instruments and electronic implements to (18) intensely , distort, or amplify their sounds However, the young musician of the time felt (19) compel to include a steady, swinging rhythm which they saw a permanent and (20) essence element in great jazz Fill in the bracket with the correct form of the words 21 Many teachers expressed serious _ about the new tests GIVE