Logo NXB AGRICULTURE PUBLISHING HOUSE SOFRI VIETNAM Southern Fruit Research Institute (SOFRI) Information Center for Agriculture and Rural Development (ICARD) FRUITS IN VIETNAM Agriculture Publishing House Ho Chi Minh City, 2002 CONTENT BANANA ………………………… Page 4,5 JACKFRUIT …………… DRAGON FRUIT ……… Page 6,7 LIME … ………………………… DURIAN …………………….… Page 8,9 LANGSAT … ……………… LONGAN …………………….… Page 10,11 RAMBAI ……… …………… MANGO ……………….……… Page 12,13 LYCHEE ………………….… ORANGE ………………………… Page 14,15 MANGOSTEEN …… PINEAPPLE ………………… Page 16,17 PAPAYA …………………… POMELO (PUMMELO) Page 18,19 PEAR ………………………… RAMBUTAN ………………… Page 20,21 PLUM …………….……… … SAPODILLA ….……………… Page 22,23 PEACH …………………… TANGERINE ……………… Page 24,25 PERSIMMON ………… AVOCADO …………………… Page 26 SOURSOP …………….…… CARAMBOLA …………… Page 26 SUGAR APPLE ….…… BARBADOS CHERRY Page 26 STAR APPLE ………… GRAPE …………………….…… Page 26 WATERMELON …… JUJUBE ………………….……… Page 27 WAX APPLE …………… GUAVA …………………….…… Page 27 YOUNG COCONUT OTAHEI APPLE …… Page 27 Page 27 Page 28 Page 28 Page 28 Page 28 Page 29 Page 29 Page 29 Page 29 Page 30 Page30 Page30 Page 30 Page 31 Page 31 Page 31 Page 31 INTRODUCTION The fruit industry in Vietnam has had a long background of development Their markets has been expanded fast as Vietnamese fruit production has gone to some countries in the world, getting a larger demand for the products in both local and international markets The purpose of this booklet is to help people who are interesting in the varieties of Vietnamese fruit A concise presentation of fruit products, including English name, scientific name as well as the name in Vietnamese of the fruits being presented, has been given along with other information on the nutritional value of the fruits and the crop season In addition, the map of fruit growing places in Vietnam was included for easier reference The booklet is published with collaboration of Southern Fruit Research Institute (SOFRI), Information Center for Agriculture and Rural Development (ICARD), Research Institute for Fruits and Vegetables (RIFAV), Vietnam Fruit Association (VINAFRUIT), and financed by the Program on Market Development and Trade Promotion of Agro-forestry Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) BANANA English name: Banana Vietnamese name: Chuoái Scientific name: Musa spp Nutritional value : Rich in carbonhydrate and vitamin A, calcium and phosphorus Fruiting season : All year round Uses : Eating fresh Storage : Fresh fruit can be kept in the refrigerator for - days Fruits in Vietnam Varieties Già (Tiêu) Weight : 140-160g/fruit, thick skin Colour : Bright yellow skin, white flesh when ripe Taste : Sweet and fragrant Già Cau (Ngự) Weight : 45-50 g./fruit, thin skin Colour : Golden yellow skin, yellowish white flesh when ripe Taste : Sweet with appealing fragrance Cau Xieâm (Sứ, Tây) Weight : 90-100 g/fruit, the skin is thickness Colour : Smoky yellow skin, yellowish white sticky flesh when ripe Taste : Sweet Xieâm Fruits in Vietnam DRAGON FRUIT English name: Dragon fruit Vietnamese name: Thanh long Scientific name: Hylocerus undatus (Haw) Brit & Rose Nutritional value : Excellent nutrient levels Fruiting season : All year round Uses : Eating fresh, making juice or puree Storage : Fresh fruit can be kept in the room temperature (25-30oC) for - days Fruits in Vietnam Varieties Preparation and eating Bình thuận Weight : 300-500g/fruit, thick skin Colour : Green skin when it is young, and turning red when ripe, white flesh Taste : Slightly sweet and fat Bình thuận Chợ gạo Weight : 300 - 450 g/fruit, thin skin Colour : Green skin when it is young, and turning pink when ripe, white flesh Taste : Slightly sweet and fat Chợ gạo Ruột đỏ Weight : 300 - 450g/fruit, thick skin Colour : Green skin when it is young, and turning red when ripe, red flesh Taste : Slightly sweet and fat Ruột đỏ Fruits in Vietnam DURIAN English name: Durian Vietnamese name: Sầu riêng Scientific name: Durio zibethinus Murr Nutritional value : Rich in vitamin A, calcium, phosphorus Fruiting season : All year round Uses : Eating fresh, making durian paste Storage : Fresh fruit can be kept in the refrigerator for - days Fruits in Vietnam Varieties Sữa hạt lép Shape : Globular Weight : - kg Colour : Mature fruit- golden yellowbrown; flesh-creamy yellow Taste : Sweet and fragrant Preparation and eating Sữa hạt lép Monthong Shape : Elongated Weight : - kg Colour : Mature fruit- golden yellowbrown; flesh-creamy yellow Taste : Sweet and fragrant Monthong RI - Shape : Ellipse Weight : 2,5 - 4,5 kg Colour : Mature fruit- golden yellowbrown; flesh-creamy golden Taste : Sweet and fragrant RI - B 31 Shape : Globular Weight : - kg Colour : Mature fruit- golden yellowbrown; flesh-creamy yellow Taste : Sweet and fragrant B 31 Fruits in Vietnam Varieties Preparation and eating Java Shape : Globular Weight : 25 - 35g/fruit Colour : Red skin, the hair is long and red Taste : Sweet Java Nhaõn Shape : Globular Weight : 20 - 25g/fruit Colour : Yellowish red skin, the hair is short and red Taste : Sweet Nhaõn Rong rieâng Shape : Ovate Weight : 25 - 35g/fruit Colour : Bright red skin, end of hair is green, the flesh is white Taste : Sweet Rong rieâng Fruits in Vietnam 21 SAPODILLA English name: Sapodilla Vietnamese name: Sa pô ( Hồng xiêm) Scientific name: Achras sapota L Nutritional value : Rich in calcium Fruiting season : All year round Uses : Eating fresh Storage : Fresh fruit can be kept in the refrigerator for - days 22 Fruits in Vietnam Varieties Preparation and eating Lồng mứt Shape : Globular and longish Weight : 180 - 350g/fruit Colour : Greenish brown skin, the flesh is redish brown Taste : Sweet Lồng mứt Mehico Shape : Globular Weight : 250 - 400g/fruit Colour : Redish brown skin, the flesh is red brown Taste : Sweet Mehico Xuân đỉnh Shape : Globular and longish Weight : 200 - 300g/fruit Colour : Greenish brown skin, the flesh is redish brown Taste : Sweet Xuân đỉnh Fruits in Vietnam 23 TANGERINE English name: Tangerine Vietnamese name: Quyùt Scientific name: Citrus reticulata Blanco Nutritional value : Rich in vitamin C and A Fruiting season : September - March Uses : Eating fresh, made juice Storage : Keep the fresh fruit at room temperature (20 – 30oC) it can be kept for - days 24 Fruits in Vietnam Varieties Preparation and eating Tieàu Shape : Flattened sphere Weight : 200 - 300 g/fruit Colour : Yellow skin, pink flesh Taste : Sweet and slightly sour, juicy Tiều Đường Shape : Flattened sphere Weight : 180 - 280 g/fruit Colour : Yellowish green skin, pink flesh Taste : Sweet and juicy Đường Cam saønh (King Orange) Shape : Flattened sphere Weight : 200 - 380 g/fruit Colour : Green skin when it ripe, pink flesh Taste : Sweet and juicy Cam saønh Fruits in Vietnam 25 OTHER FRUITS English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses : Avocado Bô Persea americana Mill April - September Eating fresh, English name : Carambola, Star fruit Vietnamese name : Kheá Scientific name : Averrhoa carambola L Fruiting season : All year round Uses : Eating fresh English name : Barbados cherry Vietnamese name : Sô ri Scientific name : Malpighia glabra Fruiting season : All year round Uses : Eating fresh English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses 26 Fruits in Vietnam Grape Nho Vitis vinifera L All year round, abundant during June - July and January - February : Eating fresh, made juice for canning OTHER FRUITS English name : Jujube Vietnamese name : Taùo Scientific name : Zixyphus mauritiana Lamk Fruiting season : May - December Uses English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses : Eating fresh, made juice Guava OÅi Psidium guajava L All year round : Eating fresh, made juice English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses 27 Fruits in Vietnam Jack Fruit Mít Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk March - August : Eating fresh, dried Lime Chanh Citrus aurantifolia Swing All year round : Made juice OTHER FRUITS English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses Langsat Boøn bon Lansium domesticum July - October : Eating fresh English name : Rambai Vietnamese name : Daâu da Scientific name : Baccaurea sapida Fruiting season : July - October Uses : Eating fresh English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses : Lychee Vaûi Litchi chinensis Sonn May - July Eating fresh and processed and canned English name : Mangosteen Vietnamese name : Măng cụt Scientific name : Garcinia mangostana L Fruiting season : May - September Uses : Eating fresh 28 Fruits in Vietnam OTHER FRUITS English name : Papaya Vietnamese name : Ñu ñuû Scientific name : Carica papaya L Fruiting season : All year round Uses : Eating fresh and canning English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses Pear Leâ Purus communis May - August : Eating fresh English name : Plum Vietnamese name : Maän Scientific name : Prunus salicina Fruiting season : May - August Uses : Eating fresh English name : Peach Vietnamese name : Đào Scientific name : Prnus persica Fruiting season : May - July Uses : Eating fresh 29 Fruits in Vietnam OTHER FRUITS English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses Persimmon Hoàng Diospryros kaki L.f September - November : Eating fresh, dried Soursop Mãng cầu xiêm Annona muricata All year round, abundant from June through November : Eating fresh English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses Sweetsop/Sugar Apple Na/Mãng cầu dai Annona squamosa L All year round, abundant between June and November : Eating fresh English name : Star apple/ Milk fruit Vietnamese name : Vú sữa Scientific name : Chrysophyllum cainito Fruiting season : November - March Uses : Eating fresh 30 Fruits in Vietnam OTHER FRUITS English name : Watermelon Vietnamese name : Dưa hấu Scientific name : Citrullus vulgaris Schard Fruiting season : All year round Uses English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses : Eating fresh, made juice Wax apple/ java apple Gioi/Maän Eugenia jaanica Lamk All year round : Eating fresh English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses : English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses : 31 Fruits in Vietnam Young Coconut Dừa Cocos nucifera L All year round Eating fresh, making juice Otaheit apple Coùc Spondias cytherea August - December Eating fresh NUTRITIVE VALUES OF FRUITS (Per 100 g Edible Portion) Energy Protein Lipid No Fruits (calo) (g) Ca P Fe (mg) (mg) (mg) (mg) Vitamin (IU, mg) A (IU) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Avocado Banana Coconut Dragon fruit Durian Grape Guava Jack fruit Jujube Langsat Longan Lychee Tangerine Mango Mangosteen Orange Papaya Persimmon Pineapple Plum Pummelo Rambutan Sapodilla Star apple Strawberry Sweetsop Wax apple 265 145 17,4 67 124 75 50 97 113 57 71 57 40 81 76 43 50 28 54 24 59 63 96 72 34 66 16 1,7 1,8 1,1 2,5 0,4 1,3 1,7 0,7 1 0,9 0,6 0,5 0,7 0,9 0,6 0,7 0,4 0,6 0,9 1,3 0,8 1,6 0,4 26 0,2 10 1,6 0,3 0,4 0,3 0,3 1,4 30 0,2 0,8 0,2 1,3 0,9 0,6 0,5 - 45 20 134 20 13 21 30 25 45 25 18 34 12 10 22 28 30 32 80 25 35 12 44 0,3 350 23 633 0,5 27 63 0,9 24 0,4 83 20 0,5 89 28 0,4 30 0,9 50 25 0,9 15 28 41 1,3 24 0,8 1,6 15 0,3 17 0,9 14 23 0,4 200 22 2,5 435 19 0,2 0,4 15 20 21 0,7 10 1,8 24 85 820 0,9 17 45 0,5 - B1 B2 C PP (mg) (mg) (mg) (mg) 0,16 0,03 0,1 0,06 0,04 0,08 0,04 0,11 0,04 0,17 0,06 0,8 0,04 0,01 0,09 0,06 0,07 0,04 0,01 0,18 0,04 - 0,12 25 0,05 9,4 35 0,06 0,2 0,13 132 1,1 0,04 0,18 23 0,04 24 0,07 0,6 0,04 0,3 0,04 42 0,4 0,09 43 0,8 0,01 66 0,4 0,03 48 0,75 0,03 78 0,3 0,02 16 0,2 0,04 17 0,2 0,04 0,5 0,02 11 0,05 31 0,6 0,01 0,3 0,14 0,03 53 30 - 32 Fruits in Vietnam Fruiting seasons inVietnam JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL Avocado Banana Barbados cherry Carambola Dragon fruit Durian Grape Guava Jack fruit Jujube Langsat Lime Longan Lychee Mango Mangosteen Orange Otaheit apple Papaya Peach Pear Persimmon Pineapple Plum Pummelo Rambai Rambutan Sapodilla Soursop Start apple Sweetsop Tangerine Watermelon Wax apple Young coconut AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Major fruit producing areas in Vietnam Longan Lychee Mango Banana Avocado Pummelo Orange Tangerine Mangosteen Rambutan VIETNAM Durian Sweetsop 8.30o - 23.22o North 102.1o - 109.24o East Soursop Sapodilla Grape Papaya Jackfruit Langsat Pineapple Guava Watermelon Dragon fruit Young coconut Passionfruit Plum Lime Babados Cherry Star Apple With collaboration of: Mr Nguyen Minh Chau Mr Pham Ngoc Lieu Mrs.Le Thi Thu Hong Mr Dang Kim Son Mr Nguyen Van Tinh Mr Nguyen Man Editorial group: Mr Ta Minh Tuan Mr Doan Huu Tien Mr Luong Ngoc Trung Lap Southern Fruit Research Institute (SOFRI) Long Dinh Village, Chau Thanh District, Tien Giang Province Box 203 My Tho, Tien giang, Vietnam Tel: 84.73.834736; 84.73.834699; 84.73.834680; 84.73.893125 Fax: 84.73.893122, Email: ttcaq@hcm.vnn.vn Information Center for Agriculture & Rural Development (ICARD) Ngoc Ha Str., Ba Dinh Dist Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: (84.4) 7333981, Fax: (84.4) 8230381, Email: icard@hn.vnn.vn ... made juice English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses 27 Fruits in Vietnam Jack Fruit Mít... Eating fresh 29 Fruits in Vietnam OTHER FRUITS English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses... Eating fresh English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses : English name : Vietnamese name : Scientific name : Fruiting season : Uses : 31 Fruits in Vietnam Young Coconut