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Organizational behavior: Lecture 32 provide students with knowledge about: four symptoms of structural weakness; organizational strategy; environmental factors; work design and technology; continuous improvement processes; process reengineering;... Please refer to this lesson for details!
Organizational Behavior (MGT-502) Lecture-32 Summary of Lecture-31 Elements of Organizational Structure Departmentalization Span of Control Organizational Structure Elements Formalization Centralization Common Organizational Design • Simple Structure • Bureaucracy • Matrix Structure The Distinguishing Feature of Job Design in the Future Evolving Forms of Organizational Design • Several new forms of organizational design –Self-managing teams –Team-based approach –The virtual organization Today’s Topics Four Symptoms of Structural Weakness • Delay in decision making Overloaded hierarchy; information funneling limited to too few channels • Poor quality decision making • Lack of innovative response to changing environment • High level of conflict Right information not reaching right people in right format No coordinating effort Departments work against each other, not for organizational goals Organizational Strategy Mission What we are or want to be? Specific Goals What must be achieved? When? Strategy What will we to get there? Environmental Factors • Environmental Uncertainty – Exists when managers have little information about environmental events and their impact on the organization – When the organizational environment is complex and dynamic, the manager may have little information about future events and have great difficulty predicting them Work Schedule Options • Flextime: Employees work during a common core time period each day but have discretion in forming their total workday from a flexible set of hours outside the core • Job Sharing: The practice of having two or more people split a 40-hour-a-week job • Telecommuting: Employees their work at home on a computer that is linked to their office Example of a Flextime Schedule Telecommuting • Advantages – Larger labor pool – Higher productivity – Less turnover – Improved morale – Reduced officespace costs • Disadvantages (Employer) – Less direct supervision of employees – Difficult to coordinate teamwork – Difficult to evaluate non-quantitative performance Summary Elements of the Environment Technology Political/Legal The Organization Sociocultural Economic Work Design and Technology Technology in the Workplace • Continuous Improvement Processes – Good isn’t good enough – Focus is on constantly reducing the variability in the organizational processes to produce more uniform products and services • Lowers costs and raises quality • Increases customer satisfaction – Organizational impact • Additional stress on employees to constantly excel • Requires constant change in organization Process Reengineering Rethinking and redesigning the processes by which the organization creates value and does work, ridding itself of operations that have become antiquated What’s an e-Organization? A profit or nonprofit organization that uses the Internet and private network links to facilitate activities and communication Work Redesign Options • Job Rotation: The periodic shifting of a worker from one task to another • Job Enlargement: The horizontal expansion of jobs • Job Enrichment: The vertical expansion of jobs Work Schedule Options • Flextime: Employees work during a common core time period each day but have discretion in forming their total workday from a flexible set of hours outside the core • Job Sharing: The practice of having two or more people split a 40-hour-a-week job • Telecommuting: Employees their work at home on a computer that is linked to their office Next… Human Resource Policies and Practices Organizational Behavior (MGT-502) Lecture-32 ... 40-hour-a-week job • Telecommuting: Employees their work at home on a computer that is linked to their office Next… Human Resource Policies and Practices Organizational Behavior (MGT-502) Lecture- 32. ..Summary of Lecture- 31 Elements of Organizational Structure Departmentalization Span of Control Organizational Structure Elements Formalization Centralization Common Organizational Design... / manufacturer Financial Institution internet consumer Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Basic Forms of Electronic Commerce Business-to-Business (B2B) The Virtual Community Bulletin Boards Types of