[...]... Fields, Magnetic Fields and combined Electric and Magnetic Fields are given, • The Mathematical Equations describing the Motion are derived, • The Practical Application of this study in a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope is also given, 2 Electronic Devices and Circuits 1.1 ELECTRON DYNAMICS The term Electron Dynamics refers to the analogy between an electron under electric and magnetic fields, and a body falling... with motion of electrons in metals only, whereas Electronic engineering deals with motion of charged particles (electrons and holes) in metals, semiconductors and also in vacuum Another difference is, in electrical engineering the voltages and currents are of very high-kilovolts, and Amperes, whereas in electronic engineering one deals with few volts and rnA Yet another difference is, in electrical... 10-6 Him "This page is Intentionally Left Blank" .Brief History of Electronics In science we study about the laws of nature and its verification and in technology, we study the applications of these laws to human needs Electronics is the science and technology of the passage of charged particles in a gas or vacuum or semiconductor Before electronic engineering came into existence, electrical engineering... from a cannon, it traverses a path and falls under gravity The motion of an electron is similar to the trajectory of a shell In this chapter, we study the motion of electrons in electric fields and magnetic fields First we consider only uniform electric fields and then uniform magnetic fields, parallel electric and magnetic fields and then perpendicular electric and magnetic fields The radius of an... mathematical form, x V=- f Xo E dx =- E (x - xo) Electronic Devices and Circuits 8 Negative sign is to indicate that the work is done against the field The integral gives the work done Ex = -v -v (X-Xo) - x Negative sign is for work done on a positive charge, against the field For electrons the electric field E = + V/d Butthis is true when V and 'd' are small and V is uniform If V is not uniform, incremental... 0 m ' Fm=O ~ will be there, only when B and v are perpendicular to each other Case (ii) Electron-moving parallel to the field: No effect B and v should be perpendicular to each other Case (iii) Case (iv) Electron moving perpendicular to the field: Motion is a circle Electron velocity making an angle '9' with the field: Motion is helix.· Electronic Devices and Circuits 16 A particle whose initial velocity... (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) The first radio broadcasting station was built in 1920 in USA In 1930, black and white television transmission started in USA In 1950, Colour television broadcasting was started The electronics Industry can be divided into 4 categories: Components Transistors, ICs, R, L, C components Communications Radio, Television, Telephone - wireless, landline communications... A ' where J is amp/m 2 and A is the C.S.A (m 2) Ne But 1= T, where N is the total number of electrons contained in a conductor of length L If an electron takes a time T sec to travel a distance of L m in the conductor, the total number of electrons passing through any cross section of wire in unit time is : Total Number of electrons in a conductor = N Electronic Devices and Circuits 14 The charge per... 1,00,000 components/chip, Ex : 16 bit and 32 bit flPS 1981 : 16 bit fl P > 1,00,000 components/chip, Ex : 16 bit and 32 bit flPS 1982: 100,000 Transistors, (80286) was developed 1984 : CHMOS > 2,00,000 components/chip Ex : 16 bit and 32 bit flPS 1985 : 32 bit fl P > 4,50,000 components/chip Ex : 16 bit and 32 bit flPS 1986 : 64 bit fl P > 10,00,000 components/chip Ex: 16 bit and 32 bit flPS 1987 : MMICS Monolithic... 2 Vo t + + constant 2 t=o, x = Xo = constant x At at' Vo t + 2 + Xo x at 2 = xo+vot+- 2 I ( 1.3 ) This is the expression for x or the trajectory of the electron at any instant of time 't' Electronic Devices and Circuits 4 This is under the assumption that acceleration is constant or electric field (uniform electric field) E is constant Some solved numerical problems are given here, which will explain . h1" alt="" Electronic Devices and Circuits Dr. K. Lal Kishore Ph.D, MIEEE, FIETE, MISTE, MISHM. Registrar and Professor of Electronics &. engineering the voltages and currents are of very high-kilovolts, and Amperes, whereas in electronic engineering one deals with few volts and rnA. Yet another