ソフトウェアテスト 　　 [3] ソフトウェア開発プロプロ セス Software Testing [3] Software Development Process あまん ひろひさ ひろひさ 阿萬 裕久 裕久（ AMAN Hirohisa ） aman@ehime-u.ac.jp (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN Outline of software development  Development plan (overall plan)  Requirements analysis  Design  Implementation  Test develop ment process  Operation/maintenance (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN (0) Development plan  Setup 　→　　 Estimation 　→　　 Preparat ion What kind By when Make or Set man-hours & cost Determination of development method Preparation • Staffing • Budget • Environment (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN (0) Development plan: Determinati on of development method Basic policy • Newly develop? • Based on existing system? Calculate the scale of development (e.g.) How much code need to write? Effective in estimating man-hours and costs Many other issues to consider Securing human resources? Environment? Budget? (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN Artifact Requirements specifications (1) Requirements analysis  Business analysis  Analyze and organize the work to be achi eved of software  Description of request  Unambiguous and precise description  Consider feasibility: function, cost, delive ry date (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN [example]Bulletin notification system (1) Requirements analysis  I want a system that notifies me when a notice related to me appears  Real-time? Organized by day?  How to be noticed  Register/change notification recipients?  Protect identity and security  Post content input format  Conditions for "related postings" in the first place? (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN [Exercise 1]  Requests from customers “I want you to create a system that allo ws you to check the congestion status o f the cafeteria with your smartphone."  Consider and list the items that should be confirmed with the customer when cr eating the requirement specifications (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN External specifications Artifact (2-1) External design Split target system  subsystems Design external specifications for each subsystem users & external systems whole system Kind of functions Kind of interface How you operate it? In what way exchange data and control do? subsystem (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN Artifact Internal specifications (2-2) Internal design About the contents of each external design Design the Program specifications in detail Program structure (work as a function allocation) • Specifications of each function (input / output, functions) • Data structure and algorithm • subsystem functionA functionB functionC functionD functionF (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN [example]Bulletin notification system (2-1) External design content mgmt user send mgmt user mgmt Participants database (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN Information input person User database 10 (4) Test Artifact Test specification Test report Test that the software works properly  Functions (modules) according to the program sp ecifications? →　Unit test  Subsystem meet Internal specifications? →　Integr ation test  System meet External specifications? →　System test  System meet Requirement specifications? →　Acce ptance test (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN 14 (4) Test  Unit test Does it work correctly at a single component (function, etc.) level?  Integration test Does it work correctly when several parts are connected (a function calls another function, etc.)?  System test Does the system work as design and to specification? 　  Acceptance test Does the system work in a way that the customer is sati sfied with? (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN 15 (5) Operation and maintenance User Operations & Maintenance upon defect discovery and correction request  Prior to operation, create operation manual  If a failure occurs, Report and respond to it is recorded and retained Various manuals Artifact Failure/Response Report (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN 16 [example]Bulletin notification system (5) Operation and maintenance  Operation  Report any problems  If there is a request, ask for it  Maintenance Bugzilla or JIRA (Bug management system)  Bug fix  Respond to requests (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN →　 17 [Exercise 2] Answer the applicable process  Answer which process corresponds to the follo wing tasks “Cafeteria congestion check system" ① Congestion data will be structured data consisting of the time of (d,h,m), seat occupancy rate (%), and will be recorded in a file at 3-minute intervals ③ System configuration (1) Congestion data management (2) User interface section (3) Controll section ④ Conducted a user survey & sorted out issues that need improvement ② Confirm the behavior of performing access for 1,000 people at the same time before full operation or access outside business hours (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN 18 Typical examples of process models  Waterfall model  Prototyping  Spiral model (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN 19 Waterfall Model  Proceed in sequence Requirements analysis  Features: Easy to grasp the progress The division of work is clear External design Internal design Implementation Test Operation/maintenance (C) 2007-2022 Hirohisa AMAN 20