[...]... AND TRACHEA 300 CHAPTER XXXIX DECANNULATION AFTER CURE OF LARYNGEAL STENOSIS 309 BIBLIOGRAPHY 311 INDEX 315 [17] CHAPTER I— INSTRUMENTARIUM Direct laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy and gastroscopy are procedures in which the lower air and food passages are inspected and treated by the aid of electrically lighted tubes which serve as specula to manipulate obstructing tissues out of the way and. .. inserted into the proximal end of the esophagoscope, and air insufflated by means of the hand aspirator or with a hand bulb The window can be replaced by a rubber diaphragm with a perforation for forceps if desired It will be noted that none of the endoscopic tubes are fitted with mandrins They are to be introduced under the direct guidance of the eye only Mandrins are obtainable, but their use is objectionable... 7 mm X 45 cm.; C and D, full lumen, with both light canal and drainage canal outside the wall of the tube, to be used for passing very large bougies This instrument is made in adult, child, and adolescent (8 mm by 45 cm.) sizes Gastroscopes and esophagoscopes of the sizes given above (A) and (B), can be used also as gastroscopes A small form of C, 5 mm X 30 cm is used in infants, and also as a retrograde... 4.—Author's short esophagoscopes and esophageal specula A, Esophageal speculum and hypopharyngoscope, adult's size; B, esophageal speculum and hypopharyngoscope, child's size; C, heavy handled short esophagoscope; D, heavy handled short esophagoscope with drainage.] [FIG 5.—Cross section of full-lumen esophagoscope for the use of largest bourgies The canals for the light carrier and for drainage are so constructed... adults and is somewhat easier to introduce than the 10 mm X 53 cm., which may be omitted from the set if economy must be practiced [FIG I.—Author's laryngoscopes These are the standard sizes and fulfill all requirements Many other forms have been devised by the author, but have been omitted from the list as unnecessary The infant diagnostic laryngoscope (C) is not for introducing bronchoscopes, and is... a comparatively small canal If the canal becomes obstructed during esophagoscopy, the positive pressure tube of the aspirator is used to blow out the obstruction Two sizes of esophagoscopes are all that are required —7 mm X 45 cm for children, and 10 mm X 53 cm for adults (Fig 3, A and B); but various other sizes and lengths are used by the author for special purposes.* Large esophagoscopes cause dangerous... the squarely cut-off distal end is best To have all of these different slants on hand would require too many tubes Therefore the author has settled upon a moderate angle for the end of both esophagoscopes and bronchoscopes that is easy to insert, and serves all purposes in the version and other manipulations required by the various mechanical problems of foreignbody extraction He has, however, retained... cm., and the 5 mm X 45 cm These are made with the drainage canal in various positions For operations on the upper end of the esophagus, and particularly for foreign body work, the esophageal speculum shown at A and B, in Fig 4, is of the greatest service With it, the anterior wall of the post-cricoidal pharynx is lifted forward, and the upper esophageal orifice exposed It can then be inserted deeper, and. .. largest adult For infants under one year, the proper tube is the 4 mm by 30 cm.; the child's size, 5 mm by 30 cm., is used for children aged from one to five years For children six years or over, the 7 mm by 40 cm bronchoscope (the adolescent size) can be used unless the smaller bronchi are to be explored The adult bronchoscope measures 9 mm by 40 cm The author occasionally uses special sizes, 5 mm x 45 cm.,... commissure is readily exposed, and because of this it is named the anterior commissure laryngoscope (Fig 1, D) The tip of the anterior commissure laryngoscope can be used to expose either ventricle of the larynx by lifting the ventricular band, or it may be passed through the adult glottis for work in the subglottic region This instrument may also be used as an esophageal speculum and as a pleuroscope A side-slide . Project Gutenberg eBook, Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy, by Chevalier Jackson This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions. at www.gutenberg.org Title: Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy A Manual of Peroral Endoscopy and Laryngeal Surgery Author: Chevalier Jackson Release Date: September