Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
Giải phẫu động vật
[...]... solearis —5) of the hoof; whereas, its modified digital pad, the sole (solea ungulae) and the frog (cuneus ungulae) of the hoof, depending on the character of the ground-surface, bear only a small part of the body weight This is in contrast to the claw (see Atlas of Bovine Anatomy) Within the hoof, the body weight of a horse is transferred from the coffin bone (os ungulare) to the hoof plate by the suspensory... transfer part of the weight upon the limb to the inside of the wall through the following structures: distal phalanx, to the dermal lamellae, by interdigitation to the horny lamellae of the wall, and through the sole border of the wall to the ground IV The slightly concave sole segment (Solea) occupies the space between the sole border of the wall and the grog/bulb segment The dermis of the sole (4)... obturator in the trochanteric fossa The pectineus (and long adductor; 14) takes origin from the contralateral iliopubic eminence so that its tendon of origin crosses the median plane The tendon of origin, and that of the pectineus of the other side, thus form the bulk of the prepubic tendon The spindle-shaped belly of the pectineus ends at the middle of the medial border of the femur The adductor (magnus... suspensory apparatus of the coffin bone (apparatus suspensorius ossis ungulae) and by this to the solear border of this hoof plate I DEFINITION OF THE SUSPENSORY APPARATUS OF THE COFFIN BONE The suspensory apparatus of the coffin bone is a constituent of the equine hoof The concept, suspensory apparatus of the coffin bone, comprises all connective tissue and epithelial structures in the wall segment as... fills the space between the wall and frog; its parts between quarters and bars are its angles The triangular frog (27, 28) projects into the sole from behind and closes the gap between the heels Its two curar at the back of the hoof, thicken, spread upwards, an overhang the heels as the bulbs of the heels (26) The bulbs of the heels together with the frog are the homologue of the digital pad 5 6 The. .. digital artery at the level of the proximal border of the ungular cartilage It gives off a branch peripherally into the bulb of the heel and an axial branch to the crus of the frog The coronal artery (7) arises from the abaxial wall of the plantar digital artery closely above the proximal border of the hoof capsule It gives off dorsal branches and branches for the quarter region Shortly before the plantar... cartilages These lie against the concave deep surface of the hoof but project with their dorsal borders above the coronary border of the wall Several ligaments attach the hoof cartilages to the three phalanges and to the navicular bone The latter forms part of the plantar (palmar) wall of the coffin joint capsule, articulating with both middle and distal phalanges It is suspended from the distal end of the. .. and the tibialis caudalis The tendon of the medial digital flexor (29) passes the medial surface of the hock to join the combined tendon of the other two muscles below the hock The combined tendon of the lateral digital flexor (34) and tibialis caudalis (33) pass the hock caudally by passing over the sustentaculum tali The popliteus (27) lies deep to the preceding muscles on the caudal surface of the. .. on the sole surface of the distal phalanx and presents short dermal papillae The horn of the sole is hard tubular horn A subcutis is absent V The frog/bulb segment forms part of the ground- and the palmar/plantar surface of the hoof The dermis of the frog/bulb segment (8, 5) presents papillae which spiral in the bulbar part while being straight where they underlie the frog The horn produced by the. .. tendons on the medial condyle of femur and tibia 4 5 c) LEG (Crus) Opposite the stifle the tibial nerve gives off distal muscular branches to the extensors of the hock and flexors of the digit described in the next paragraph The nerve then descends between the two heads of the gastrocnemius and along the medial surface of the common calcanean tendon to give rise, before reaching the hock, to the lateral . three-volume work on the Anatomy of the Dog (1), of the Horse (2), and of the Bovine (3), we pursue the goal to show the structure of the body by illustrations. example the general anatomy of the autonomic nervous system, can be found in the Anatomy of the Dog (Vol. 1). With the ever increasing importance of the horse