Preface One cannot fully understand the biology of a cell without understanding the central role that gene expression and its regulation play. RNA polymer- ase was discovered in eukaryotes in 1959 and in prokaryotes in 1960, and the subject of transcription regulation was reported in the early 1960s. Although many breakthrough experiments were performed in the 1970s, there has been, unquestionably, an explosion in our knowledge in the field since the 1980s, thanks to the rapid development and use of powerful genetic, biochemical, and physical techniques. As a result, many plausible, sometimes unexpected, ideas have been generated. More encouragingly, some of the ideas have been accepted. Volumes 273 and 274 of Methods in Enzymology cover, for the first time, methods and other analytical approaches for the study of transcription and its regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The chapters in these two volumes describe steps of transcription; component machinery and their specificity; purification, assays, and properties of RNA polymerases and their intrinsic and extrinsic (including regulatory) factors that guide transcription initiation, elongation, and termination; and the assembly of RNA polymerase holoenzymes and many regulatory protein-protein and nucleoprotein complexes, including chromatins. A few chapters dealing with specialized techniques analyzing transcriptional regulation are also in- cluded. These volumes will help further exploration of how transcription con- trols cellular adaptation, development, and differentiation. We underscore the importance of DNA-protein interactions in studying transcription and its regulation, a subject covered in Volume 208 of this series. SANKAR ADHYA xvii Contributors to Volume 274 Article numbers are in parentheses following the names of contributors. Affiliations listed are current. CHRISTOPHER C. ADAMS (22), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 AMANDA S. ALTIERI (30), Macromolecular NMR Section, ABL-Basic Research Pro- gram, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702 TEIJIRO ASO (33), Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104 SAILEN BARIK (29), Department of Biochem- istry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mo- bile, Alabama 36688 M1CHELLE CRAIG BARTON (24), Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Cincin- nati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267 CONSTANZE BONIFER (18), Institut ftir Biolo- gie lII, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitdt Frei- burg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany UWE BORGMEYER (18), Center for Molecular Neurobiology II, University of Hamburg, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany SERGE1 BORUKHOV (25, 26), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State Uni- versity of New York, Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York 11203 MICHAEL BRENOWITZ (36), Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 RICHARD R. BURGESS (39), McArdle Labora- tory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 SANDEEP BURMA (3), Eukaryotic Gene Ex- pression Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi-llO067, India R. ANDREW BYRD (30), Macromolecular NMR Section, ABL-Basic Research Pro- gram, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702 MICHAEL CAREY (11), Department of Biologi- cal Chemistry, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095 CATHLEEN L. CHAN (27), Department of Sto- matology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94025 DIPANKAR CHATTERJI (35), Center for Cellu- lar and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad-500 007 (A.P.), India SAMIT CHATTOPADHYAY (30), Center for Can- cer Research, Department of Biology, Mas- sachusetts Institute of Technology, Cam- bridge, Massachusetts 02138 TIANHUAI CHI (11), Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095 CHENG-MING CHIANG (6), Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinob at Ur- bana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 M1EYOUNG CHOI (2), Committee on Develop- mental Biology, University of Chicago, Chi- cago, Illinois 60637 HYON E. Cnov (1), Department of Molecular Biology, Odense University, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark 20892-4255 DAVID J. CLARK (19), Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Insti- tute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 JOAN WELIKY CONAWAY (33), Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104 xii CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 274 RONALD C. CONAWAY (33), Program in Mo- lecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma Medi- cal Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104 NINA COSTANTINO (30), Laboratory of Chro- mosome Biology and ABL-Basic Research Program, NC1-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Mary- land 21702 JACQUES COT 15 (22), Department of Biochem- istry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsyl- vania 16802 DONALD COURT (30), Laboratory of Chromo- some Biology and ABL-Basic Research Program, NCl-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Mary- land 21702 ROBIN CROSSLEY (30), Department of Micro- biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut O6O30 XING DAI (2), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chi- cago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 AsIs DAS (29, 30), Department of Microbiol- ogy, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030 JOSEPH DEVITo (30), Laboratory of Myco- bacteria, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 RONNY DRAPKIN (7), Department of Bio- chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Insti- tute, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 RICHARD H. EBRIGHT (37), Department of Chemistry and Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey O8855 ALED M. EDWARDS (32), Cancer Research Group, Institute for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, McMaster University, Ham- ilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada BEVERLY M. EMERSON (24), Regulatory Biol- ogy Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Bio- logical Studies, La Jolla, California 92037 GARY FELSENFELI) (19), Laboratory of Mo- lecular Biology, National Institute of Diabe- tes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 MICHAEL FRITSCH (9), Laboratory of Bio- chemistry, National Cancer Institute, Na- tional Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Mary- land 20892 Hui GE (6), Laboratory of Molecular Embry- ology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Insti- tutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 JEFFREY S. GERBER (5), Laboratory of Molec- ular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 BALARAM GHOSH (29, 30), Center for Bio- chemical Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Delhi 110007, India M. ALEXANDRA GLUCKSMANN-KuIs (2), De- partment of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 ALEX GOLDFARB (25, 26), Public Health Re- search Institute, New York, New York lO016 NORA GOOSEN (4), Laboratory of Molecular Genetics', Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Gorlaeus Laboratories, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands VIJAYA GOPAL (35), Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad-500 007 (A.P.), India JACK GREENBLATF (10), Banting and Best De- partment of Medical Research, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Molec- ular and Medical Genetics, University of To- ronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L6, Canada SAMAN HAB1B (3), Eukaryotic Gene Expres- sion Laboratory, National Institute of Im- munology, New Delhi-llO067, India JONATHAN HAM (14), Eisai London Research Laboratories, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 274 xiii MICHELLE M. HANNA (31), Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73109 8EYED E. HASNAIN (3), Eukaryotic Gene Ex- pression Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi-llO067, India TOMASZ HEYDUK (37), Department of Bio- chemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104 DEBORAH M. HINTON (5), Laboratory of Mo- lecular and Cellular Biology, National Insti- tute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 H. CHRISTOPH HOEFER (18), Institutfar Biolo- gie llI, Albert-Ludwigs-Universiti~t Frei- burg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany RODER1CK HORI (1 0, Department of Biologi- cal Chernistry, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095 JINZHAO HOU (8), Arris Pharmaceutical Cor- poration, South San Francisco, California 94080 MARK HSIEH (36), Department of Biochemis- try, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 MA'VFHIAS C. HUBER (18), Institutfiir Biologie Ill, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitiit Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany C. JAMES INOLES (10), Banting and Best De- partment of Medical Research, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Molec- ular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L6, Canada ANJALI JA1N (3), Eukaryotic Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute of Immunol- ogy, New Delhi-llO067, India PAUL JEDLICKA (9), Laboratory of Biochemis- try, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 LI-JUNG JUAN (22), lntercollege Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 CAROLINE M. KANE (32), Department of Mo- lecular and Cell Biology, University of Cali- fornia, Berkeley, California 94720 MIKHAIL KASHLEV (26), Public Health Re- search Institute, New York, New York 10016 MICHAEL P. KLADDE (17), Department of Bio- chemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsyl- vania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 RICHARD D. KLAUSNER (33), Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 NATALIA KOMISSAROVA (26), Public Health Research Institute, New York, New York 10016 JOSEPH S. KRAKOW (38), Department of Bio- logical Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10021 ROBERT LANDICK (27), Departments of Biol- ogy and Biochemistry and Molecular Bio- physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 W. MARSTON LINEHAN (33), Urologic Oncol- ogy Section, Surgery Branch, National Can- cer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 JIANYING LuO (38), Surgical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 YUEX1NG MA (37), Department of Chemistry and Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08855 EDIO MALDONADO (7), Department of Bio- chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Insti- tute, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 TOM MANIAT1S (13), Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Harvard University, Cam- bridge, Massachusetts 02138 ROSLYN MARCH-AMEGADZIE (5), Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kid- ney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 xiv CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 274 ERNEST MARTINEZ (6), Laboratory of Bio- chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 MARIE MAZZULLA (30), Macromolecular NMR Section, ABL-Basic Research Pro- gram, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702 STEVEN L. McKNI~HT (8), Tularik Incorpo- rated, South San Francisco, California 94080 JAIME OARCIA MENA (30), Department of Microbiology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecti- cut 06030 ALITA MILLER (2), Department of Biochemis- try and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 GAKU MIZUGUCHI (9), Laboratory of Bio- chemistry, National Cancer Institute, Na- tional Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Mary- land 20892 TAKESHI MIZUNO (21), Laboratory of Molec- ular Microbiology, School of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464, Japan BIPASHA MUKHEILIEE (3), Eukaryotic Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi-llO067, India WILLIAM NOWATZKE (28), Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Blooming- ton, Indiana 47405 EVGENY NUDLER (26), Public Health Re- search Institute, New York, New York 10016 LAURA P. O'NEILL (15), Chromatin and Gene Expression Group, Anatomy Department, University of Birmingham Medical School, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom ANDRAS OROSZ (9), Laboratory of Biochem- istry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 THOMAS A. OWEN-HUGHES (22), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 MAHADEB PAL (30), Department of Microbi- ology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030 ARNIM PAUSE (33), Cell Biology and Metabo- lism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 2O892 SUNG PYo (11), Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095 WILLIAM REES (30), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Jewish Center for Immu- nology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206 DANNY REINBERG (7), Department of Bio- chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Insti- tute, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 JOHN P. RICHARDSON (28), Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Blooming- ton, Indiana 47405 LisLoaT- RICHARDSON (28), Department of Chemistry, lndiana University, Blooming- ton, Indiana 47405 ROBERT G. ROEDER (6), Laboratory of Bio- chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 LUCIA B. ROTHMAN-DENES (2), Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 HARALD SAUERESSIG (18), Molecular Neuro- biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 THOMAS D. SCHNEIDER (34), Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Na- tional Cancer Institute, Frederick, Mary- land 21702 KONSTANTIN SEVERINOV (26), Public Health Research Institute, New York, New York 10016 KARIM A. SHARIF (38), Department of Molec- ular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 274 xv MRIDULA SHARMA (5), Laboratory of Molec- ular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 ROBERT T. SIMPSON (17), Department of Bio- chemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsyl- vania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 ALBRECHT E. SIPPEL (18), Institutfar Biologie III, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitiit Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany GERTRUD STEGER (14), Institut far Virologie, Universitiit zu KOln, 50935 Cologne, Germany ARIBERT STILE (18), Institut far Biologie III, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitiit Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany VAS1LY M. STUDITSKY (19), Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Di- abetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 HENDRIK G. STUNNENBERG (12), EMBL, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany HONG TANG (37), Department of Chemistry and Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08855 DEAN TANTIN (11), Molecular Biology Insti- tute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 DIMITRIS THANOS (13), Department of Bio- chemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Co- lumbia University, New York, New York 10032 FRITZ THOMA (16), Institut far Zellbiologie, EidgenOssische Technische Hochschule, ETH-HOnggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Swit- zerland NANCY E. THOMPSON (39), McArdle Labora- tory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 TOSHIO TSUKIYAMA (23), Laboratory of Bio- chemistry, National Cancer Institute, Na- tional Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Mary- land 20892 BRYAN M. TURNER (15), Chromatin and Gene Expression Group, Anatomy Department, University of Birmingham Medical School, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom CHIHARU UEGUCHI (21), Laboratory of Mo- lecular Microbiology, School of Agricul- ture, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464, Japan KIYOE URA (20), Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 RHEA T. UTLEY (22), Department of Bio- chemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsyl- vania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 RAFAEL VALCARCEL (12), EMBL, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany PIETER VAN DE PUTI'E (4), Laboratory of Mo- lecular Genetics, Leiden Institute of Chem- istry, Leiden University, Gorlaeus Labora- tories, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands PETER VAN ULSEN (4), Laboratory of Molecu- lar Genetics, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Gorlaeus Laboratories, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands PETER H. VON HIPPEL (30), Institute of Molec- Mar Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 974O3 DAGUANG WANG (27), Department of Biol- ogy, Washington University, St. Louis, Mis- souri 63130 WILLIAM WHALEN (29, 30), Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Insti- tute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 JAN WISNIEWSKI (9), Laboratory of Biochem- istry, National Cancer Institute, National In- stitutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 2O892 ALAN P. WOLFFE (20), Laboratory of Molecu- lar Embryology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 xvi CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 274 KRYSTYNA WOLSKA (30), Institute of Microbi- ology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 64, Poland JERRY L. WORKMAN (22), Department of Bio- chemistry and Molecular Biology and Cen- ter for Gene Regulation, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 CARL WU (9, 23), Laboratory of Biochemis- try, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 MOSHE YANIV (14), Unit~ des Virus Onco- gOnes, Ddpartement des Biotechnologies, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France WEN-CHEN YEH (8), Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218 M1N ZHONG (9), Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Insti- tutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 LAURENCE ZULIANELLO (4), Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Gorlaeus Laboratories, 2300 RA Leiden, The Nether- lands METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY VOLUME I. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN 0. KAPLAN VOLUME lI. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN 0. KAPLAN VOLUME III. Preparation and Assay of Substrates Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME IV. Special Techniques for the Enzymologist Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN 0. KAPLAN VOLUME V. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN 0. KAPLAN VOLUME VI. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes (Continued) Preparation and Assay of Substrates Special Techniques Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN 0. KAPLAN VOLUME VII. Cumulative Subject Index Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWlCK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME VIII. Complex Carbohydrates Edited by ELIZABETH F. NEUFELD AND VICTOR GINSBURG VOLUME IX. Carbohydrate Metabolism Edited by WILLIS A. WOOD VOLUME X. Oxidation and Phosphorylation Edited by RONALD W. ESTABROOK AND MAYNARD E. PULLMAN VOLUME XI. Enzyme Structure Edited by C. H. W. HIRS VOLUME XII. Nucleic Acids (Parts A and B) Edited by LAWRENCE GROSSMAN AND KIVIE MOLDAVE VOLUME XIII. Citric Acid Cycle Edited by J. M. LOWENSTEIN VOLUME XIV. Lipids Edited by J. M. LOWENSTEIN VOLUME XV. Steroids and Terpenoids Edited by RAYMOND B. CLAYTON VOLUME XVI. Fast Reactions Edited by KENNETH KUSTIN xix XX METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY VOLUME XVII. Metabolism of Amino Acids and Amines (Parts A and B) Edited by HERBERT TABOR AND CELIA WHITE TABOR VOLUME XVIII. Vitamins and Coenzymes (Parts A, B, and C) Edited by DONALD B. McCORMICK AND LEMUEL D. WRIGHT VOLUME XIX. Proteolytic Enzymes Edited by GERTRUDE E. PERLMANN AND LASZLO LORAND VOLUME XX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part C) Edited by KIVtE MOLDAVE AND LAWRENCE GROSSMAN VOLUME XXI. Nucleic Acids (Part D) Edited by LAWRENCE GROSSMAN AND KIVIE MOLDAVE VOLUME XXII. Enzyme Purification and Related Techniques Edited by WILLIAM B. JAKOBY VOLUME XXIII. Photosynthesis (Part A) Edited by ANTHONY SAN PIETRO VOLUME XXIV. Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Fixation (Part B) Edited by ANTHONY SAN PIETRO VOLUME XXV. Enzyme Structure (Part B) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS AND SERGE N. TIMASHEEF VOLUME XXVI. Enzyme Structure (Part C) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS AND SERGE N. TIMASHEFF VOLUME XXVII. Enzyme Structure (Part D) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS AND SERGE N. TIMASHEFE VOLUME XXVIII. Complex Carbohydrates (Part B) Edited by VICTOR GINSBURG VOLUME XXIX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part E) Edited by LAWRENCE GROSSMAN AND KIVIE MOLDAVE VOLUME XXX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part F) Edited by KIVIE MOLDAVE AND LAWRENCE GROSSMAN VOLUME XXXI. Biomembranes (Part A) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER VOLUME XXXII. Biomembranes (Part B) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER VOLUME XXXIII. Cumulative Subject Index Volumes I-XXX Edited by MARTHA G. DENNIS AND EDWARD A. DENNIS VOLUME XXXIV. Affinity Techniques (Enzyme Purification: Part B) Edited by WILLIAM B. JAKOBY AND MEIR WILCHEK VOLUME XXXV. Lipids (Part B) Edited by JOHN M. LOWENSTEIN VOLUME XXXVI. Hormone Action (Part A: Steroid Hormones) Edited by BERT W. O'MALLEY AND JOEL G. HARDMAN METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY xxi VOLUME XXXVII. Hormone Action (Part B: Peptide Hormones) Edited by BERT W. O'MALLEY AND JOEL G. HARDMAN VOLUME XXXVIII. Hormone Action (Part C: Cyclic Nucleotides) Edited by JOEL G. HARDMAN AND BERT W. O'MALLEY VOLUME XXXIX. Hormone Action (Part D: Isolated Cells, Tissues, and Organ Systems) Edited by JOEL G. HARDMAN AND BERT W. O'MALLEY VOLUME XL. Hormone Action (Part E: Nuclear Structure and Function) Edited by BERT W. O'MALLEY AND JOEL G. HARDMAN VOLUME XLI. Carbohydrate Metabolism (Part B) Edited by W. A. WOOD VOLUME XLII. Carbohydrate Metabolism (Part C) Edited by W. A. Wood VOLUME XLIII. Antibiotics Edited by JOHN H. HASH VOLUME XLIV. Immobilized Enzymes Edited by KLAUS MOSBACH VOLUME XLV. Proteolytic Enzymes (Part B) Edited by LASZLO LORAND VOLUME XLVI. Affinity Labeling Edited by WILLIAM B. JAKOBY AND MEIR WILCHEK VOLUME XLVII. Enzyme Structure (Part E) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS AND SERGE N. TIMASHEFF VOLUME XLVIII. Enzyme Structure (Part F) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS AND SERGE N. TIMASHEFF VOLUME XLIX. Enzyme Structure (Part G) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS AND SERGE N. TIMASHEFF VOLUME L. Complex Carbohydrates (Part C) Edited by VICTOR GINSBURG VOLUME LI. Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Metabolism Edited by PATRICIA A. HOFFEE AND MARY ELLEN JONES VOLUME LII. Biomembranes (Part C: Biological Oxidations) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER VOLUME LIII. Biomembranes (Part D: Biological Oxidations) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER VOLUME LIV. Biomembranes (Part E: Biological Oxidations) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER VOLUME KW. Biomembranes (Part F: Bioenergetics) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER [...]... FLEISCHER AND < /b> BECCA FLEISCHER VOLUME97 Biomembranes [Part < /b> K: Membrane Biogenesis: Assembly and < /b> Targeting (Prokaryotes, Mitochondria, and < /b> Chloroplasts)] Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND < /b> BECCA FLEISCHER VOLUME98 Biomembranes (Part < /b> L: Membrane Biogenesis: Processing and < /b> Recycling) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND < /b> BECCA FLEISCHER VOLUME99 Hormone Action (Part < /b> F: Protein Kinases) Edited by JACKIE D CORBIN AND < /b> JOEL... XXXIV-LX Edited by EDWARDA DENNISAND MARTHAG DENNIS VOLUME76 Hemoglobins Edited by ERALDO ANTONINI,LUIGI ROSsI-BERNARDI ,AND < /b> EMILIACHIANCONE VOLUME77 Detoxication and < /b> Drug Metabolism Edited by WILLIAMB JAKOBY VOLUME78 Interferons (Part < /b> A) Edited by SIDNEYPESTKA VOLUME79 Interferons (Part < /b> B) Edited by SIDNEYPESTKA VOLUME80 Proteolytic Enzymes (Part < /b> C) Edited by LASZLOLORAND VOLUME81 Biomembranes (Part < /b> H: Visual... Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND < /b> BECCA FLEISCHER VOLUME 172 Biomembranes (Part < /b> S: Transport: Membrane Isolation and < /b> Characterization) Edited by SIDNEY FLE1SCHER AND < /b> BECCA FLEISCHER VOLUME 173 Biomembranes [Part < /b> T: Cellular and < /b> Subcellular Transport: Eukaryotic (Nonepithelial) Cells] Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND < /b> BECCA FLEISCHER VOLUME 174 Biomembranes [Part < /b> U: Cellular and < /b> Subcellular Transport: Eukaryotic... JOHNSONAND MICHAELR WATERMAN VOLUME 273 RNA < /b> Polymerase < /b> and < /b> Associated < /b> Factors (Part < /b> A) Edited by SANKAR ADHYA VOLUME 274 RNA < /b> Polymerase < /b> and < /b> Associated < /b> Factors (Part < /b> B) Edited by SANKAR ADHYA VOLUME 275 Viral Polymerases and < /b> Related Proteins Edited by LAWRENCE C KUO, DAVID B OLSEN, AND < /b> STEVENS CARROLL VOLUME 276 Macromolecular Crystallography (Part < /b> A) (in preparation) Edited by CHARLES W CARTER, JR., AND.< /b> .. Techniques (Part < /b> J: Phagocytosis and < /b> Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity) Edited by GIOVANNIDI SABATOAND JOHANNESEVERSE VOLUME 133 Bioluminescence and < /b> Chemiluminescence (Part < /b> B) Edited by MARLENEDELuCA AND < /b> WILLIAMD MCELRoY VOLUME 134 Structural and < /b> Contractile Proteins (Part < /b> C" The Contractile Apparatus and < /b> the Cytoskeleton) Edited by RICHARDB VALLEE VOLUME 135 Immobilized Enzymes and < /b> Cells (Part < /b> B) Edited by KLAUS... Edited by KLAUS MOSBACH VOLUME136 Immobilized Enzymes and < /b> Cells (Part < /b> C) Edited by KLAUS MOSBACH VOLUME 137 Immobilized Enzymes and < /b> Cells (Part < /b> D) Edited by KLAUS MOSBACH VOLUME 138 Complex Carbohydrates (Part < /b> E) Edited by VICTOR GINSBURG VOLUME 139 Cellular Regulators (Part < /b> A: Calcium- and < /b> Calmodulin-Binding Proteins) Edited by ANTHONYR MEANSAND P MICHAELCONN VOLUME 140 Cumulative Subject Index Volumes... Extracellular Matrix) Edited by LEON W CUNNINGHAM METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY xxvii VOLUME 146 Peptide Growth Factors (Part < /b> A) Edited by DAVID BARNES AND < /b> DAVID A SIRBASKU VOLUME 147 Peptide Growth Factors (Part < /b> B) Edited by DAVID BARNES AND < /b> DAVID A S1RBASKU VOLUME 148 Plant Cell Membranes Edited by LESTER PACKER AND < /b> ROLAND DOUCE VOLUME 149 Drug and < /b> Enzyme Targeting (Part < /b> B) Edited by RALPH GREEN AND < /b> KENNETH J WIDDER... Techniques (Part < /b> F: Conventional Antibodies, Fc Receptors, and < /b> Cytotoxicity) Edited by JOHN J LANGONE AND < /b> HELEN VAN VUNAK1S VOLUME94 Polyamines Edited by HERBERT TABOR AND < /b> CELIA WHITE TABOR VOLUME95 Cumulative Subject Index Volumes 61-74, 76-80 Edited by EDWARD A DENNIS AND < /b> MARTHA G DENNIS VOLUME96 Biomembranes [Part < /b> J: Membrane Biogenesis: Assembly and < /b> Targeting (General Methods; Eukaryotes)] Edited by SIDNEY... Hemoglobins (Part < /b> B: Biochemical and < /b> Analytical Methods) Edited by JOHANNES EVERSE, KIM D VANDEGRIFF ,AND < /b> ROBERT M WlNSLOW VOLUME 232 Hemoglobins (Part < /b> C: Biophysical Methods) Edited by JOHANNES EVERSE, KIM D VANDEGRIFF ,AND < /b> ROBERT M WINSLOW xxxii METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY VOLUME 233 Oxygen Radicals in Biological Systems (Part < /b> C) Edited by LESTER PACKER VOLUME 234 Oxygen Radicals in Biological Systems (Part.< /b> .. Techniques (Part < /b> I: Hybridoma Technology and < /b> Monoclonal Antibodies) Edited by JOHN J LANGONE AND < /b> HELEN VAN VUNAKIS VOLUME 122 Vitamins and < /b> Coenzymes (Part < /b> G) Edited by FRANK CHYTIL AND < /b> DONALD B McCoRMICK VOLUME 123 Vitamins and < /b> Coenzymes (Part < /b> H) Edited by FRANK CHYTIL AND < /b> DONALD B McCoRMICK VOLUME 124 Hormone Action (Part < /b> J: Neuroendocrine Peptides) Edited by P MICHAELCONN VOLUME 125 Biomembranes (Part < /b> M: . Metabolism of Amino Acids and Amines (Parts A and B) Edited by HERBERT TABOR AND CELIA WHITE TABOR VOLUME XVIII. Vitamins and Coenzymes (Parts A, B, and C) Edited by DONALD B. McCORMICK AND. 97. Biomembranes [Part K: Membrane Biogenesis: Assembly and Tar- geting (Prokaryotes, Mitochondria, and Chloroplasts)] Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND BECCA FLEISCHER VOLUME 98. Biomembranes. Structure, and Molecu- lar Biology) Edited by JERE P. SEGREST AND JOHN J. ALBERS VOLUME 129. Plasma Lipoproteins (Part B: Characterization, Cell Biology, and Metabolism) Edited by JOHN J. ALBERS AND