Introduction to Nanotechnology Alberto Quiñonez, Ph.D. Professor Electronics and Advanced Technologies Austin Community College 1 Objective The purpose of this module is to introduce the emerging nanotechnology field to novices of nanotechnology. 2 Topics • Nanotechnology Terms and Definitions • History of Nanotechnology • Current and Future Trends, Research and Applications 3 Where does your imagination take you?Figure 1.1: Preface Is nanotechnology the gateway to the future for human beings on Earth? 4 Figure 1.3: Arnold Schwarzenegger’s character mentions nanotechnology in “The Terminator 3” movie. “…its arsenal includes nanotechnological transjectors…It can control other machines.” Figure 1.2: A nanocar made from a single molecule. Emergence 5 Nanotechnology Language • Nanobio • Nanodots • Nanowires • Nanoelectronics • Nanobots • Nanomaterials • Nanochondria Yow! Yow! Figure 1.4: Searching for nanotechnology. 6 Definition “Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications.” “Encompassing nanoscale science, engineering and technology, nanotechnology involves imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter at this length scale.” National Nanotechnology Initiative, 2007 7 Figure 1.5: National Nanotechnology Initiative. Scale of Things—Nanometers 8 Internships Figure 1.6: Sematech nanoscholar interns of Texas. 9 Brief History Figure 1.7: Stained glass windows. Figure 1.8: Picture of gold nano particles. 10 The concepts of nanotechnology are not new to nature or to mankind. An early example of a manmade nanoprocess is stained glass. [...]... Present at the creation Issues in Science & Technology; Summer 2005 Vol 21, p49, 6p • Lieberman, Marya (2007) Self- assembled monolayers and multilayers of phthalocyanines University of Notre Dame: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Retrieved 7/02/2007 from http://www.nd.edu/~mlieberm/ • Mandal, Deendayal; Bolander, Mark E.; Mukhopadhyay, Debrabrata; Sarkar, Gobinda; • Mukherjee, Priyabrata (2006, January)... What is Nanotechnology? Retrieved 6/25/2007 from http://www .nano. gov/html/facts/whatIsNano.html • Rappaport, Tatiana Gabriela (2006) Semiconductors: Nanostructures and applications in spintronics and quantum computation Vol 809 issue 1, p.326, 17p 25 References, Continued • Ratner, Mark & Ratner, Daniel (2003) Nanotechnology: A Gentle Introduction to the Next Big Idea New Jersey: Prentice Hall PTR... chip manufacturers Figure 1.23: Moore’s Law Figure 1.24: Photolithography 20 More History, Continued Bottom-Up Approach •Bottom-up approach to manufacturing is analogous to the way biological systems are made Figure 1.25: An example of a molecular self assembly through hydrogen bonds 21 Summary Nanotechnology is ubiquitous and pervasive It is an emerging field in all areas of science, engineering and... January) The use of Microorganisms for the formation of metal nanoparticles and their application Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol 69 Issue 5, p 485, 8p • Mostow, Jonathan (Director) (2003) Terminator 3: Rise Of The Machines [Motion Picture] United States: Warner Bros Pictures 24 References, Continued • Murday, James F (2005) Nanotechnology: Hype and Hope in Aerospace Applications Advanced Materials... Materials and Processes Vol 163, Issue 12, P 21, 2p • Nanotechnology at UT Austin (2007) Graduate Portfolio Program Retrieved 6/27/2007 from http://www.cnm.utexas.edu/graduateportfolio.html • Nanotechnology Now (2006, March) Nanotechnology documentary to be filmed at nanoTX'06 Retrieved 7/02/2007 from http://www.nanotechnow.com/news.cgi?story_id=14281 • National Nanotechnology Initiative - NNI (2007) What... Love, J.C., Alivisatos, A. P et al (2002) Understanding Nanotechnology: Scientific American New York: Warner Books • Terra, Richard P (2000, March) National Nanotechnology Initiative in FY2001 Budget: Clinton Administration Requests $497 million for NT-Related R&D Funding Foresight Nanotech Institute Retrieved 4/02/2007 from http://www.foresight.org/Updates/Update40/Update40.1.html • UNL News Releases (2006,... technology Welcome to NanoWor ld! Figure 1.26: Robot image 22 References • American Ceramic Society (2006, March) Overview of Safety, Risks American Ceramic Society Bulletin Vol 85 Issue 3, p6, 1/6 p • Booker, Richard & Boysen, Earl (2005) Nanotechnology for Dummies NJ: Wiley Publishing Inc • Diott, D.D (2006, April) Thinking big (and small) about energetic materials Material Science and Technology Vol... “Why cannot we write the entire 24 volumes of the Encyclopedia Britannica on the head of a pin?” Dr Richard Feynman, one of America’s most notable physicists, 1918-1988 Figure 1.11: Richard Feynman 12 Brief History Continued, Dr Feynman, Continued • “The problems of chemistry and biology can be greatly helped if our ability to see what we are doing, and to do things on an atomic level, is ultimately... atoms are white Figure 1.13: A nanotechnology self- assembly process 14 More History Eric Drexler • Coined the term “Grey Goo”…the potential problem of self- replicating and autonomous artificial intelligence machines Engines of Creation The Coming Era of Nanotechnology By K Eric Drexler Figure 1.14: Drexler’s book Figure 1.15: DNA damage 15 More History, Continued Eric Drexler, Continued Cell Repair Machines... 1.19: Carbon-60 buckyball is shaped like a soccer ball Figure 1.20: Example of Nobel prize diploma 18 More History, Continued Fullerenes • Carbon 60 was named after Richard Buckminster Fuller, who went by the nickname “Bucky.” Figure 1.21: A “Buckyball.” Figure 1.22: Dome over biosphere in Montreal 19 More History, Continued Top-Down Approach • Two approaches used in producing nanotechnology systems . control other machines.” Figure 1.2: A nanocar made from a single molecule. Emergence 5 Nanotechnology Language • Nanobio • Nanodots • Nanowires • Nanoelectronics • Nanobots • Nanomaterials • Nanochondria Yow! Yow! Figure. Language • Nanobio • Nanodots • Nanowires • Nanoelectronics • Nanobots • Nanomaterials • Nanochondria Yow! Yow! Figure 1.4: Searching for nanotechnology. 6 Definition “Nanotechnology is the understanding and control