[...]... dermatological and cosmeceutical therapy have been moved to a companion publication, Dermatologic, Cosmeceutic, and Cosmetic Development: Therapeutic and Novel Approaches This second edition has been divided into six parts covering skin structure and absorption, measurement of absorption, modeling of dermal absorption and risk assessment, skin toxicity and its prevention, regulatory issues, and specific... estimating dermal risk assessment In addition, this part covers the estimation of systemic exposure subsequent to dermal absorption, pharmacodynamics and the pharmacokinetics of skin delivery, and the use of various real life exposure scenarios in dermal risk assessment The next two parts of the book focus on local toxicity and its prevention and regulatory initiatives Within the local toxicity section,... Regulatory Considerations 459 Utz Mueller, Andrew Bartholomaeus, and Mark Jenner 27 International Perspectives in Dermal Absorption 471 Janet Kielhorn and Stephanie Melching-Kollmuß 28 Structure–Activity Relationships and Prediction of Photoallergic and Phototoxic Potential Martin D Barratt 483 29 Potential Regulatory Use of (Q)SARs to Develop Dermal Irritation and Corrosion Assessment Strategies 495 Ingrid... specific examples of the absorption of environmental materials As in the first edition, this book provides an overview of the dermal absorption process, with particular emphasis on the determinants for toxicity arising from dermal exposure A general introduction, covering the structure of human and animal skin and its relationship to dermal absorption, is followed by Part I, which expands on the specific... structure-penetration relationships as principles for estimating dermal risk assessment Parts III and IV are concerned with dermal absorption and risk assessment as applied to specific product types: pharmaceuticals and cosmetics The individual chapters discuss specific product classes such as drugs used for pain and inflammation, fragrances, sunscreens, and hair dyes The final section, Part V, provides information... Lippold, and C S Leopold PART II: MEASUREMENT OF SKIN ABSORPTION 8 Interpretation of In Vitro Skin Absorption Studies of Lipophilic Chemicals Robert L Bronaugh 135 9 Use of Skin Equivalents for Dermal Absorption and Toxicity ¨ Monika Schafer-Korting and Sylvia Schreiber vii 141 viii Contents 10 Skin Absorption as Studied by Spectroscopic Methods ¨ Ulrike Gunther, Siegfried Wartewig, Hendrik Metz, and Reinhard... Reinhard H H Neubert PART III: 161 MODELING OF DERMAL ABSORPTION AND RISK ASSESSMENT 11 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Skin 179 Yuri Dancik, Owen G Jepps, and Michael S Roberts 12 Beyond Stratum Corneum 209 Yuri Dancik, Owen G Jepps, and Michael S Roberts 13 Biophysical Models for Skin Transport and Absorption Johannes M Nitsche and Gerald B Kasting 251 14 Mathematical Models... Systemic Toxicity Caused by Absorption of Drugs and Chemicals Through Skin 405 Haw-Yueh Thong, Susi Freeman, and Howard I Maibach 24 Solvent and Vehicle Effects on the Skin 433 Michael S Roberts, Audrey Gierden, Jim E Riviere, and Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere PART V: REGULATORY ISSUES 25 United States Environmental Protection Agency Perspectives on Skin Absorption and Exposure Michael Dellarco 449 26 Dermal Absorption. .. morphology, and dermal blood and lymphatic flow The range of methods used to assess skin absorption is fully discussed in Part II There, the use of standard established laboratory methods, such as diffusion cell technology, are covered together with some of the newer techniques, such as the use of cultured skin equivalents Many of the techniques used for measurement and modeling of dermal absorption and risk assessment. .. Pesticides Jon R Heylings and David J Esdaile 575 36 Bathing Water: Percutaneous Absorption of Water Contaminants 593 Richard P Moody 37 Percutaneous Absorption of Prodrugs and Soft Drugs Kenneth B Sloan and Scott C Wasdo 605 38 Skin Penetration of Cosmetic Ingredients and Contaminants Keith R Brain and Kenneth A Walters 39 Percutaneous Absorption of Hair Dyes William E Dressler 40 Dermal Absorption of Fragrance . structure and absorption, measurement of absorption, modeling of dermal absorption and risk assessment, skin toxicity and its prevention, regulatory issues, and specific examples of the absorption. principles for estimating dermal risk assessment. Parts III and IV are concerned with dermal absorption and risk assessment as applied to specific product types: pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The individual chapters. Skin Morphology and Dermal Absorption 1 Michael S. Roberts and Kenneth A. Walters 2. Animal Skin Morphology and Dermal Absorption 17 Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere, Ronald E. Baynes, and Jim E. Riviere PART