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Từ chỉ số lượng trong tiếng Anh
EXPRESSION OF QUANTITY 1. SOME - Dùng trước danh từ đếm được số nhiều hoặc danh từ không đến được trong câu khẳng định Ex: I want some coffee. She needs some eggs. - Đôi khi dùng trong câu hỏi (mời ai dùng thêm gì hoặc đề nghị lịch sự) Ex: Would you like some more coffee? May I go out for some drink? 2. ANY - Thường dùng trước danh từ đếm được hoặc không đếm được trong câu phủ định hoặc nghi vấn Ex: Do you want any suger? Does her need any eggs? Exercise 1: Fill SOME/ ANY in the blanks 1. Will you have tea? 2. You’re expecting one to call, aren’t you? 3. Haven’t I given you money this week? I must have forgotten you. 4. If you haven’t money, you can get from the bank. 5. Please buy butter for mother. 6. I have new dresses. 7. She doesn’t want ice-cream. 8. I have bought furniture. 9. Why don’t you ask the bank for money? 3. MOST/ MOST OF - Most dùng trước danh từ đếm được số nhiều hoặc không đếm được. - Most là từ xác định trong cấu trúc: most + N, most + adj + N Ex: Most children are fond of sweets. Most beautiful material is expensive. - Most of dùng trước cụm danh từ số ít hoặc số nhiều. Các cụm danh từ đứng sau most of thường xác định (phải có “the, these, those” hoặc tính từ sở hữu “my, his, her, their, our, its”) Most of + determiner/ pronoun Ex: Most of these children are intelligent. He has finished most of the exercises in this book. 4. MUCH, MANY, A GREAT DEAL OF, A LARGE NUMBER OF, A LOT OF… With countable nouns With uncountable noun Many A large number of A great number of Plenty of A lot of/ lots of Much A great deal of A large amount of Plenty of A lot of/ lots of Ex: I don’t have much time for night clubs. There are so many people here. A large amount of air pollution comes from industry. She has got a great deal of homework today. I spend a lot of time watching TV. There are plenty of eggs in the fridge. There is plenty of milk in the bottle. I saw a lot of flowers in the garden. A large number of students are good. 5. FEW, A FEW, LITTLE, A LITTLE a. Few, a few - Dùng trước danh từ đếm được - Few: rất ít, hầu như không có Ex: I have few friends in that city. - A few: một vài Ex: You can see a few houses on the hill. b. Little, a little - Dùng trước danh từ không đếm được - Little: rất ít Ex: I understood little of what he said. - A little: một ít, một chút Ex: I need a little help to move this box. Exercise 2: Choose the correct words 1. He doesn’t have (many/ much) money. 2. I would like (a few/ a little) salt on my vegetables. 3. She bought (much/ many) cards to send to us. 4. There are (less/ fewer) boys than girls in this class. 5. I don’t want (some/ any) eggs but I want (some/ any) cheese. 6. Would you like (less/ fewer) coffee? 7. They have given (a large number of/ a great deal of) time on training. 8. I can drink (a few/ a little) wine. 9. How (much/ many) pounds of butter does she want? 10. This jacket costs too (much/ many). Exercise 3: Fill in each of the blanks with: a great deal of/ a large number of/ much (of)/ many (of), (a) little (of0, (a) few (of) 1. How money have you got. 2. trees are cut to make paper everyday. 3. I have got homework to do today. 4. They have found mistakes in the accounts. 5. Can you speak English? Just . 6. Would you like coffee? Yes, please. But put sugar in it. 7. If you have knowledge of English grammar, you can’t make correct sentences. 8. I had time to look after my children, so I had to send them to kindergarten. 9. How these children are qualified for the job? 10. She puts too sugar in the coffee. It’s too sweet to drink. . With uncountable noun Many A large number of A great number of Plenty of A lot of/ lots of Much A great deal of A large amount of Plenty of A lot of/ lots of Ex: I don’t have much time for night. too (much/ many). Exercise 3: Fill in each of the blanks with: a great deal of/ a large number of/ much (of) / many (of) , (a) little (of0 , (a) few (of) 1. How money have you got. 2. trees are. large amount of air pollution comes from industry. She has got a great deal of homework today. I spend a lot of time watching TV. There are plenty of eggs in the fridge. There is plenty of milk