Thông tin tài liệu
Advances
in
Thermal Design
of
Heat
Exchangers
A
Numerical Approach:
Direct-sizing, step-wise rating,
and
transients
Eric
M
Smith
Professional
John Wiley
&
Sons,
Ltd
Advances in Thermal Design of Heat Exchangers: A Numerical Approach: Direct-sizing, step-wise
rating, and transients. Eric M. Smith
Copyright
2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-470-01616-7
Advances
in
Thermal Design
of
Heat Exchangers
Related
Titles
Combined Power
and
Process
-
An
Exergy
Approach
Optical Methods
and
Data
Processing
in
Heat
and
Fluid
Flow
Axial-Flow
Compessors
-
A
Strategy
for
Aerodynamic Design
and
Analysis
F
J
Barclay
1
86058
129 3
Edited
by C
Created,
1
86058
281 8
J
Cosgrove,
and J M
Buick
R
H
Aungier
1
86058
422 5
Advances
in
Thermal Design
of
Heat
Exchangers
A
Numerical Approach:
Direct-sizing, step-wise rating,
and
transients
Eric
M
Smith
Professional
John Wiley
&
Sons,
Ltd
Copyright
©
2005 Eric
M.
Smith
Published
by
John Wiley
&
Sons Ltd,
The
Atrium, Southern Gate,
Chichester,
West Sussex
PO19
8SQ, England
Telephone (+44) 1243
779777
Email
(for orders
and
customer service enquiries): cs-books@wiley.co.uk
Visit
our
Home Page
on
www.wiley.com
All
Rights Reserved.
No
part
of
this publication
may be
reproduced, stored
in a
retrieval system
or
transmitted
in any
form
or by any
means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, scanning
or
otherwise, except under
the
terms
of the
Copyright,
Designs
and
Patents
Act
1988
or
under
the
terms
of a
licence issued
by the
Copyright
Licensing Agency Ltd,
90
Tottenham Court Road, London
WIT
4LP,
UK,
without
the
permission
in
writing
of the
Publisher. Requests
to the
Publisher should
be
addressed
to
the
Permissions Department, John Wiley
&
Sons Ltd,
The
Atrium, Southern Gate,
Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England,
or
emailed
to
permreq@wiley.co.uk,
or
faxed
to
(+44) 1243 770620.
This publication
is
designed
to
provide accurate
and
authoritative information
in
regard
to the
subject matter covered.
It is
sold
on the
understanding that
the
Publisher
is not
engaged
in
rendering professional services.
If
professional advice
or
other expert
assistance
is
required,
the
services
of a
competent professional should
be
sought.
Other
Wiley
Editorial
Offices
John
Wiley
&
Sons Inc.,
Ill
River Street, Hoboken,
NJ
07030,
USA
Jossey-Bass,
989
Market Street,
San
Francisco,
CA
94103-1741,
USA
Wiley-VCH
Verlag GmbH,
Boschstr.
12,
D-69469 Weinheim, Germany
John Wiley
&
Sons Australia Ltd,
33
Park Road, Milton, Queensland
4064,
Australia
John
Wiley
&
Sons (Asia)
Pte
Ltd,
2
Clementi Loop #02-01,
Jin
Xing
Distripark,
Singapore
129809
John
Wiley
&
Sons Canada Ltd,
22
Worcester Road, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada
M9W 1L1
Wiley
also publishes
its
books
in a
variety
of
electronic formats. Some content that appears
in
print
may not be
available
in
electronic
books.
British
Library
Cataloguing
in
Publication Data
A
catalogue record
for
this book
is
available
from
the
British Library
ISBN
1-86058-461-6
Typeset
by
Techset Composition Limited, Salisbury, Wiltshire
Printed
and
bound
in
Great Britain
by
Antony Rowe, Ltd,
Chippenham,
Wiltshire
This book
is
printed
on
acid-free paper responsibly manufactured
from
sustainable forestry
in
which
at
least
two
trees
are
planted
for
each
one
used
for
paper
production.
This
volume
is
dedicated
to
Dorothy
my
wife
for her
unfailing
kindness
and
understanding,
and
to my
three sons
for
their consistent support.
'If
you can
build
hotter
or
colder than anyone
else,
If
you can
build higher
or
faster than anyone else,
If
you can
build deeper
or
stronger than anyone else,
If
Then,
in
principle,
you can
solve
all the
other problems
in
between.'
(Attributed
to Sir
Monty
Finniston,
FRS)
Contents
Chapter
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
Chapter
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
Chapter
3
3.1
3.2
Preface
Classification
Class definition
Exclusions
and
extensions
Helical-tube, multi-start
coil
Plate-fin
exchangers
RODbaffle
Helically twisted
flattened
tube
Spirally wire-wrapped
Bayonet
tube
Wire-woven
heat exchangers
Porous matrix heat exchangers
Some
possible
applications
Fundamentals
Simple temperature distributions
Log
mean temperature
difference
LMTD-Ntu
rating problem
LMTD-Ntu
sizing problem
Link
between
Ntu
values
and
LMTD
The
'theta'
methods
Effectiveness
and
number
of
transfer
units
e-Ntu
rating problem
e-Ntu
sizing problem
Comparison
of
LMTD-Ntu
and
e-Ntu
approaches
Sizing when
Q
is not
specified
Optimum
temperature profiles
in
contraflow
Optimum
pressure
losses
in
contraflow
Compactness
and
performance
Required
values
of Ntu in
cryogenics
To dig
deeper
Dimensionless groups
Steady-State Temperature
Profiles
Linear
temperature
profiles
in
contraflow
General cases
of
contraflow
and
parallel
flow
xxiii
1
1
1
3
5
6
7
7
8
9
9
10
19
19
21
23
25
26
26
27
31
32
33
34
35
40
42
42
45
47
59
59
61
viii
Contents
3.3
Condensation
and
evaporation
66
3.4
Longitudinal conduction
in
contraflow
67
3.5
Mean temperature
difference
in
unmixed
crossflow
74
3.6
Extension
to
two-pass unmixed crossflow
79
3.7
Involute-curved
plate-fin
exchangers
82
3.8
Longitudinal conduction
in
one-pass unmixed
crossflow
83
3.9
Determined
and
undetermined
crossflow
90
3.10 Possible optimization criteria
92
3.11
Cautionary remark about core pressure loss
92
3.12 Mean temperature
difference
in
complex arrangements
93
3.13 Exergy destruction
94
Chapter
4
Direct-Sizing
of
Plate-Fin
Exchangers
99
4.1
Exchanger lay-up
99
4.2
Plate-fin surface geometries
101
4.3
Flow-friction
and
heat-transfer correlations
103
4.4
Rating
and
direct-sizing design software
103
4.5
Direct-sizing
of an
unmixed crossflow exchanger
106
4.6
Concept
of
direct-sizing
in
contraflow
110
4.7
Direct-sizing
of a
contraflow
exchanger
113
4.8
Best
of
rectangular
and
triangular ducts
120
4.9
Best small, plain rectangular duct
125
4.10 Fine-tuning
of
ROSF surfaces
127
4.11
Overview
of
surface performance
127
4.12
Headers
and flow
distribution
130
4.13
Multi-stream design (cryogenics)
130
4.14
Buffer
zone
or
leakage plate
'sandwich'
130
4.15
Consistency
in
design methods
132
4.16 Geometry
of
rectangular
offset
strip
4.17 Compact
fin
surfaces generally
138
4.18 Conclusions
138
Chapter
5
Direct-Sizing
of
Helical-Tube
Exchangers
143
5.1
Design framework
143
5.2
Consistent geometry
145
5.3
Simplified geometry
151
5.4
Thermal design
153
5.5
Completion
of the
design
159
5.6
Thermal design results
for t/d =
1.346
162
5.7
Fine tuning
163
5.8
Design
for
curved tubes
168
5.9
Discussion
172
5.10 Part-load operation with by-pass control
174
5.11
Conclusions
174
fins
133
Contents
ix
Chapter
6
Direct-Sizing
of
Bayonet-Tube
Exchangers
6.1
Isothermal shell-side conditions
6.2
Evaporation
6.3
Condensation
6.4
Design illustration
6.5
Non-isothermal shell-side conditions
6.6
Special explicit case
6.7
Explicit solution
6.8
General numerical solutions
6.9
Pressure loss
6.10 Conclusions
Chapter
7
Direct-Sizing
of
RODbaffle
Exchangers
7.1
Design
framework
7.2
Configuration
of the
RODbaffle
exchanger
7.3
Approach
to
direct-sizing
7.4
Flow areas
7.5
Characteristic dimensions
7.6
Design correlations
7.7
Reynolds numbers
7.8
Heat transfer
7.9
Pressure loss tube-side
7.10 Pressure loss shell-side
7.11
Direct-sizing
7.12
Tube-bundle diameter
7.13 Practical design
7.14 Generalized correlations
7.15
Recommendations
7.16
Other
shell-and-tube
designs
7.17 Conclusions
Chapter
8
Exergy
Loss
and
Pressure
Loss
Exergy
loss
8.1
Objective
8.2
Historical development
8.3
Exergy change
for any flow
process
8.4
Exergy loss
for any
heat exchangers
8.5
Contraflow
exchangers
8.6
Dependence
of
exergy
loss
number
on
absolute
temperature level
8.7
Performance
of
cryogenic plant
8.8
Allowing
for
leakage
8.9
Commercial considerations
8.10
Conclusions
177
177
178
189
190
191
194
196
199
201
204
207
207
208
208
209
209
210
211
211
213
214
215
217
217
220
222
222
224
229
229
229
230
231
233
234
236
238
240
242
242
[...]... through optimization, to the study of transients Most automotive heat exchangers operate in crossflow, and have a relatively small flow length on the air-side They may be constructed of tubes inserted in corrugated plate-fins, or made up from welded channels with corrugated fins The Advances in Thermal Design of Heat Exchangers: A Numerical Approach: Direct-sizing, step-wise rating, and transients Eric... design process has to be the elimination of uncertainties In thermal design of heat exchangers there are presently many stages in which assumptions in mathematical solution of the design problem are being made Accumulation of these assumptions (e.g use of mean values) may introduce variations in design as large as the uncertainties introduced in heat- transfer and flowfriction correlations The designer needs... differential equations As the Mach number in heat exchangers is normally less than (Ma = 0.1) it becomes practicable to separate the problem into solution of mass flowrate and temperature-field disturbances A full numerical study of transients in a two-stream contraflow exchanger involves preparation of interpolating cubic spline-fits for both heat- transfer and flow-friction data against Reynolds number, and. .. teaching and research to post-graduate level in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne Dr Smith has published with IMechE, ASME, and ASTM, and has presented papers at international and national level He has represented the UK at a Nato AGARD Special Technical Meeting in Washington DC, and was retained as an expert witness by Norton Rose of London on behalf of shipbuilders Harland... Direct-sizing of plate-fin exchangers Direct-sizing of helical-tube exchangers Direct-sizing of bayonet-tube exchangers Direct-sizing of RODbaffle exchangers Exergy loss and pressure loss Transients in heat exchangers Single-blow test methods Heat exchangers in cryogenic plant Heat transfer and flow friction in two-phase flow Transient equations with longitudinal conduction and wall thermal storage Creep... Depending on geometry and availability of appropriate heat- transfer and flowfriction correlations, thermal design can be approached in the same way as for plate-fin exchangers Lamella heat exchangers Flat tube ducts are fitted inside a tubular shell, leaving equal spacing for shell-side flow between the flat tube ducts The geometry offers a very flexible surface arrangement, with good means for header... 0-470-01616-7 2 Advances in Thermal Design of Heat Exchangers small air flow length rather marks them out as a special design case and the subject deserves separate attention It is not covered in this text Segmentally baffled shell -and- tube designs Segmentally baffled and disc -and- doughnut baffled shell -and- tube designs are not specifically included because the exchanger core may not have sufficiently regular flow... in assessing the performance of heat exchangers and should be used in combination xxiv Preface The present treatment shows that: • The LMTD-Ntu approach is fully explicit in finding terminal temperatures in contraflow and parallel flow, and contains expressions for 'energy' and 'rate' processes ( iteration cannot be avoided when only inlet temperatures and LMTD are known and outlet temperatures are... original spline-fitting algorithm since used extensively over many years Special thanks to my close colleagues Tom Frost and Attila Fogarasy in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, whose patience and talents were outstanding, both professionally and personally Particularly so when Tom took the leadership with an inexperienced partner in rock climbing and hilarious... considers asymmetrically corrugated plates Inlet and return headering for plate -and- frame designs, and the same arrangement for plate-fin designs, may add a phase shift to the outlet transient response following an inlet disturbance Effects of this headering arrangement have been considered by Das & Roetzel (1995) Faster response is obtained with U-type headering than with Z-type headering, and the choice of . Advances in Thermal Design of Heat Exchangers A Numerical Approach: Direct-sizing, step-wise rating, and transients Eric M Smith Professional John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Advances in. 0-470-01616-7 Advances in Thermal Design of Heat Exchangers Related Titles Combined Power and Process - An Exergy Approach Optical Methods and Data Processing in Heat and Fluid Flow Axial-Flow . in Thermal Design of Heat Exchangers: A Numerical Approach: Direct-sizing, step-wise rating, and transients. Eric M. Smith Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-470-01616-7 Advances
Ngày đăng: 02/04/2014, 15:14
Xem thêm: advances in thermal design of heat exchangers a numerical approach direct-sizing, step-wise rating, and transients, advances in thermal design of heat exchangers a numerical approach direct-sizing, step-wise rating, and transients, H.3 Fouling – some recent literature