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SUKIENf^Tj^ Tang cirdng ki£m tra ilidn trong toan cac nha may miialu » CAO ANH DUNG Pho Cue trudng - Cue Ky thuat an toan va Moi trLf6ng eong nghiep T rong nhilu nam gin day, mdi nam nudc ta cin diu tu hang chue nghin ti ddng de xay dung ngudn dien (cac nha may phat dien) va ludi dien (eae tram dien va dudng day din dien). Hien nay, ludi dien da duge xay dung bao dam viee cung cip dien nang eho mgi nhu ciu sii dung dien, nhung cii din khoang thdi gian tu thang 4 den thang 7 hang nam, nam nao nudc ta eiing d trong tinh trang thieu dien do thieu ngudn, lam anh hudng xau den viee phat trien ciia dat nudc va sinh hoat ciia nhan dan. Theo Ban Ky thuat san xuit - Tap doan Dien lue Viet Nam, thue tl, cdng suit lap dat he thdng dien ciia nude ta tai thai diem thang 6/2010 la 18.970 MW, trong dd ngudn tiiuy dien la 7.400 MW - ehilm ti lg 39%, nhiet dien (than, diu, khi ) la 10.900 MW - ehilm ti le 57,5% va nhap khau 700MW - ehilm ti le 3,7%, trong khi nhu ciu sii dung dien ngay cao nhit chi khoang tren 15.000 MW. Xay ra tinh trang thieu dien ndi tren la do d thdi diem nay, mue nudc cac hd thuy dien diu d miie rit thap, mue nudc nhilu hd d sat mue nudc chet, nen hau hit cac nha may thuy dien ehi hoat dpng cam chiing, chii yeu chi phat vao vai gid eao diSm trong ngay va kha nang phat diSn hoan toan phu thupe vao lugng nudc ve hd. De viec cung cip dien dugc dn dinh, lugng dien nang phat ra dap iing dii nhu ciu sii dung dien, ed du phdng, dae biet trong thdi gian thilu dien, cin phai huy ddng tdi da mgi ngudn dien dl giam thieu vige cat di^n do thilu ngudn, thi yeu eau van hanh an toan cac nha may dien duge dat ra that su cap bach. Xuat phat tii yeu ciu tren, ngay 09 thang 6 nam 2010, Bd tarudng Bd Cdng Thuang da ky Quylt dinh sd 3049/QD-BCT thanh lap Doan Kiem tra cdng tae an toan va kl hoaeh phdng ehdng lut bao eae nha may dign tai 10 cdng ty ngudn dien ciia Tap doan Dien luc Viet Nam (Cdng ty CP Nhiet dien Pha Lai, Cdng ty CP Nhiet dien Hai Phdng, Cdng ty Nhiet dien Udng Bi, Cdng ty Thuy dien Dai Ninh, Cdng ty Thuy dien Da Nhim - Ham Thuan - Da Mi, Cdng ty Nhiet dien Cin Tho, Cdng ty CP Thuy dien Thae Mo, Cdng ty Thuy diSn Tri An va Cdng ty Nhiet dien Phii My), 02 cdng ty ngudn dien ciia Tap doan Cdng nghiep Than - Khoang san Viet Nam (Cdng ty Nhiet dien Cao Ngan va Cdng ty CP Nhiet dien Cam Pha) va 01 cdng ty ngudn dien ciia Tap doan Dau khi qude gia Viet Nam (Cdng ty Dien lue Dau khi Ca Mau). Theo Quylt dinh nay, Bd trudng Bd Cdng Thuong giao Cue trudng Cue Ky thuat an toan va Mdi trudng cdng nghiep (Cue ATMT) lam Trudng doan Kiem tra, cac thanh vien cdn lai la dai dien ciia: Vu Nang lugng, Vu Khoa hgc va Cdng nghe. Cue Dieu tilt dien luc va dai dien cac tap doan ed cdng ty ngudn dien dugc kiem tra. Ket qua kiem tra nhu sau: 1. Nhung cong viec da thuc hien tot Ve cdng tac an toan lao ddng - Ve sinh lao dpng (ATLD-VSLD): Vl CO ban, cac cdng ty duge kilm tra da thue hien tdt quy dinh eiia phap luat vl ATLD-VSLD nhu: - Da thanh lap Hpi ddng Bao hd lio dpng va mang ludi an toan ve sinh vien; lap Kl hoaeh Bao hp lao ddng va theo ddi thuc hien ke hoaeh nay; td chiic tu kiem tra theo diing quy dinh tai Thdng tu hen tieh sd 14/1998/TTLT-BLDTBXH-BYT- TLDLDVN ngay 31/10/1998 ciia Lien tich Bp Lao ddng - Thuong binh va Xa hpi - Bp Y te - Tdng Lien doan Lao dpng Viet Nam hudng dan viec td chiic thuc hien cdng tac bao hd lao dpng trong doanh nghiep, ea sd san xuat kinh doanh; - Thuc hien viee huan luyen ve ATLD - VSLD theo diing quy dinh tai Thdng tu sd 37/2005/TT- BLDTBXH ngay 29 thang 12 nam 2005 cua Bd lao ddng - Thuong binh va Xa hdi hudng dan cdng tac huan luyen an toan lao ddng, ve sinh lao dpng; - Da xay dung va ban hanh day dii eae quy trinh; da trang bi du. cac phuong tien bao ve eae Website: www.tapchicongnghiep.vn Ky 1, thang 9/2010 «C6NG NGHI£P 9 sir KIEN •jwTiM nhan, trang bi an toan cho ngudi lao ddng theo quy dinh tai Nghi dinh sd 06/CP ngay 20 thang 01 nam 1995 ciia Chinh phii quy dinh chi tiet mdt sd dilu ciia Bp Luat Lao dpng vl an toan lao ddng, ve sinh lao ddng; - Quan ly, sii dung, kiem dinh eae thiet bi cd yeu ciu nghiem ngat vl ATLD duge thue hien theo diing quy dinh tai Thdng tu sd 04/2008/TT- BLDTBXH ngay 27 thang 02 nam 2008 cua Bd Lao dpng - Thuang birJi va Xa hpi hudng dan thii tue dang ky va kiem dinh eae loai may, thiet bi, vat tu cd yeu cau nghiem ngat ve an toan lao dpng. - Hang nam, eae cdng ty deu lap kl hoaeh siia ehiia, bao dudng thiet bi va thue hien viee siia chiia, bao dudng theo diing ke hoaeh, tni eae nha may nhiet dien, sau thang diu nam nay khdng thuc hien diing kl hoaeh do yeu eau phat dien; - Phdi hop vdi canh sat PCCC dia phuong trong viec xay dung phuang an PCCC; td chiic huan luyen nghiep vu, dien tap, kilm tra cdng tae PCCC theo diing quy dinh tai Nghi dinh sd 35/2003/ND-CP ngay 04 thang 4 nam 2003 ciia Chinh phii quy dinh ehi tilt thi hanh mot sd dieu eiia Luat Phdng chay va chiia chay va Thdng tu sd 04/2004/TT-BCA ngay 31 thang 3 nam 2004 cua Bd Cdng an hudng dan thi hanh Nghi dinh sd 35/2003/ND-CP; - Rieng ddi vdi cac nha may thuy dien, ngoai viec bao dam an toan ve PCCC va em toan trong viec phat dien cdn phai thue hien cdng tac quan ly an toan dap thuy dien do dap la cdng trinh xay dung khi su ed ed the gay tham hpa cho ha du. Ddi vdi cdng viec nay, cac cdng ty thiiy dien da thuc hien tdt cac cdng viec: quan trac, kiem tra, duy tu bao dudng dap theo quy dinh tai Nghi dinh sd 72/2007/ND-CP ngay 07 thang 5 nam 2007 ciia Chinh phii ve quan ly an toan dap (sau day gpi tat la Nghi dinh sd 72/2007/ND-CP); van hanh eae eiia xa theo diing quy trinh van hanh hd do co quan ed tham quyln ban hanh. Vl cong tac PCLB: Do nude ta nam trong vung ehiu nhieu anh hudng eiia bao va yeu eiu bao dam an toan cho cac nha may dien, nen cdng tac PCLB ddi vdi cac nha may dien la rit quan trpng. Theo dae thii rieng, viee thue hien cdng tac PCLB tai eae eong ty ngudn dien ed the chia thanh hai nhdm sau: Nhom cac cong ty nhiet dien: Do dae thii cdng nghe, eae thiet bi eiia nha may nhiet dien va nha dieu hanh ciia cac cdng ty nhiet dien dugc xay dung, lap dat trong mot pham vi hep, dia hinh thuan lpi, nen cdng tae PCLB it phiie tap hon rat nhieu so vdi eae cdng ty thiiy dien. Thdng thudng, cac eong ty nhiet dien ehi can xay dung mot phuong an PCLB ehung eho ea nha dieu hanh, nha may nhiet dien va cac cdng ty nhiet dien da thuc hien tdt cdng viec nay. Nhdm cac cong ty thuy dien: Ddi vdi eae cdng ty thiiy dien, do dae thii rieng nen eong tac PCLB gap nhilu khd khan hon so vdi cac cdng ty nhiet dien, eu the la: nha dieu hanh, nha may thuy dien va hd chiia thudng dugc xay dung d nhiing vi tri each biet nhau, khoang each tii hd chiia din nha may thuy dien thudng la vai km, khoang each hi hd chiia hoae nha may thuy dien din nha dilu hanh thudng tii vai km den vai ehuc km; hd chiia va dap duge xay dung d khu vue ddi niii cd do cao ldn hon so vdi do cao khu vuc xay dung nha may thuy dien; hd ehiia cd dung tich rit ldn, thudng tii vai chue trieu din hang ti m3 nude; dudng len hd ehiia thudng nhd, hep va dl bi sat Id khi mua bao Ngoai ra, nhu da ndi d tren, do dap la cdng trinh xay dung khi su cd ed the gay tham hoa eho ha du nen ngoai phuang an PCLB cho nha dilu hanh, nha may thiiy dien, theo quy dinh tai Nghi dinh 72/2007/ND-CP, cac cdng ty thiiy dien cdn phai xay dung Phuang an PCLB eho dap, eho viing ha du va viec phdi hgp vdi chinh quyen dia phuong trong cdng tae xa lii la het siic quan trpng de bao dam an toan tuyet ddi cho nhan dan viing ha du. Nhan thiie dugc cdng tac PCLB dae biet quan trgng, vi ngoai viee bao dam an toan cho phat dien, cdng tae PCLB eiia cac cdng ty thuy dien cdn bao dam an toan tinh mang, tai san eiia nhan dan viing ha du nen eae cdng ty thuy dien da thuc hien tdt hau hit nhiing quy dinh vl PCLB, cu the la: - Da thanh lap ban ehi huy PCLB, mdt sd cdng ty edn thanh lap cac tieu ban chi huy PCLB tai nhiing vi tri xung ylu; - Da thanh lap ddi xung kich PCLB. Khi ed bao hoae thdi tiet bat thudng, dpi nay ed nhiem vu thudng true va san sang khac phue su cd do mua bao; - De bao dam dp tin cay trong viec van hanh eae eiia van, tai dap chinh, cac cdng ty deu trang bi it nhat 3 ngudn dien (tu diing, dien ludi ciia dien luc dia phuong va may phat diezen du phdng) phue vu viec ddng md ciia van; - vl thdng tin, giiia nha dilu hanh, nha may thuy dien va dap, ngoai mang thdng tin npi bd, cac cdng ty thuy dien cdn lap dat cac phuong tien 10 CONC NOHIEP»Ky 1, thang 9/2010 Website: www.tapchicongnghiep.vn suKiENffnym^ thdng tin ed dinh, di ddng eiia it nhat hai mang thdng tin khac nhau (mdt mang thdng tin eiia nganh Dien va mot mang thdng tin khae ngoai nganh Dien), bao dam thdng tin tiidng sudt tirong mua mua bao; - Chuan bi dii vat tu du phdng, thue pham phue vu cdng tae PCLB; - Mdt sd cdng ty da mua thilt bi hoae ky hgp ddng vdi don vi quan ly dudng giao thdng ciia dia phuong de bao dam khae phue nhanh nhit khi xay ra su ed sat Id dudng - Thudng xuyen lien lac vdi Ban Chi huy Phdng ehdng lut bao va chinh quyen dia phuong de thdng bao kip thdi viec xa lii ciia cac hd, dae biet khi bao lii xay ra. 2. Nhung thieu sot phai khac phuc: Qua cdng tac kiem tra, Doan kiem tra thay rang, ngoai nhiing cdng viec da lam tdt, mdt sd cdng ty vin edn thilu sdt phai khae phue, cu the: vl cong tac ATLD-VSLD: - Cdng tac theo ddi huan luyen ve ATLD- VSLD chua thuc hien diing quy dinh tai Thdng tu 37/2005/Tr-BLDTBXH ngay 29 tiiang 12 nam 2005 ciia Bp Lao dpng - Thuong binh va Xa hdi hudng din cdng tac huin luyen an toan lao dpng, ve sinh lao ddng; chua theo ddi viee cap va quan ly Giay chiing nhan cho nhiing ngudi da dugc huan luyen ve PCCC (Cdng ty Thuy dien Da Nhim - Ham Thuan - Da Mi; Cdng ty Thuy dien Dai Ninh; Cdng ty Nhiet dien Cin Tho); - Ddi vdi mot sd cdng ty thuy dien: Chua thuc hien viec Dang ky an toan dap va Bao eao hien trang an toan dap theo quy dinh tai Nghi dinh sd 72/2007/ND-CP va Thdng tii sd 33/2008/TT- BNN ngay 04 thang 2 nam 2008 ciia Bd Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn hudng din thue hien mdt sd dieu thude Nghi dinh sd 72/2007/ND-CP; Chua thue hien hoae ehua thuc hien xong viee cam mdc gidi xae dinh hanh lang bao ve hd chiia, cam mdc ehi gidi pham vi vung phu can bao ve dap theo quy dinh tai Phap lenh sd 32/2001/PL-UBTVQHIO ngay 04 thang 4 nam 2001 eiia Uy Ban thudng vu Qude hdi khoa X vl Khai thae va Bao ve cdng trinh thuy lpi; Nghi dinh sd 112/2008/ND-CP ngay 20 thang 10 nam 2008 ciia Chinh phii vl quan ly, bao ve, khai thae tdng hgp tai nguyen va mdi trudng cac hd chiia thuy dien, thuy lpi; Nghi dinh sd 72/2007/ND-CP; Ve cdng tae PCLB, mot sd cdng ty mac dii da thue hien tdt cac ndi dung eiia phuong an PCLB, nhung chua xay dung thanh phuong an PCLB hoan ehinh; mdt sd cdng ty da xay dung nhung thii tue phe duyet, ban hanh phuong an PCLB chua diing quy dinh tai Nghi dinh 72/2007/ND-CP. 3. Mot so kho khan, vudng mac cua cac cong ty Theo bao cao eiia eae cdng ty duge kiem tra va qua kiem tra thue tl, eae cdng ty ngudn dien dang gap phai nhiing khd khan sau: Ddi vdi cac cdng ty nhiet dien: Do han han keo dai gay ra tinh trang thilu nude lam eae nha may thuy dien chi phat dien cim chiing nen eae nha may nhiet dien dang phai phat dien 24/24 gid vdi cdng suat phat cao nhat ed the, vi vay, mdt sd thiet bi eiia nha may nhiet dien da den ky bao dudng, dai tu vin phai tilp tue phai van hanh, tinh trang nay ed the gay hu hdng, su cd thilt bi. Tuy nhien, eae cdng ty nhiet dien diu nhan thiie rang, day ehi la khd khan tam thdi va eae cdng ty nay se thue hien cdng tac bao dudng, dai tu thiet bi sau khi eae eong ty thuy dien phat dien binh thudng trd lai. Ddi vdi cac cdng ty thuy dien, khd khan chinh thudng la ve van hanh hd, dae biet la trong mua mua, lii, cu thl nhu: - Tren eae he thdng sdng cd hd ehiia eiia cdng ty thuy dien dugc kiem tra deu ed nhieu hd ehiia d nhiing bae thang khae nhau, nhung hien chua cd quy trinh van hanh lien hd, vi vay, cac chii hd gap nhieu khd khan trong cdng tac quan ly van hanh hd, dae biet la viee phdi hgp giiia eae chii hd khi xa la trong mOia mua, bao; - Trong pham vi hanh lang bao ve hd ehiia, pham vi viing phu can bao ve dap cd nhieu cdng trinh xay dung nhu nha d, dudng giao thdng duge xay dung trudc ngay van ban quy pham phap luat ve cam mdc xae dinh hanh lang bao ve hd ehiia, cam mdc ehi gidi pham vi viing phu can bao ve dap cd hieu luc thi hanh gay khd khan eho chii hd, chii dap trong cdng tae quan ly van hanh hd, dap; - Hanh lang thoat lii eiia mdt sd sdng nhu sdng Da Nhim, sdng La Nga hien bi nhilu hd dan lin chiem de trdng rau, xay dung nha gay khd khan cho chii hd trong viec xa lii va bao dam an toan eho cdng trinh diu mdi, eho ehinh eae hd dan lin chiem hanh lang thoat lu. De bao dam kha nang phat dien dn dinh, van hanh an toan cac nha may dien ciia cac cdng ty ngudn dien, bao dam an toan cho cdng ddng, nhiing khd khan, vudng mac ciia cac cdng ty ngudn dien da dugc Doan Kiem tra hudng dan ehi tiet, bao eao va dl xuat bien phap khae phue vdi Bd Cdng Thuong. • Website: www.tapchicongnghiep.vn Ky 1, thang 9/2010 «C6NC NCHI£P 11 . dien nang eho mgi nhu ciu sii dung dien, nhung cii din khoang thdi gian tu thang 4 den thang 7 hang nam, nam nao nudc ta eiing d trong tinh trang thieu dien do thieu ngudn, lam anh hudng. van hanh eae eiia xa theo diing quy trinh van hanh hd do co quan ed tham quyln ban hanh. Vl cong tac PCLB: Do nude ta nam trong vung ehiu nhieu anh hudng eiia bao va yeu eiu bao dam an. phuong trong cdng tae xa lii la het siic quan trpng de bao dam an toan tuyet ddi cho nhan dan viing ha du. Nhan thiie dugc cdng tac PCLB dae biet quan trgng, vi ngoai viee bao dam an toan