[...]... and NPPR sensors y 6 Biosensing with surface- enhanced Raman scattering 6.1 SERS mechanism 6.1.1 Raman scattering 6.1.2 Surface enhancement 6.1.3 SERS substrates 6.2 Biosensing with SERS 6.2.1... University, Skjernvej 4A, DK-9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark Nanophotonics with Surface Plasmons Advances in Nano-Optics and Nano-Photonics ISSN: 1871-0018 1 V.M Shalaev & S Kawata (Editors) r 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V DOI: 10.1016/S1871-0018(06)02001-2 Contents Page y 1 Introduction 3 y 2 Fundamentals of long-range surface plasmon polaritons 5 y 3 Basic waveguide... monitors are presented in Sections 5 and 6, respectively The chapter terminates with the outlook in Section 7 § 2 Fundamentals of long-range surface plasmon polaritons It has been long known that any interface between two media having dielectric susceptibilities with opposite signs of their real parts can support propagation of surface waves (polaritons), whose fields decrease exponentially into both neighbor... increase in the propagation loss with the increasing asymmetry is accompanied with the change from a symmetrical LRSPP mode depth profile to an asymmetrical one (inset of fig 3(b)) Further increase of the refractive index difference (more than 70.006) will create a conventional slab waveguide formed by a polymer layer with a higher refractive index surrounded by two media with lower refractive indexes,... substrate surface, it is a rough polymer surface that sets, in our case, a 10–15 nm limit on the thickness of a film exhibiting thickness variations on the scale much smaller than the thickness itself In order to study the LRSPP mode profile the output intensity distribution from a stripe waveguide was monitored with a microscope arrangement imaging the waveguide output on an infrared vidicon camera with. .. structure with an infinitely wide metal film is analyzed resulting in the vertical LRSPP mode profile and the effective index, which is used in the second step as the refractive index of a core in the slab waveguide configuration (the core thickness is considered equal to the stripe width) The waveguide analysis at the second step provides us with the lateral mode profile (parallel to the sample surface) ... waveguides involved spin coating of a silicon substrate (400 or 600 ) with a layer of polymer BCB having a thickness of 13–15 mm and then with a layer of UV resist material Straight stripe waveguides and various waveguide structures were patterned using standard UV lithography, gold deposition and liftoff As a final fabrication step the spin coating with the top cladding, comprising another 13to 15-mm-thick BCB... due to the resonant material response, e.g., at the long-wavelength side of plasmon resonance in metals (i.e., the resonance 6 Dynamic components utilizing long-range surface plasmon polaritons [1, y 2 in free electron oscillations) with surface polaritons being conveniently termed SPPs (Raether, 1988) The corresponding (SPP) propagation constant b can be found from matching the tangential electric and... radiation is guided along the metal stripe with the field reaching its maximum right at the metal surface Such a waveguiding principle thereby offers the unique possibility of using the same stripe as both a waveguide and a control electrode in the configuration that maximizes the influence of applied electrical signals Here, this possibility is demonstrated with the dynamic components, whose schematic... long in total with the arm separation of 250 mm achieved (with cosine bends) over the length of 5 mm and the active waveguide length L ¼ 5.7 mm Typically the total (fiber-to-fiber) insertion loss was the same ($13 dB) as that of the reference stripe The MZIMs exhibited excellent dynamic characteristics: 8 mW of electrical power was sufficient to obtain an extinction ratio of 435 dB (fig 11) with an exponential . alt="" NANOPHOTONICS WITH SURFACE PLASMONS Advances in NANO-OPTICS AND NANO-PHOTONICS Series Editors Satoshi Kawata Department of Applied Physics Osaka University, Japan Vladimir M. Shalaev Purdue. 2. Principles of SPP-assisted microscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 2.1. Experimental realization of dielectric SPP mirrors 70 2.2. Properties of short-wavelength SPPs a long-range SPP (LRSPP), whose propagation loss decreases with the de- crease of the film thickness (Burke et al., 1981). Furthermore, a thin metal stripe surrounded by dielectric supports the propagation