ĐỀ THI THỬ TỐT NGHIỆP THPT 2023 KÌ THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG NĂM 2023 Bài thi: NGOẠI NGỮ; Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH THPT QUẢNG XƯƠNG THANH HĨA (LẦN 2) Mơn thi: TIẾNG ANH (Đề thi có 04 trang) Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề Mark the letter A,B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in each position of primary stress in each of the following questions from to A garbage B muscle C devote D bottle A chemical B happening C solution D decorate Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to New surveys suggest that the technological tools we use to make our lives easier are killing our leisure time We are working longer hours, taking fewer and shorter vacations (and when we go away, we take our cell phones, PDAs, and laptops along) And, we are more stressed than ever as increased use of e-mail, voice mail, cell phones, and the Internet is destroying any idea of privacy and leisure Since the Industrial Revolution, people have assumed that new labor-saving devices would free them from the burdens of the workplace and give them more time to grow intellectually, creatively, and socially exploring the arts, keeping up with current events, spending more time with friends and family, and even just "goofing off" But here we are at the start of the 21st century, enjoying one of the greatest technological boom times in human history, and nothing could be further from the truth The very tools that were supposed to liberate us have bound us to our work and study in ways that were inconceivable just a few years ago It would seem that technology almost never does what we expect In "the old days", the lines between work and leisure time were markedly clearer People left their offices at a predictable time, were often completely disconnected from and out of touch with their jobs as they traveled to and from work, and were off-duty once they were home That is no longer true In today's highly competitive job market, employers demand increased productivity, expecting workers to put in longer hours and to keep in touch almost constantly via fax, cell phones, e-mail, or other communications devices As a result, employees feel the need to check in on what is going on at the office, even on days off They feel pressured to work after hours just to catch up on everything they have to Workers work harder and longer, change their work tasks more frequently, and have more and more reasons to worry about job security Bosses, colleagues, family members, lovers, and friends expect instant responses voice mail and e-mail messages Even college students have become bound to their desks by an environment in which faculty, friends, and other members of the college community increasingly their work online Studies of time spent on instant messaging services would probably show staggering use This is not what technology was supposed to be doing for us New technologies, from genetic research to the Internet offers all sorts of benefits and opportunities But, when new tools make life more difficult and stressful rather than easier and more meaningful - and we are, as a society, barely conscious of it - then something has gone seriously awry, both with our expectations for technology and our understanding of how it should benefit us (From "Summit 1" by Joan Saslow & Allen Ascher) According to the first three paragraphs, technological tools that were designed to make our lives easier _ A have brought us complete happiness B have turned out to us more harm than good C have fully met our expectations D have not interfered with our privacy The word "They" in the fourth paragraph refers to A employers B workers C employees D tasks It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that A it is compulsory that employees go to the office, even on days off B life is more relaxing with cell phones and other technological devices C employees have more freedom to decide what time they start and finish work D employers are more demanding and have efficient means to monitor employees The word "inconceivable" in the passage is closest in meaning to _ A foreseeable B unforgettable C predictable D unimaginable Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage? A Expectations and Plain Reality B Changes at the Workplace C Research on the Roles of Computers D Benefits of Technology Which of the following could be the main idea of the fifth paragraph? A New technological advances have added more stress to daily life B New technological applications are wise entertainment choices of our modern time C New technological advances have reduced work performance D The coming of new technological advances has spoiled family and social relationships With the phrase "at a predictable time", the author implies that A people wanted to be completely disconnected from their work B people had to predict the time they were allowed to leave offices C people were unable to foresee their working hours D people used to have more time and privacy after work Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 10 to 24 10 The proposal by the environmentalists to grow more trees has received approval from the council A was suggested B which suggested C suggesting D suggested C more easy D easiest 11 The examination was _ than we expected A easier B easy 12 I will give you the book about artificial intelligence _ A as soon as I had finished it B until I finished it C when I was finishing it D after I have finished it 13 The football team has waited _ the championship for 30 years A about B up C for D to 14 She didn't study modern European history at college, _? A isn't she B did she C doesn't she D was she 15 My favorite sport is _ basketball but I usually play football in my free time A X/X B a/ the C X/ the D the/a 16 For most people, the desire to study _ begins with a love of reading A literature B psychology C science D mathematics 17 The local council has decided to _ a concert to raise money for cancer charities A put on B run through C come up D take up C give D giving 18 Would you mind _ me a hand with this bag? A to give B given 19 Falsely arrested and charged, in a strange country and all alone, Mark was truly at his end A knacks B legs C wits D arms 20 Somebody broke into their house while they _ in the kitchen A cook B have cooked C were cooking D had cooked 21 The government has tough measures to stamp out corruption in the country A done B caused C taken D made 22 We hope that the museum _ by millions of people when it opens next week A visits B will be visited C was visiting D will visit 23 James was totally hooked on her performance at the annually held festival A impress B impressive C impressed D impression 24 In the volleyball match last night, Thong Tin FLC defeated Vietinbank by 3-2 A tightly B thinly C narrowly D finely Read the passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the blanks from 25 to 29 WHY WE NEED TO PROTECT POLAR BEARS? Polar bears are being increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change, but their disappearance could have (25) _ consequences They are uniquely adapted to the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle, (26) _ temperatures can reach -40°C One reason for this is that they have up to 11 centimetres of fat underneath their skin Humans with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be considered obese and would be likely to suffer from diabetes and heart disease (27) the polar bear experiences no such consequences A 2014 study by Shi Ping Liu and colleagues sheds light on this mystery They compared the genetic structure of polar bears with that of their closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears This allowed them to determine the genes that have allowed polar bears to survive in (28) _ of the toughest environments on Earth Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APOB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) - a form of 'bad' cholesterol In humans, mutations of this gene are (29) _ with increased risk of heart disease Polar bears may therefore be an important study model to understand heart disease in humans (Adapted from Cambridge English Academic IELTS 16 by Cambridge University Press) 25 A far-flung B far-sighted C far-fetched D far-reaching 26 A that B who C where D which 27 A Yet B For instance C And D So 28 A a lot B one C some D much 29 A covered B confronted C dealed D associated Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions from 30 to 31 30 The doctor will diagnose your symptoms and prescribe the appropriate treatment A identify B overlook C miss D resurrect 31 American children customarily go trick-or-treating on Halloween A happily B traditionally C inevitably D readily Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions from 32 to 34 32 The boy has a lot of toy cars, but he never plays with it A but B it C has D never 33 She has disappeared three days ago, and they are still looking for her now A are still B has disappeared C for her D and 34 We have conducted exhausting research into the effects of smartphones on students' behaviour and their academic performance A behaviour B exhausting research C into D academic performance Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to 35 Jane is talking to Mike, her husband - Jane: " ” - Mike: "Don't worry I will hold another job." A It's freezing cold outside B Our son is mischievous C This month's electricity bill is too high D I was unfairly treated at work 36 Janet wants to invite Susan to go to the cinema - Janet "Do you feel like going to the cinema this evening?" - Susan: " _” A I don't agree, I'm afraid B You're welcome C That would be great D I feel very bored Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions from 37 to 38 37 A threaten B theater C although D healthy 38 A fit B drive C lift D ship Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions from 39 to 40 39 The whole country is up in arms about the new tax the government has imposed on books A excited B worried C passive D angry 40 Many women prefer to use cosmetics to enhance their beauty and make them look younger A enrich B maximize C improve D worsen Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions from 41 to 42 41 He is short-sighted Therefore, he has to wear the glasses A If he hadn't been short-sighted, he wouldn't have had to wear the glasses, B If he isn't short-sighted, he won't have to wear the glasses C If he weren't short-sighted, he wouldn't have to wear the glasses D Should he not be short-sighted, he won't have to wear the glasses 42 The boy got out of his house It started to rain heavily A No sooner had the boy got out of his house than it started to rain heavily B Not until it started to rain heavily did the boy got out of his house C Hardly had it started to rain heavily when the boy got out of his house D It had rained heavily before the boy got out of his house Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 47 When you wake up in the morning, you assume that you're going to have a great day or that you're going to have a difficult day? If you normally have positive expectations, you might consider yourself an optimist, and if your expectations are usually negative, you may be a pessimist According to research done by the Mayo Clinic optimism can have a strong positive effect on your health Their research shows that optimists may live longer, get colds less often, and be less likely to suffer from cardiovascular disease Optimists may even deal with stress better than pessimists do.If you think you might be a pessimist and would like to try to be more optimistic, pay attention to what some call "self-talk." The term "self-talk" refers to the automatic thoughts that go through your head all the time You know-the ideas, worries, beliefs, and hopes that run through your mind as you're driving, washing dishes, folding laundry Are those thoughts negative like, "Everyone knows so much more than I do," or positive like, "I'm learning a lot at this job"? If your self-talk is negative, there are some things you can to steer it in a more positive direction First, you can simply stop your negative self-talk Every time you catch yourself thinking something negative, you can stop yourself by actually saying, "Stop," out loud Alternatively, you can revise your self-talk For example, if you catch yourself saying, "I'm terrible at giving presentations," revise that to a question like, "How can I improve my presentation skills?" Another idea is to think of yourself as a friend When you "hear" a negative sentence go through your mind, think about whether or not you would feel comfortable saying it to a friend If the sentence seems to mean to say to a friend, think about what would sound better 43 Which could be the best title for the passage? A Thinking negatively: Is it all bad? B Treat yourself better! C Are you an optimist or a pessimist? D Self-talk for health 44 According to paragraph 2, what is NOT a benefit to thinking positively? A totally free from stress B less chance to contract serious diseases C improved life expectancy D catch colds less frequently 45 The word "steer" in paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A generate B turn C remove D develop 46 The word "it” in paragraph refers to _ A an important sentence B a stupid question C a friend D a negative sentence 47 Which of the following is true, according to the passage? A Most people tend to engage in negative thoughts rather than positive ones B You can create conscious thoughts from your head all the time C Presentation skills are not as important as your optimistic thoughts D There is a direct correlation between optimism and health Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions from 48 to 50 48 It's possible that she missed the train to Tokyo A She must have missed the train to Tokyo B She need have missed the train to Tokyo C She should have missed the train to Tokyo D She may have missed the train to Tokyo 49 I haven't met my grandparents for five years A I last met my grandparents five years ago B I didn't meet my grandparents five years ago C I often met my grandparents five years ago D I have met my grandparents for five years 50 "How long have you lived here, Lucy?" asked Jack A Jack asked Lucy how long she lived here B Jack asked Lucy how long had she lived there C Jack asked Lucy how long she had lived there D Jack asked Lucy how long did she live here ĐỀ THI THỬ TỐT NGHIỆP THPT 2023 KÌ THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THƠNG NĂM 2023 Bài thi: NGOẠI NGỮ; Mơn thi: TIẾNG ANH THPT QUẢNG XƯƠNG THANH HĨA (LẦN 2) Mơn thi: TIẾNG ANH (Đề thi có 04 trang) Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI CHI TIẾT Mark the letter A,B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in each position of primary stress in each of the following questions from to A garbage B muscle C devote D bottle Giải thích: A garbage /ˈgɑrbɪdʒ/ (n): rác B muscle /’mʌsəl/ (n): C devote /dɪˈvəʊt/ (v): cống hiến D bottle /'bɔtl/ (n): chai, lọ Đáp án C trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, đáp án lại trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ → Chọn đáp án C A chemical B happening C solution D decorate Giải thích: A chemical /ˈkemɪkəl/ (n): hố chất B happening /ˈhæpənɪŋ/ (n): chuyện xảy ra; biến cố C solution /səˈluːʃən/ (n): giải pháp D decorate /ˈdekəreɪt/ (v): trang trí Đáp án C trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, đáp án lại trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ → Chọn đáp án C Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to New surveys suggest that the technological tools we use to make our lives easier are killing our leisure time We are working longer hours, taking fewer and shorter vacations (and when we go away, we take our cell phones, PDAs, and laptops along) And, we are more stressed than ever as increased use of e-mail, voice mail, cell phones, and the Internet is destroying any idea of privacy and leisure Since the Industrial Revolution, people have assumed that new labor-saving devices would free them from the burdens of the workplace and give them more time to grow intellectually, creatively, and socially exploring the arts, keeping up with current events, spending more time with friends and family, and even just "goofing off" But here we are at the start of the 21st century, enjoying one of the greatest technological boom times in human history, and nothing could be further from the truth The very tools that were supposed to liberate us have bound us to our work and study in ways that were inconceivable just a few years ago It would seem that technology almost never does what we expect In "the old days", the lines between work and leisure time were markedly clearer People left their offices at a predictable time, were often completely disconnected from and out of touch with their jobs as they traveled to and from work, and were off-duty once they were home That is no longer true In today's highly competitive job market, employers demand increased productivity, expecting workers to put in longer hours and to keep in touch almost constantly via fax, cell phones, e-mail, or other communications devices As a result, employees feel the need to check in on what is going on at the office, even on days off They feel pressured to work after hours just to catch up on everything they have to Workers work harder and longer, change their work tasks more frequently, and have more and more reasons to worry about job security Bosses, colleagues, family members, lovers, and friends expect instant responses voice mail and e-mail messages Even college students have become bound to their desks by an environment in which faculty, friends, and other members of the college community increasingly their work online Studies of time spent on instant messaging services would probably show staggering use This is not what technology was supposed to be doing for us New technologies, from genetic research to the Internet offers all sorts of benefits and opportunities But, when new tools make life more difficult and stressful rather than easier and more meaningful - and we are, as a society, barely conscious of it - then something has gone seriously awry, both with our expectations for technology and our understanding of how it should benefit us (From "Summit 1" by Joan Saslow & Allen Ascher) Giải thích: TẠM DỊCH: New surveys suggest that the technological tools Các khảo sát cho thấy công cụ công we use to make our lives easier are killing our nghệ mà sử dụng để làm cho sống dễ leisure time We are working longer hours, taking dàng giết chết thời gian rỗi rảnh chúng fewer and shorter vacations (and when we go ta Chúng ta làm việc nhiều hơn, nghỉ away, we take our cell phones, PDAs, and laptops ngắn ngày (và xa, along) And, we are more stressed than ever as mang theo điện thoại, PDA, laptop) Và, increased use of e-mail, voice mail, cell phones, ngày căng thẳng hết and the Internet is destroying any idea of privacy việc sử dụng email, tin nhắn thoại, điện thoại, and leisure Internet ngày nhiều hủy hoại riêng tư thư giãn Since the Industrial Revolution, people have Kể từ Cách mạng Công nghiệp, người cho assumed that new labor-saving devices would free thiết bị tiết kiệm sức lao động giải thoát them from the burdens of the workplace and give khỏi gánh nặng nơi làm việc cho them more time to grow intellectually, creatively, nhiều thời gian để phát triển trí tuệ, and socially exploring the arts, keeping up with sáng tạo xã hội - khám phá nghệ thuật, cập nhật current events, spending more time with friends kiện thời, dành nhiều thời gian cho and family, and even just "goofing off".But here we bạn bè gia đình, chí “bỏ việc” Nhưng are at the start of the 21st century, enjoying one of đứng đầu kỷ 21, tận hưởng the greatest technological boom times in human thời đại bùng nổ công nghệ vĩ đại history, and nothing could be further from the lịch sử nhân loại, khơng có thể, điều truth The very tools that were supposed to liberate hồn tồn sai Chính cơng cụ cho us have bound us to our work and study in ways giải phóng ràng buộc với công that were inconceivable just a few việc học tập theo cách mà vài năm trước tưởng tượng Có vẻ cơng nghệ khơng làm mà mong đợi In "the old days", the lines between work and leisure time were markedly clearer People left their offices at a predictable time, were often completely disconnected from and out of touch with their jobs as they traveled to and from work, and were off-duty once they were home That is no longer true In today's highly competitive job market, employers demand increased productivity, expecting workers to put in longer hours and to keep in touch almost constantly via fax, cell phones, e-mail, or other communications devices As a result, employees feel the need to check in on what is going on at the office, even on days off They feel pressured to work after hours just to catch up on everything they have to Workers “Ngày xưa”, ranh giới công việc thời gian nhàn rỗi phân định rõ ràng Mọi người rời văn phòng vào thời gian cụ thể, thường hoàn toàn ngắt kết nối ngắt liên lạc với công việc họ đến rời nơi làm, không phận họ nhà Điều khơng cịn Trong thị trường việc làm cạnh tranh cao ngày nay, nhà tuyển dụng đòi hỏi suất cao, kỳ vọng nhân viên làm việc nhiều giữ liên lạc liên tục qua fax, điện thoại, email, hay thiết bị giao tiếp khác Hậu là, nhân viên cảm thấy cần kiểm tra diễn văn phòng, ngày nghỉ Họ cảm thấy áp lực phải tăng ca để làm bù họ phải làm Cơng nhân làm việc lâu hơn, thay đổi công việc work harder and longer, change their work tasks more frequently, and have more and more reasons to worry about job security Bosses, colleagues, family members, lovers, and Những người sếp, đồng nghiệp, thành viên friends expect instant responses voice mail and e- gia đình, người yêu nhau, mail messages Even college students have become người bạn muốn phản hồi tức qua hộp thư bound to their desks by an environment in which thoại tin nhắn email Ngay sinh viên faculty, friends, and other members of the college bị ràng buộc ngồi vào bàn môi trường mà community increasingly their work online giảng viên, bạn bè, thành viên khác Studies of time spent on instant messaging services cộng đồng trường đại học ngày làm việc trực would probably show staggering use tuyến Các nghiên cứu thời gian dành cho dịch vụ tin nhắn tức cho thấy mức độ sử dụng Giải thích: Kiến thức danh động từ: To mind doing sth: để ý, phiền việc Tạm dịch: Bạn có phiền mang giúp túi không? → Chọn đáp án D 19 Falsely arrested and charged, in a strange country and all alone, Mark was truly at his end A knacks B legs C wits D arms Giải thích: Kiến thức thành ngữ: at one’s wits’ end: khơng cịn biết làm nữa, vơ phương kế Tạm dịch: Bị bắt buộc tội sai, đất nước xa lạ có mình, Mark thực bất lực → Chọn đáp án C 20 Somebody broke into their house while they _ in the kitchen A cook B have cooked C were cooking D had cooked Giải thích: Kiến thức hịa hợp thì: Ta dùng QKTD để diễn tả hành động xảy q khứ có hành động khác xen vào Tạm dịch: Ai đột nhập vào nhà họ lúc họ nấu ăn bếp → Chọn đáp án C 21 The government has tough measures to stamp out corruption in the country A done B caused C taken D made Giải thích: Kiến thức collocations: take measures: áp dụng biện pháp, thực biện pháp Tạm dịch: Chính phủ thực biện pháp cứng rắn để ngăn chặn nạn tham nhũng nước → Chọn đáp án C 22 We hope that the museum _ by millions of people when it opens next week A visits B will be visited C was visiting D will visit Giải thích: Kiến thức câu bị động tương lai đơn: Ta thấy có next week, nên ta dùng tương lai đơn Câu mang nghĩa bị động, nên ta có: will be PII Tạm dịch:Chúng tơi hy vọng bảo tàng hàng triệu người ghé thăm mở cửa vào tuần tới → Chọn đáp án B 23 James was totally hooked on her performance at the annually held festival A impress B impressive C impressed D impression Giải thích: Kiến thức từ loại: A impress (v): gây ấn tượng B impressive(adj): đầy ấn tượng C impressed (adj): bị ấn tượng D impression (n): ấn tượng Chỗ trống cần điền tính từ phía sau có danh từ performance Hợp nghĩa ta dùng impressive Tạm dịch: James hoàn tồn bị hút vào trình diễn ấn tượng cô lễ hội tổ chức hàng năm → Chọn đáp án B 24 In the volleyball match last night, Thong Tin FLC defeated Vietinbank by 3-2 A tightly B thinly C narrowly D finely Giải thích: Kiến thức từ vựng: narrowly defeat: đánh bại với tỷ số sít Tạm dịch: Ở trận đấu bóng chuyền tối qua, Thơng Tin FLC đánh bại Vietinbank với tỷ số sít 3-2 → Chọn đáp án C Read the passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the blanks from 25 to 29 WHY WE NEED TO PROTECT POLAR BEARS? Polar bears are being increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change, but their disappearance could have (25) _ consequences They are uniquely adapted to the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle, (26) _ temperatures can reach -40°C One reason for this is that they have up to 11 centimetres of fat underneath their skin Humans with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be considered obese and would be likely to suffer from diabetes and heart disease (27) the polar bear experiences no such consequences A 2014 study by Shi Ping Liu and colleagues sheds light on this mystery They compared the genetic structure of polar bears with that of their closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears This allowed them to determine the genes that have allowed polar bears to survive in (28) _ of the toughest environments on Earth Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APOB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) - a form of 'bad' cholesterol In humans, mutations of this gene are (29) _ with increased risk of heart disease Polar bears may therefore be an important study model to understand heart disease in humans (Adapted from Cambridge English Academic IELTS 16 by Cambridge University Press) Giải thích: TẠM DỊCH: WHY WE NEED TO PROTECT POLAR TẠI SAO CHÚNG TA CẦN BẢO VỆ GẤU BẮC BEARS? CỰC? Polar bears are being increasingly threatened by Gấu Bắc Cực ngày bị đe dọa tác động the effects of climate disappearance change, but could their biến đổi khí hậu, biến chúng have far- gây hậu sâu rộng Chúng thích reaching consequences They are uniquely adapted nghi cách độc đáo với điều kiện khắc nghiệt to the extreme conditions of the Arctic Vòng Bắc Cực, nơi nhiệt độ đạt đến âm 40 Circle, where temperatures can reach -40°C One độ C Một lý cho điều chúng có tới 11 cm reason for this is that they have up to 11 chất béo bên da Những người có mức mơ mỡ centimetres of fat underneath their skin Humans tương đương coi béo phì có khả with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be mắc bệnh tiểu đường bệnh tim Tuy nhiên, gấu considered obese and would be likely to suffer from Bắc Cực không trải qua hậu diabetes and heart disease Yet the polar bear experiences no such consequences Một nghiên cứu năm 2014 Shi Ping Liu A 2014 study by Shi Ping Liu and colleagues sheds đồng nghiệp làm sáng tỏ bí ẩn Họ so sánh light on this mystery They compared the genetic cấu trúc gen gấu Bắc Cực với cấu trúc gen structure of polar bears with that of their closest họ hàng gần chúng từ khí hậu ấm hơn, gấu relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears nâu Điều cho phép họ xác định gen cho This allowed them to determine the genes that have phép gấu Bắc Cực tồn trong môi allowed polar bears to survive in one of the trường khắc nghiệt Trái đất Liu toughest environments on Earth Liu and his đồng nghiệp ông phát gấu Bắc Cực colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known có gen gọi APOB, gen làm giảm as APOB, which reduces levels of low-density mức độ lipoprotein mật độ thấp (LDL) - dạng lipoproteins (LDLs) - a form of 'bad' cholesterol In cholesterol 'xấu' Ở người, đột biến gen humans, mutations of this gene are associated with có liên quan đến việc tăng nguy mắc bệnh tim Do increased risk of heart disease Polar bears may đó, gấu Bắc Cực mơ hình nghiên cứu therefore be an important study model to quan trọng để hiểu bệnh tim người understand heart disease in humans 25 A far-flung B far-sighted Giải thích: Kiến thức từ vựng: A far-flung (a): xa xôi, hẻo lánh C far-fetched D far-reaching B far-sighted (a): nhìn xa trơng rộng C far-fetched (a): gượng gạo, khơng tự nhiên D far-reaching (a): có tác động sâu rộng Tạm dịch: Polar bears are being increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change, but their disappearance could have far-reaching consequences (Gấu Bắc Cực ngày bị đe dọa tác động biến đổi khí hậu, biến chúng gây hậu sâu rộng.) → Chọn đáp án D 26 A that B who C where D which Giải thích: Kiến thức mệnh đề quan hệ: Ta dùng trạng từ quan hệ nơi chốn “where” thay cho ‘in the Arctic Circle’ Tạm dịch: They are uniquely adapted to the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle, where temperatures can reach -40°C (Chúng thích nghi cách độc đáo với điều kiện khắc nghiệt Vòng Bắc Cực, nơi nhiệt độ đạt đến âm 40 độ C.) → Chọn đáp án C 27 A Yet B For instance C And D So Giải thích: Kiến thức liên từ: A yet: nhưng, nhiên B for instance: ví dụ C and: D so: Tạm dịch: Humans with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be considered obese and would be likely to suffer from diabetes and heart disease Yet the polar bear experiences no such consequences (Những người có mức mơ mỡ tương đương coi béo phì có khả mắc bệnh tiểu đường bệnh tim Tuy nhiên, gấu Bắc Cực không trải qua hậu vậy.) → Chọn đáp án A 28 A a lot B one Giải thích: Kiến thức lượng từ: - a lot of + N số nhiều/ không đếm được: nhiều - one of the + N số nhiều: - some + N số nhiều/ không đếm được: số - much + N không đếm được: nhiều C some D much