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Conditional sentences Grammar Conditional sentences I Basic conditional sentences II The mixed conditional sentence type II and III III Inversion in Conditional sentences IV Some variants of condition.
Grammar: Conditional sentences I: Basic conditional sentences II The mixed conditional sentence type II and III III: Inversion in Conditional sentences IV Some variants of conditional sentences I: Conditional sentences Type 1: IF S + V (hiện tại) , S + WILL ( CAN, MAY) + V (nguyên mẫu) Cách dùng: Chỉ việc xảy tương lai ex: If it is sunny, I will go fishing Type 2: IF S + V (quá khứ) , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) + V (nguyên mẫu) ( be dùng were dù chủ từ số hay nhiều ) Cách dùng: Chỉ việc khơng thể khó xảy tương lai Ex : If I were you, I would go abroad Type 3: IF S +HAD +P.P , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) HAVE + P.P Cách dùng: Chỉ việc không xảy khứ Ex: If I hadn’t been absent yesterday, I would have met him Exercise I: Choose the best answer: I would have visited you before if there _ quite a lot of people in your house A hadn't B hadn't been C wouldn't be D wasn't If I _, I would express my feelings B were asked B would ask C had been asked Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary? A stole D asked B have stolen C were to steal D steal John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business C would invest B invested C had invested D invests If the wall weren't so high, he _ it up to take his ball down D climbed B could climb Unless you understand, I You should stay home if 10 If I A must be D climb explain it to you again it You’ll burn yourself if you aren’t If anybody C is climbing A rain A Am B rained A Good question, please ask me after class C rains B careful A have somebody else, I’d like to be the teacher B could be C would be B would D became C will D was D raining C kind B have the D working hard C has D has a Bài 2: Chia động từ study 1) If I (to study), I (to pass) will pass the exams 2) If the sun (to shine),shines we (to walk) will walk to the town hasa temperature, he (to see) 3) If he (to have) come 4) If my friends (to come), I (to be) the doctor will be very happy earns 5) If she (to earn) a lot of money, she (to fly) travel 6) If we (to travel) to London, we (to visit) to New York will fly will visit the museums wear 7) If you (to wear) sandals in the mountains, you forgets 8) If Rita (to forget) her homework, the teacher gothe disco, they 9) If they (to go) to will see (to slip) on the rocks (to give) her a low mark (to listen) to loud music will listen wait 10) If you (to wait) a minute, I (to ask) my parents.will ask will slip will give Exercise 3: Choose the best answer If she …………………… the lottery last year, She…………………… rich now A Have won/would be C won /would be B had won/would be D wins/will be If I …………… the homework last night, I…………… bonus today B Had done/would get C done/would get B had done/would have got D does/will get If we had played this game yesterday, we……………….a lot of money now A Will have B may have C would have had D would have If it ……………………………last night, it would be cold today A Had rained B rained C have rained D was raining If she……………….to me, she…………………… in trouble right now C Had listened/would be C had listened/would not be B had listened/would have be D A & B Ex 4: Put the verb into the correct form 1) If I was offered the job, I think I (take)………… it would take refused 2) I’m sure Tom will lend you some money I would be very surprised if he (refuse)…………… 3) Many people would be out of work if that factory (close)……………down closed 4) If she sold her car, she (not/get)………… much for it wouldmoney not get 5) They’re expecting us They would be disappointed if we (not come)……………… 6) Would George be angry If I (take)…………… his bicycle without asking? took would 7) Ann give me this ring She (be)…………….terribly upset if I be lost it walked 8) If someone (walk)………… in here with a gun, I’d be very frightened didn’t come Exercise 5: Read the situation and write a sentence with If 1) I’m not going to buy that mobile phone because it’s too expensive If that mobile phone weren’t so expensive, I would buy it 2) She doesn’t go out very often because she can’t walk without help If she could walk without help, she would go out more often 3) He is fat but he doesn’t play sport If he played sports, he wouldn’t be fat 4) We can’t go out for lunch because it’s raining If it weren’t raining, we could be able to gou out for lunch 5) I can’t see you this Friday because I have to work If I didn’t have to work, I could be able to see you tomorrow 6) Peter lives with his parents because he can’t buy a flat If Peter could buy a flat, he he wouldn’t live with his parents 7) Mary is sad because she has a small flat If Mary didn’t have a small flat, he wouldn’t be sad 8) I don’t know his email so I can’t send him an invitation If I knew his email, I could send him an invitation 9) I am so busy so I don’t have enough time to go to the supermarket If I weren’t busy, I would have enough time to go to the supermarket 10) I like to buy a new car but I don’t have enough money If I had enough money, I would buy a new car Bài 6:For each situation write a sentence beginning with if I wasn't hungry, so I didn't eat anything If I'd been hungry, I would have eaten something The accident happened because the road was icy If the road hadn't been icy, the accident would't have happened I didn't know that Joe had to get up early, so I didn't wake him up If I'd known, I'd have woken I was able to buy the car only because Jane lent me the money If Jane hadn't lent me the money, I wouldn't have been able to buy the car Karen wasn't injured in the crash because she was wearing a seat belt If Karen hadn't been wearing a seat belt, she 'd have been injured You didn't have any breakfast – that's why you're hungry now I you'd had, you wouldn't be hungry now I didn't get a taxi because I didn't have any money If I'd had money, I would have got a taxi II The mixed conditional sentence type II and III Cấu trúc Clause (would + V) + if + Clause (had + P2) Ex: If I had been born in town, I would like life there (the fact that I wasn’t born in town, so I don’t like life there now) Bài tập 2: Từ tình cho sẵn, viết câu điều kiện với If 1) Bob is tired now because he came home late last night If Bob hadn’t come home late last night, he wouldn’t be tired now 2) I revised my lesson so I get bonus scores today If I hadn’t revised my lesson, I wouldn’t have got bonus scores today 3) Anna didn’t learn English in high school, so she doesn’t have good job If Anna had learned English in high school, she would have had good job 4) I am not rich I didn’t buy new flat last month If I were rich, I would have bought new flat last month 5) We can’t reach Tony’s house now because we didn’t ask for direction before We could reach Tony’s house now if we had asked for direction before III: Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện Type I: • Nếu câu có “should” mệnh đề if, đảo “should” lên đầu câu Ex: If he should ring , I will tell him the news → Should he ring, I will tell him the news • Nếu câu khơng có “should”, phải mượn “should” Ex: If he has free time, he’ll play tennis → Should he have free time, he’ll play tennis Type II: • Nếu câu có động từ “were”, đảo “were” lên đầu Ex If I were you, I would invite him to the party → Were I you, I would invite him to the party • Nếu câu khơng có động từ “were” mượn “were’ dùng “ to V” Ex: If I learnt Russian, I would read a Russian book → Were I to learn Russian, I would read a Russian book Type III: Đảo trợ động từ q khứ hồn thành Ex: If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home → Had it rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home Chú ý: dạng phủ định, “not” đặt sau chủ ngữ: Ex: Had it not been so late, we would have called you Exercise 3: Choose the best answer If you should need some more money, take an extra twenty a Were you need some more money => _ take an extra twenty b Had you need some more money, c Should you need some more money, 2.If I were your teacher, I would insist you try harder => , I would insist you try harder a Were I your teacher b I were your teacher If my boss calls, please let me know right away => _, please let me know right away If I had thought of the right words, I would have told him what I was thinking! a I had thought of the right words a Should my boss call b Should my boss calls => , I would have told him what I was thinking! b Had I thought of the right words If I were a millionaire, I would not have to worry about spending money => _, I would not have to worry about spending money a Were I a millionaire 6.If they run out of tickets, we will have to go to another movie a Were they run out of tickets a Should you change your mind c I was a millionaire => , we will have to go to another movie b Should they run out of tickets If you change your mind, let me know b Was I a millionaire c Had they run out of tickets => , let me know b Do you change your mind c You change your mind If you had known my dad, you would have thought he was wonderful too _=> , you would have thought he was wonderful too a Know my dad If you had seen the bird dancing, you would have laughed too a Had you seen the bird dancing b Have you known my dad c Had you known my dad => dancing, you would have laughed too b Had you see the bird dancing c Were you seen the bird dancing 10 If I were a movie star, I could get any table in the fanciest restaurant => _ could get any table in the fanciest restaurant a Was I a movie star b Were I a movie star c Am I a movie star IV Một số dạng biến thể câu điều kiện (1) Unless = If not Ex: If I don't work hard, I will fail this exam = Unless I work hard, I will fail this exam (2) Without/ But for (Nếu khơng nhờ……./ Nếu khơng vì……… ) dùng câu điều kiện loại II, III Cấu trúc: Type II: Without/But for + Noun Phrases/Ving, S + could/would + Vinf… Type III: Without/But for + Noun Phrases/Ving, S + could/would + have + Ved/PII… Ex You help me everyday so I can finish my work → But for your daily help, I couldn’t finish my work If it hadn’t rained, they would have had a good picnic →But for the rain, they would have had a good picnic (3) Or/ Otherwise (Nếu khơng thì) Ex: If you don't hurry up, you will be late for school = Hurry up or / otherwise you will be late for school (4) Incase (Phòng khi) Thường sử dụng cho câu điều kiện loại Ex : Bring an umbrella along incase it rains (5) As long as/ So long as/ Providing that/ Provided that = If Cấu trúc chia tương tự If Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences , using the words in the blank If he doesn't practice writing every day, he can't improve his writing skill (Unless) ➔Unless he practices writing every day, he can't improve his writing skill If it hadn’t been for our parents, Kim wouldn’t have never been successful (But for ) ➔But for our parents, Kim wouldn’t have never been successful If Miss Trang hadn’t helped me, I would have fail (Otherwise) ➔Miss Trang helped me a lot Otherwise, I would have fail I sent an email to Liz but she didn't reply So I sent another email because perhaps she hadn't received the first one (in case ) ➔I sent I sent another email in case she hadn't received the first one You can use my car but you must drive carefully - this is a condition (so long as ) ➔You can use my car so long as you drive carefully ... feelings B were asked B would ask C had been asked Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary? A stole D asked B have stolen C were to steal D steal John would be taking a great risk if he _... thể câu điều kiện (1) Unless = If not Ex: If I don't work hard, I will fail this exam = Unless I work hard, I will fail this exam (2) Without/ But for (Nếu khơng nhờ……./ Nếu khơng vì……… ) dùng câu. .. didn’t ask for direction before We could reach Tony’s house now if we had asked for direction before III: Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện Type I: • Nếu câu có “should” mệnh đề if, đảo “should” lên đầu câu