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Lab 3 Leveling and Targets Setting Max and Min Levels Leveling a network means to move activities in time, moving those with float, using some or all of the float, to achieve a more uniform resource profile. Take 15 minutes to read through the example that follows to see how the method works. The following page shows a bar chart for a portion of a project and the corresponding man hour histogram. A good tool to use is to include the resource column or a report with the resource line included in the Content Window. First comes the network and here the example is of ACME National Hair Center. Perhaps the biggest thing to notice in the histogram below is that there are several uncharacteristically high peaks. Many of the peaks are associated with activities that have total float. We want to use this float then to delay the corresponding activities so that we can smooth the profile. Setting Max and Min Levels; Leveling and Comparing to Targets; Input a New Network
Lab 3 Leveling and Targets 3.1 Setting Max and Min Levels Leveling a network means to move activities in time, moving those with float, using some or all of the float, to achieve a more uniform resource profile. Take 15 minutes to read through the example that follows to see how the method works. First comes the network and here the example is of ACME National Hair Center. Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 41 The following page shows a bar chart for a portion of a project and the corresponding man hour histogram. A good tool to use is to include the resource column or a report with the resource line included in the Content Window. Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 42 Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 43 ACTIVITY ID EARLY START EARLY FINISH ORIG DUR 1997 1998 SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN 8 15 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 290 29OCT97 7NOV97 8 300 10NOV97 13NOV97 4 360 12NOV97 24NOV97 9 310 14NOV97 19NOV97 4 320 14NOV97 3DEC97 14 330 14NOV97 24NOV97 7 340 14NOV97 18NOV97 3 350 25NOV97 26NOV97 2 370 25NOV97 25NOV97 1 380 4DEC97 25DEC97 16 390 4DEC97 19DEC97 12 400 26DEC97 30DEC97 3 410 31DEC97 5JAN98 4 420 6JAN98 14JAN98 7 430 14JAN98 0 Plot Date 8SEP97 Data Date 8SEP97 Project Start 8SEP97 Project Finish 14JAN98 (c) Primav era Systems, Inc. Activity Bar/Early Dates Critical Activ ity Progress Bar Activity Late Dates Milestone/Flag Activity Man-Hour Histogram Leveling Demonstration DEWSC - Planning & Scheduling MANL Sheet 1 of 1 Schedule dates 0 80 160 240 320 400 480 560 SEP 1 1997 SEP 15 SEP 29 OCT 13 OCT 27 NOV 10 NOV 24 DEC 8 DEC 22 JAN 5 1998 392 488 440 304 312 360 360 456 504 360 376 160 112 160 160 88 144 128 72 Man-Hour Perhaps the biggest thing to notice in the histogram below is that there are several uncharacteristically high peaks. Many of the peaks are associated with activities that have total float. We want to use this float then to delay the corresponding activities so that we can smooth the profile. In general there are many methods or algorithms for how we choose activities to delay. The default for Primavera and the one we will use the most is called the conventional method. However before we get to what to move, we need to establish a leveling limit that seems achievable. Notice that the entire Histogram shows many peaks and many valleys. In order to find a place to begin leveling, try finding the average man- hour use per day. Note that to level, the histogram has to be done daily . In order to find the average we need to know the total man- hours and the total duration in days. To find the total man-hours on large projects use the earned value or other resource report. To find the duration, look for the last activity, click on “Dates,” and investigate it ending workday number corresponding to the early finish. For this Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 44 Projec t Start 8SEP97 Projec t Finish 14JAN98 Data Date 8SEP97 Plot Date 8SEP97 (c) Primavera Sys tems, Inc . Schedul e dates Normal Limi t/Reso urc e Above Normal Max imum Limi t/Resou rce Abov e Maxi mum Date ApprovedCheck edRevision DEW SC - Planning & Scheduling Leveling Demonstration RC -11 MANL Sheet 1 of 1 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 SEP 8 1997 SEP 15 SEP 22 SEP 29 OCT 6 OCT 13 OCT 20 OCT 27 NOV 3 NOV 10 NOV 17 NOV 24 DEC 1 DEC 8 DEC 15 DEC 22 DEC 29 JAN 5 1998 JAN 12 Days 24 72 72 80 144 112 96 104 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 72 32 64 48 48 48 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 80 96 104 104 120 96 96 96 96 64 64 56 72 104 88 88 72 64 64 64 40 24 16 16 16 16 16 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 16 16 16 16 24 24 24 32 32 32 32 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 Man-Hour project assume we have 5376 MH and a 93 day duration, therefore the average resource use is 5376/93 = 57.8 ≅ 58/day. There are many other caveats that you will learn in class about choosing a beginning level. If we assume that 58 is a good level for right now, notice when you may have to start to move activities. On day 5 the required resource is 144 (I know it’s hard to see). This is larger than 58, so we would see what activities could be moved. Obviously, if an activity is critical or has already started it would seem less likely that these activities could be delayed and moved downstream. Consequently, attention must be focused on activities that begin on Day 5 and have total float. Well that’s how the algorithm works and how the computer moves day by day through the network. Having leveled this project before I know that 60 is a better level than 58. So here’s what happens in Primavera for leveling. First select TOOLS from the upper menu bar then select LEVELING. Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 45 Or use Shift + F9 A new screen will appear that invites selection. Here there are a lot of choices, forward leveling vs. backward leveling, smoothing, leveling for the entire or partial project, and prioritization. To begin with, leave everything as the default. Double click on the RESOURCES button on the right side of the screen and you’ll see: Once a resource has been selected, the LIMITS button will be activated. Click to see: Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 46 Clicking on the “+” will give you a list of your resources. For this project we’ll be using MH for man- hours. The Normal limit should be set at the value you have selected to try to achieve (here 60), while the Maximum limit should be set higher that the highest peak on your resource histogram. One hundred fifty is higher than the maximum of 144 on this project. Once you identify these limits, Click on OK as you back out of the levels you have entered. This will commence the leveling process. A report (Leveling Report) is automatically generated . This is one of the reports you will be required to submit with your project, so pay special attention to its contents. The following two pages are a partial printout of the leveling report. Notice that there are two special column categories: Delayed by Pred. and Delayed by Res. As you can likely see, any activity with information in either of these columns has been affected by the leveling process. When doing your project be sure that several activities move. For the project the concern is not with improving the profile necessarily, but instead with understanding the process and evaluating the results. In the report that follows many activities moved. Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 47 This is not the same project shown on previous pages but uses 46 as the Normal limit and 120 as the Maximum limit. Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 48 Leveling Test Primavera Project Planner Starr Distribution Warehouse Report Date 16SEP98 12:33 Forward Resource Leveling Analysis Report Start Date 08OCT97 Fin Date 06MAR98 Data Date 08OCT97 Page no. 2 Daily Res Rem Early Start Delayed by Pred Delayed by Res Early Leveled Activity Id Resource Usage Lag Dur Date Tf Norm Max Date Tf Norm Max Date Tf Norm Max Start Finish 10 Delivery and setup o 1 08OCT97 0 08OCT97 08OCT97 MH 16.0 1 08OCT97 46.0 120.0 08OCT97 08OCT97 20 Delivery of storage 1 08OCT97 0 08OCT97 08OCT97 MH 16.0 1 08OCT97 30.0 104.0 08OCT97 08OCT97 30 Clear and grub 2 09OCT97 0 09OCT97 10OCT97 MH 10.0 2 09OCT97 46.0 120.0 09OCT97 10OCT97 40 Survey 3 13OCT97 0 13OCT97 15OCT97 MH 48.0 3 13OCT97 46.0 120.0 13OCT97 15OCT97 50 Structural fill 2 16OCT97 0 16OCT97 17OCT97 MH 24.0 2 16OCT97 46.0 120.0 16OCT97 17OCT97 60 Water & compact 1 20OCT97 0 20OCT97 20OCT97 MH 16.0 1 20OCT97 46.0 120.0 20OCT97 20OCT97 70 Machine grading 1 21OCT97 0 21OCT97 21OCT97 MH 8.0 1 21OCT97 46.0 120.0 21OCT97 21OCT97 80 Hand grading 2 22OCT97 0 22OCT97 23OCT97 MH 24.0 2 22OCT97 46.0 120.0 22OCT97 23OCT97 90 Install undr.grnd.pl 3 29OCT97 0 29OCT97 31OCT97 MH 48.0 3 29OCT97 46.0 120.0 29OCT97 31OCT97 130 Machine excavate con 1 28OCT97 4 28OCT97 28OCT97 MH 8.0 1 28OCT97 46.0 120.0 28OCT97 28OCT97 100 Machine excavate for 2 24OCT97 6 24OCT97 27OCT97 MH 8.0 2 24OCT97 46.0 120.0 24OCT97 27OCT97 140 Hand excavate contin 1 29OCT97 4 03NOV97 1 03NOV97 03NOV97 MH 24.0 1 29OCT97 0.0 72.0 03NOV97 46.0 120.0 03NOV97 03NOV97 150 Install forms & reba 3 05NOV97 0 05NOV97 07NOV97 MH 32.0 3 05NOV97 46.0 120.0 05NOV97 07NOV97 110 Hand excavate for sp 1 28OCT97 6 28OCT97 28OCT97 MH 16.0 1 28OCT97 38.0 112.0 28OCT97 28OCT97 120 Install rebar & anch 2 29OCT97 6 03NOV97 3 03NOV97 04NOV97 MH 32.0 2 29OCT97 0.0 72.0 03NOV97 22.0 96.0 03NOV97 04NOV97 160 Pour concrete footin 2 10NOV97 0 10NOV97 11NOV97 MH 40.0 2 10NOV97 46.0 120.0 10NOV97 11NOV97 190 Crane lift & place s 3 13NOV97 0 13NOV97 17NOV97 MH 32.0 3 13NOV97 46.0 120.0 13NOV97 17NOV97 170 Remove forms 1 12NOV97 5 12NOV97 12NOV97 MH 24.0 1 12NOV97 46.0 120.0 12NOV97 12NOV97 180 Backfill footings 1 13NOV97 5 18NOV97 2 18NOV97 18NOV97 MH 24.0 1 13NOV97 14.0 88.0 18NOV97 46.0 120.0 18NOV97 18NOV97 200 Install edge forms 2 21NOV97 0 21NOV97 24NOV97 MH 24.0 2 21NOV97 46.0 120.0 21NOV97 24NOV97 210 Place ABC 1 25NOV97 1 25NOV97 25NOV97 MH 24.0 1 25NOV97 46.0 120.0 25NOV97 25NOV97 220 Grade & compact ABC 1 26NOV97 1 26NOV97 26NOV97 MH 16.0 1 26NOV97 46.0 120.0 26NOV97 26NOV97 230 Place welded wire fa 1 01DEC97 1 01DEC97 01DEC97 MH 24.0 1 01DEC97 46.0 120.0 01DEC97 01DEC97 Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 49 Leveling Test Primavera Project Planner Starr Distribution Warehouse Report Date 16SEP98 12:33 Forward Resource Leveling Analysis Report Start Date 08OCT97 Fin Date 06MAR98 Data Date 08OCT97 Page no. 3 Daily Res Rem Early Start Delayed by Pred Delayed by Res Early Leveled Activity Id Resource Usage Lag Dur Date Tf Norm Max Date Tf Norm Max Date Tf Norm Max Start Finish 240 Pour slab on grade 3 03DEC97 0 03DEC97 05DEC97 MH 48.0 3 03DEC97 46.0 120.0 03DEC97 05DEC97 250 Erect tilt-up walls 15 08DEC97 0 08DEC97 29DEC97 MH 64.0 15 08DEC97 46.0 120.0 08DEC97 29DEC97 260 Place masonry block 3 08DEC97 12 08DEC97 10DEC97 MH 40.0 3 08DEC97 0.0 56.0 08DEC97 10DEC97 270 Install ledger angle 2 30DEC97 0 30DEC97 31DEC97 MH 32.0 2 30DEC97 46.0 120.0 30DEC97 31DEC97 280 Place glue lam beams 3 02JAN98 0 02JAN98 06JAN98 MH 32.0 3 02JAN98 46.0 120.0 02JAN98 06JAN98 340 Install metal stairs 2 15DEC97 12 30DEC97 2 30DEC97 31DEC97 MH 32.0 2 15DEC97 0.0 56.0 30DEC97 14.0 88.0 30DEC97 31DEC97 290 Place wood joists 2 02JAN98 1 02JAN98 05JAN98 MH 32.0 2 02JAN98 14.0 88.0 02JAN98 05JAN98 300 Install trusses 3 07JAN98 0 07JAN98 09JAN98 MH 32.0 3 07JAN98 46.0 120.0 07JAN98 09JAN98 320 Build wall partition 2 19DEC97 12 06JAN98 2 06JAN98 07JAN98 MH 24.0 2 19DEC97 0.0 56.0 06JAN98 14.0 88.0 06JAN98 07JAN98 380 Run electrical condu 10 12JAN98 0 12JAN98 23JAN98 MH 64.0 10 12JAN98 46.0 120.0 12JAN98 23JAN98 310 Install plywood 2 12JAN98 8 12JAN98 13JAN98 MH 24.0 2 12JAN98 0.0 56.0 12JAN98 13JAN98 350 Install metal roof 3 14JAN98 8 26JAN98 0 26JAN98 28JAN98 MH 48.0 3 14JAN98 0.0 56.0 26JAN98 46.0 120.0 26JAN98 28JAN98 370 Installation of gutt 1 19JAN98 10 29JAN98 2 29JAN98 29JAN98 MH 24.0 1 19JAN98 0.0 56.0 29JAN98 46.0 120.0 29JAN98 29JAN98 390 Install blowers, com 2 03FEB98 0 03FEB98 04FEB98 MH 32.0 2 03FEB98 46.0 120.0 03FEB98 04FEB98 360 Apply waterproofing 2 21JAN98 9 02FEB98 1 02FEB98 03FEB98 MH 32.0 2 21JAN98 0.0 56.0 02FEB98 46.0 120.0 02FEB98 03FEB98 430 Paint exterior 3 05FEB98 0 05FEB98 09FEB98 MH 24.0 3 05FEB98 46.0 120.0 05FEB98 09FEB98 470 Install landscape ir 3 10FEB98 0 10FEB98 12FEB98 MH 40.0 3 10FEB98 46.0 120.0 10FEB98 12FEB98 480 Plant trees, shrubbe 4 13FEB98 0 13FEB98 18FEB98 MH 40.0 4 13FEB98 46.0 120.0 13FEB98 18FEB98 490 Place ABC for asphal 2 19FEB98 0 19FEB98 20FEB98 MH 32.0 2 19FEB98 46.0 120.0 19FEB98 20FEB98 560 Install above grnd. 3 23DEC97 41 08JAN98 31 05FEB98 11 05FEB98 09FEB98 MH 48.0 3 23DEC97 0.0 56.0 08JAN98 14.0 88.0 05FEB98 22.0 96.0 05FEB98 09FEB98 500 Grade ABC 1 23FEB98 0 23FEB98 23FEB98 MH 16.0 1 23FEB98 46.0 120.0 23FEB98 23FEB98 410 Place wall insulatio 3 26JAN98 20 23FEB98 0 23FEB98 25FEB98 MH 24.0 3 26JAN98 0.0 72.0 23FEB98 30.0 104.0 23FEB98 25FEB98 510 Place asphalt cement 2 24FEB98 0 24FEB98 25FEB98 MH 48.0 2 24FEB98 22.0 96.0 24FEB98 25FEB98 Notice the how the network has changed. Activity 180, Backfill Footings has lost 3 days of float although it has not become critical. May other activities have lost total float too. Practice 3.1 1. Input the activities, resources, and relationships found on page 51. 2. Calculate the network, then find the project duration in workdays, and the total number of man-hours. 3. Run and printout a Daily MH histogram (Original MH histogram), write out on the histogram the average man-hours per day. Label the histogram appropriately. Name the histogram as “Original Daily MH Histogram.” Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 Spring 1999 50 [...]... leveling 2 Original daily MH histogram 3 Early start report comparing leveled and target 4 Leveled detailed relationship report 5 Leveled daily MH histogram 6 S-curve, leveled and target Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 54 3. 1 3. 2 3. 3 3. 3 3. 3 3. 3 Spring 1999 ... C I J SS9 K FF0 M S T SS0 SS3 D FF2 E L SS1 N P Q FF0 R FS2 F O The duration and total budget resource data for above activities are listed in the following table Act ID 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Act Name A B C D E F G Dur (day) 1 3 3 4 2 6 2 Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 MH 48 105 96 100 36 96 48 Act ID 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 52 Act Name H I J K L M N Dur.(day) 3 1 5 3 4 5 10 MH 100 40 200 100 64... from Practice 3. 1 2 Level the network using the procedure described on pages 45 to 47 Review the leveling report If some activities have moved, print the leveling report and move to 3 If not, establish a new normal limit and try again 3 Run an Early Start Report that compares the leveled dates with the original dates in the Target See the screen shown below Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 53 Spring 1999.. .3. 2 Leveling and Comparing to Targets Before we level the project, let’s make a copy of the current schedule; a baseline so that we can compare it with future schedules To create a target, select the Tools, Project Utilities, Target from the upper menu Then name your target, 4 characters – make it unique Primavera Lab Manual - Version 4 51 Spring 1999 G A B 3. 3 Input a New Network... Histogram.” 6 Run an S-curve with early, late, and target early and target late lines Be sure that the lines are distinguishable by using different patterns, weights, colors, etc Annotate the S-curve with words and arrows so that everything can easily be understood Turn in the following at the end of LAB 3: 1 List of activities which have been affected by leveling 2 Original daily MH histogram 3 Early start... 36 96 48 Act ID 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 52 Act Name H I J K L M N Dur.(day) 3 1 5 3 4 5 10 MH 100 40 200 100 64 200 400 Spring 1999 Act ID 150 160 170 180 190 200 Act Name O P Q R S T Dur (day) 3 1 3 1 3 2 MH 27 16 72 8 50 48 Remember that you MUST copy your original schedule to a target file before leveling This baseline schedule (target) will give you a point of comparison for future schedules... upper menu, then select PROJECT UTILITIES, and lastly, select TARGETS Enter a new name for your target file, 4 characters - make it unique Click on OK The computer will grind and finally leave you in the project Now you have a target schedule – Let’s move on to leveling Practice 3. 2 1 Determine an appropriate level to begin leveling (show your calculations on the Histogram) Make your normal limit slightly . 160 SEP 8 1997 SEP 15 SEP 22 SEP 29 OCT 6 OCT 13 OCT 20 OCT 27 NOV 3 NOV 10 NOV 17 NOV 24 DEC 1 DEC 8 DEC 15 DEC 22 DEC 29 JAN 5 1998 JAN 12 Days 24 72 72 80 144 112 96 104 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 72 32 64 48 48 48 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 80 96 104 104 120 96 96 96 96 64 64 56 72 104 88 88 72 64 64 64 40 24 16 16 16 16 16 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 16 16 16 16 24 24 24 32 32 32 32 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 Man-Hour project. 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 290 29OCT97 7NOV97 8 30 0 10NOV97 13NOV97 4 36 0 12NOV97 24NOV97 9 31 0 14NOV97 19NOV97 4 32 0 14NOV97 3DEC97 14 33 0 14NOV97 24NOV97 7 34 0 14NOV97 18NOV97 3 35 0. beams 3 02JAN98 0 02JAN98 06JAN98 MH 32 .0 3 02JAN98 46.0 120.0 02JAN98 06JAN98 34 0 Install metal stairs 2 15DEC97 12 30 DEC97 2 30 DEC97 31 DEC97 MH 32 .0 2 15DEC97 0.0 56.0 30 DEC97 14.0 88.0 30 DEC97