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Organizational behavior: Lecture 5 provide students with knowledge about: challenges to organizations; implications of globalization; intellectual abilities; physical ability; learning theories; methods of shaping behavior;... Please refer to this lesson for details!
Organizational Behavior (MGT-502) Lecture-5 Summary of Lecture-4 Understanding the Basics of Human Behavior Variables Influencing Individual Behavior The Person • Skills & abilities • Personality • Perceptions • Attitudes •Values • Ethics The Environment • Organization • Work group • Job • Personal life Behavior B = f(P,E) Types of work-related behaviour Joining the organisation Exhibiting organisational citizenship Performing required tasks Types of work-related behaviour Remaining with the organisation Maintaining work attendance Today’s Topics Challenges to Organizations Globalization Diversity Technology Ethics Globalization Implications of globalization: –New organizational structures –Different forms of communication –More competition, change, mergers, downsizing, stress –Need more sensitivity to cultural differences Classical Conditioning • In classical conditioning, an individual responds to some stimulus that would not ordinarily produce such a response • This theory grew out of Pavlov’s experiments • Classical conditioning is passive Something happens, and we react in a specific way As such, it can explain simple, reflexive behaviors Operant Conditioning • In operant conditioning, desired voluntary behavior leads to a reward or stops a punishment This theory argues that behavior is a function of consequences Operant behavior is learned or voluntary, not reflexive or unlearned • Law of Effect, Reinforcement Positive Reinforcement Negative Reinforcement Methods of Shaping Behavior Punishment Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter Extinction 32 Social Learning • People can learn through observation and direct experience Shaping Behavior: A Managerial Tool Organizational Applications • Well Pay versus Sick Pay • Employee Discipline • Developing Training Programs • Mentoring Programs • Self Management p o t s s ’ e t r e e L th i Summary Challenges to Organizations Globalization Diversity Technology Ethics Ability • Mental and physical capabilities to perform various tasks Learning • A relatively permanent change in the behavior occurring as a result of experience Learning Theories Social Learning Classical Conditioning Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter Operant Conditioning 41 Next… •Values •Attitudes Organizational Behavior (MGT-502) Lecture-5 ... Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter Operant Conditioning 41 Next… •Values •Attitudes Organizational Behavior (MGT -5 0 2) Lecture- 5 ... human relations •EI abilities in five areas: •Self-awareness •Managing emotions •Motivating oneself •Empathy •Handling relationships 25 The Ability-Job Fit • Abilities of the employee • Requirements...Summary of Lecture- 4 Understanding the Basics of Human Behavior Variables Influencing Individual Behavior The