CIS 185 CCNP ROUTE EIGRP Part 1 Rick Graziani Cabrillo College graziani@cabrillo.edu Last Updated: Fall 2012 2 EIGRP Part 1  Review  Neighbor Adjacencies and EIGRP Reliability  EIGRP Metric  DUAL  Basic EIGRP Configuration  Passive-Interfaces  Summarization  Default Route 3 Materials  Book:  Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE) Foundation Learning Guide: Foundation learning for the ROUTE 642-902 Exam  By Diane Teare  Book  ISBN-10: 1-58705-882-0  ISBN-13: 978-1-58705-882-0  eBook  ISBN-10: 0-13-255033-4  ISBN-13: 978-0-13-255033-8 Review 5 What do we remember about EIGRP?  What type of protocol is EIGRP?  Distance Vector  What are the default metrics used by EIGRP?  Bandwidth (slowest) and Delay (cumulative)  What are the optional metrics?  Reliability and Load  Note: Book also state MTU but it is not a metric.  What algorithm is used to determine best path?  DUAL (Diffusing Update Algorithm) 6 Review of EIGRP from CCNA  Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)  Released in 1992 with Cisco IOS Software Release 9.21.  Enhancement of Cisco’s:  Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP).  Both are Cisco proprietary, operate only on:  Cisco routers 7 RTP and EIGRP Packet Types  What transport layer protocol does EIGRP use?  Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP)  Why doesn’t EIGRP use UDP or TCP? 8 Protocol- Dependent Modules  EIGRP uses protocol-dependent modules (PDM). to route different protocols, including:  IPv4  IPv6  Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)  AppleTalk EIGRP Packet Frame Header Frame Payload CRC IP Header Protocol Number (EIGRP = 88) EIGRP Header EIGRP Message On a LAN, the EIGRP packet is encapsulated in an Ethernet frame with a destination multicast MAC address: 01-00-5E-00-00-0A The destination IP address is set to the multicast 224.0.0.10 and the EIGRP protocol field is 88. The EIGRP header identifies the type of EIGRP packet and autonomous system number. The EIGRP message consists of the Type / Length / Value (TLV). EIGRP Header [...]... RTO and SRTT (Cisco proprietary) Neighbor Table Contents R3# show ip eigrp neighbors detail IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 1 H Address Interface 3 2 10 .0.0 .18 Version 12 .3 /1. 2, 10 .0.0 .14 Version 12 .3 /1. 2, 10 .0.0.5 Version 12 .3 /1. 2, 10 .0.0.9 Version 12 .3 /1. 2, 1 0 Hold Uptime SRTT (sec) (ms) Se0/3 13 01: 03:55 24 Retrans: 2, Retries: 0 Se0/2 14 01: 04:08 29 Retrans: 1, Retries: 0 Se0/0 13 01: 09:52 607 Retrans:... before retransmitting if no ACK is received R1# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 10 0 H Address Interface Hold Uptime (sec) 0 19 2 .16 8 .1. 102 Se0/0 /1 11 00:07:22 R1# Neighbor’s IP address Lists the order in which a peering session was established with the specified neighbor, starting with 0 Local interface receiving EIGRP Hello packets SRTT (ms) 10 Amount of time since this neighbor was... Retransmission occurs after each RTO timer expires  After 16 attempts the neighbor is declared down 25 EIGRP Reliability Update 10 0 Update 10 1 (in queue) Multicast Flow Timer expires 10 1 date Up ACK Upda No A te100 CK R eceiv ed R3# show ip eigrp interfaces  Potential problem on multiaccess (Frame Relay, Ethernet) media where IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 1 multiple neighbors reside  The next reliable multicast... SRTT (sec) (ms) Se0/3 13 01: 03:55 24 Retrans: 2, Retries: 0 Se0/2 14 01: 04:08 29 Retrans: 1, Retries: 0 Se0/0 13 01: 09:52 607 Retrans: 0, Retries: 0 Se0 /1 12 01: 10 :19 60 Retrans: 0, Retries: 0 RTO Q Seq Type Cnt Num 200 0 5 200 0 4 3642 0 13 360 0 21 R3#  The show ip eigrp interfaces detail command displays a router's EIGRP Hello timer setting for each enabled interface 27 Initial Route Discovery A... Acknowledged the previousSRTT Un/Reliable Flow Timer Routes multicast packet Interface Peers Un/Reliable  more neighbors are slow to respond it adversely affects all 0 peers Se0 /1 If one or 1 0/0 60 0 /15 299 Se0/0 1 0/0 607 0 /15 30 31 0  When a neighbor is slow to respond to multicasts or does not acknowledge the R3# multicast, the router will retransmit the packet as a unicast  This allows reliable multicasts... called neighborships)  Form adjacencies with those neighbors  What is the multicast address? Hint: 224.0.0.?  224.0.0 .10  Are these sent as reliable or unreliable deliver?  Unreliable delivery – No ACKs returned 12 Hello Protocol NBMA Link that are All other serial interfaces and LANs 13 Hello Protocol NBMA Link that are All other serial interfaces and LANs  Default hold time - 3 times the hello interval... number Stop No ACK Returned 16 x RTO < Hold Timer  If the RTO expires before and ACK is received, EIGRP retransmits another copy of the packet  A maximum of 16 times OR until the hold time expires then the Neighbor is declared down  When a neighbor is declared down:  The adjacency is removed  All networks reached through that neighbor are removed from the routing table  18 0 second hold time on low-speed... Queries and replies use reliable delivery (Ack returned)  Used by DUAL when searching for networks and other tasks 16 DUAL: An Introduction J J Garcia-Luna-Aceves 17 DUAL: An Introduction (More later!) R2: Checks Topology table for Feasible Successor If no FS… X Or holdtime expires 18 Summary - RTP Packet Types  Hellos – Identifies neighbors  Used by the neighbor discovery and recovery process... router IDs  IP MTU mismatch 31 The Metric EIGRP Message EIGRP Message - TLVs TLV 0x00 01 - EIGRP Parameters • K values are used to calculate the EIGRP metric • The Hold Time advertised by a neighbor is the maximum time a router should wait for any valid EIGRP message sent by that neighbor before declaring it dead TLV 0x0002 - Internal IP Routes • Delay: Sum of delays in units of 10 microseconds from source... answer a query (DUAL)  Reliable delivery  Replies: Unicast 19 Administrative Distance  We will discuss Administrative Distance in more detail in a later chapter  Later in this chapter, you learn how to configure EIGRP summary routes Routes manually summarized Routes redistributed into EIGRP 20 Neighbor Adjacencies and EIGRP Reliability 21 Configuring Hello Intervals and Hold Times Router(config-if)# . CIS 18 5 CCNP ROUTE EIGRP Part 1 Rick Graziani Cabrillo College graziani@cabrillo.edu Last Updated: Fall 2 012 2 EIGRP Part 1  Review  Neighbor. Teare  Book  ISBN -10 : 1- 58705-882-0  ISBN -13 : 978 -1- 58705-882-0  eBook  ISBN -10 : 0 -13 -255033-4  ISBN -13 : 978-0 -13 -255033-8 Review 5 What do we remember