Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2824 Edited by G. Goos, J. Hartmanis, and J. van Leeuwen Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 3 Berlin Heidelberg New York Hong Kong London Milan Paris Tokyo Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Zohra Bellahsène Akmal B. Chaudhri Erhard Rahm Michael Rys Rainer Unland (Eds.) Database and XML Technologies First International XML Database Symposium, XSym 2003 Berlin, Germany, September 8, 2003 Proceedings 13 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Volume Editors Zohra Bellahsène LIRMM UMR 5506 CNRS/Université Montpellier II 161 Rue Ada, 34392 Montpellier, France E-mail: bella@lirmm.fr Akmal B. Chaudhri IBM developerWorks 6 New Square, Bedfont Lakes, Feltham, Middlesex TW14 8HA, UK E-mail: akmal.b.chaudhri@uk.ibm.com Erhard Rahm University of Leipzig Augustusplatz 10-11, 04109 Leipzig, Germany E-mail: rahm@informatik.uni-leipzig.de Michael Rys Microsoft Corporation One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA 98052, USA E-mail: rys@acm.org, mrys@microsoft.com Rainer Unland University of Duisburg-Essen Institute for Computer Science and Business Information Systems Schützenbahn 70, 45117 Essen, Germany E-mail: UnlandR@informatik.uni-essen.de Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at <http://dnb.ddb.de>. CR Subject Classification (1998): H.2, H.3, H.4, D.2, C.2.4 ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 3-540-20055-X Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York a member of BertelsmannSpringer Science+Business Media GmbH http://www.springer.de © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by PTP-Berlin GmbH Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: 10953624 06/3142 543210 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. PREFACE The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is playing an increasingly important role in the exchange of a wide variety of data on the Web and elsewhere. The database com- munity is interested in XML because it can be used to represent a variety of data for- mats originating in different kinds of data repositories while providing structure and the possibility to add type information. The theme of this symposium is the combination of database and XML tech- nologies. Today, we see growing interest in using these technologies together for many Web-based and database-centric applications. XML is being used to publish data from database systems on the Web by providing input to content generators for Web pages, and database systems are increasingly being used to store and query XML data, often by handling queries issued over the Internet. As database systems increas- ingly start talking to each other over the Web, there is a fast-growing interest in using XML as the standard exchange format for distributed query processing. As a result, many relational database systems export data as XML documents, import data from XML documents, provide query and update capabilities for XML data. In addition, so-called native XML database and integration systems are appearing on the database market, and it’s claimed that they are especially tailored to store, maintain and easily access XML documents. The first XML Database Symposium, XSym 2003, is a new forum on the com- bination of database and XML technologies. It is built on several previous XML, Web and database-related workshops that were held at the CAiSE 2002, EDBT 2002, NODe 2002 and VLDB 2002 conferences. The goal of this symposium is to provide a high-quality platform for the presentation and discussion of new research results and system developments. It is targeted at scientists, practitioners, vendors, and users of XML and database technologies. The call-for-papers attracted 65 submissions from all over the world. After a careful reviewing process, the international program committee accepted 18 high- quality papers of particular relevance and quality. The selected contributions cover a wide range of exciting topics, in particular XML query processing, stream processing, XML-relational mappings, index structures, change management, and new proto- types. Another highlight of the symposium was the keynote by Mike Franklin, Uni- versity of Berkeley. As editors of this volume, we would like to thank once again all program com- mittee members and all the external referees who gave up their valuable time to re- view the papers and helped in putting together an exciting program. We would also like to thank the invited speaker, authors and other individuals, without whom this Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. VI Preface symposium would not have been possible. Moreover, our thanks go out to the local organizing committee who fulfilled with a lot of patience all our wishes. Finally, we would like to thank Alfred Hofmann from Springer-Verlag for his friendly coopera- tion and help in putting this volume together. July 2003 Montpellier, Bedfont Lakes, Redmond, Leipzig, Essen, Zohra Bellahsene (General Chair) Akmal Chaudhri (Program Committee Co-chair) Michael Rys (Program Committee Co-chair) Erhard Rahm (Publicity and Communications Chair) Rainer Unland (Publications Chair) Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Preface VII Program Committee Bernd Amann, CNAM and INRIA (France) Valeria De Antonellis, Politecnico di Milano (Italy) Zohra Bellahsene, LIRMM (France) Elisa Bertino, University of Milan (Italy) Timo Böhme, University of Leipzig (Germany) Akmal B. Chaudhri, IBM developerWorks (USA) Sophie Cluet, INRIA (France) Istvan Cseri, Microsoft (USA) Gillian Dobbie, University of Auckland (New Zealand) Mary F. Fernandez, AT&T Research (USA) Daniela Florescu, BEA (USA) Irini Fundulaki, Bell Labs/Lucent Technologies (USA) Udo Kelter, University of Siegen (Germany) Donald Kossmann, Technical University of Munich (Germany) Mong Li Lee, National University of Singapore (Singapore) Eng Wah Lee, Gintic (Singapore) Stuart Madnick, MIT (USA) Ioana Manolescu, INRIA (France) Jim Melton, Oracle (USA) Alberto Mendelzon, University of Toronto (Canada) Laurent Mignet, University of Toronto (Canada) Tova Milo, Tel Aviv University (Israel) Guido Moerkotte, Universität Mannheim (Germany) Allen Moulton, MIT (USA) M. Tamer Öszu, University of Waterloo (Canada) Shankar Pal, Microsoft (USA) Erhard Rahm, University of Leipzig (Germany) Michael Rys, Microsoft (USA) Jérôme Siméon, Bell Labs (USA) Zahir Tari, RMIT (Australia) Frank Tompa, University of Waterloo (Canada) Hiroshi Tsuji, Osaka Prefecture University (Japan) Can Türker, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich (Switzerland) Rainer Unland, University of Essen (Germany) Agnes Voisard, Fraunhofer ISST and Freie Universitaet Berlin (Germany) Osamu Yoshie, Waseda University (Japan) Jeffrey Xu Yu, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong) Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. VIII Preface External Reviewers Sharon Adler, IBM (USA) Marcelo Arenas, University of Toronto (Canada) Denilson Barbosa, University of Toronto (Canada) Omar Benjelloun, INRIA (France) David Bianchini, University of Brescia (Italy) Ronald Bourret, Independent Consultant (USA) Lei Chen, University of Waterloo (Canada) Grégory Cobena, INRIA (France) David DeHaan, University of Waterloo (Canada) Hai Hong Do, University of Leipzig (Germany) Rainer Eckstein, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Germany) Elena Ferrari, Università dell'Insubria, Como (Italy) Leo Giakoumakis, Microsoft (USA) Giovanna Guerrini, Università di Pisa (Italy) Jim Kleewein, IBM (USA) Sailesh Krishnamurthy, IBM (USA) Allen Luniewski, IBM (USA) Ingo Macherius, Infonyte (Germany) Susan Malaika, IBM (USA) Florent Masseglia, INRIA (France) Michele Melchiori, University of Brescia (Italy) Rosa Meo, Università di Torino (Italy) Benjamin Nguyen, INRIA-FUTURS (France) Yong Piao, University of Siegen (Germany) Awais Rashid, Lancaster University (UK) Mark Roantree, Dublin City University (Ireland) Kenneth Salem, University of Waterloo (Canada) Torsten Schlieder, Freie Universität Berlin (Germany) Bob Schloss, IBM (USA) Soumitra Sengupta, Microsoft (USA) Xuerong Tang, University of Waterloo (Canada) Alejandro Vaisman, University of Toronto (Canada) Pierangelo Veltri, INRIA (France) Brian Vickery, IBM (USA) Sabrina De Capitani di Vimercati, Università degli Studi di Milano (Italy) Florian Waas, Microsoft (USA) Norbert Weissenberg, Fraunhofer ISST (Germany) Liang-Huai Yang, National University of Singapore (Singapore) Hui Zhang, University of Waterloo (Canada) Ning Zhang, University of Waterloo (Canada) Hongwei Zhu, MIT (USA) Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Table of Contents XML–Relational DBMS XML-to-SQL Query Translation Literature: The State of the Art and Open Problems 1 Rajasekar Krishnamurthy, Raghav Kaushik, Jeffrey F. Naughton Searching for Efficient XML-to-Relational Mappings 19 Maya Ramanath, Juliana Freire, Jayant R. Haritsa, Prasan Roy A Virtual XML Database Engine for Relational Databases 37 Chengfei Liu, Millist W. Vincent, Jixue Liu, Minyi Guo XML Query Processing Cursor Management for XML Data 52 Ning Li, Joshua Hui, Hui-I Hsiao, Parag Tijare Three Cases for Query Decorrelation in XQuery 70 Norman May, Sven Helmer, Guido Moerkotte A DTD Graph Based XPath Query Subsumption Test 85 Stefan B¨ottcher, Rita Steinmetz Systems and Tools PowerDB-XML: A Platform for Data-Centric and Document-Centric XML Processing 100 Torsten Grabs, Hans-J¨org Schek An XML Repository Manager for Software Maintenance and Adaptation 118 Elaine Isnard, Radu Bercaru, Alexandra Galatescu, Vladimir Florian, Laura Costea, Dan Conescu XViz: A Tool for Visualizing XPath Expressions 134 Ben Handy, Dan Suciu XML Access Structures Tree Signatures for XML Querying and Navigation 149 Pavel Zezula, Giuseppe Amato, Franca Debole, Fausto Rabitti The Collection Index to Support Complex Approximate Queries 164 Paolo Ciaccia, Wilma Penzo Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. [...]... set-semantics and so cannot handle certain classes of XML view schema and aggregation in XML queries Comparing across the three different approaches — GAV, LAV and GAV+LAV, in terms of both functionality and performance is an open issue Recursive XML View Schema and Linear Recursion in SQL In this subsection we return to the problem of recursive XML view schema and whether or not they can be handled by... watermark XML- to-SQL Query Translation Literature 17 10 A Deutsch and V Tannen Reformulation of XML Queries and Constraints In ICDT, 2003 11 A Eisenberg and J Melton SQL /XML is Making Good Progress SIGMOD Record, 31(2), 2002 12 M Fernandez, A Morishima, and D Suciu Efficient Evaluation of XML Middleware Queries In SIGMOD, 2002 13 M Fern´ndez, D Suciu, and W.C Tan SilkRoute: Trading Between Relations a and XML. .. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SQLXML [43] and IBM DB2 XML Extender [40], the XML Publishing and Schema-Based XML Storage scenarios are handled in an identical manner So, the description of their approaches for the XML Publishing scenario presented in Section 2.3 holds for the Schema-Based XML Storage scenario To summarize, XML DB supports branching path expression queries with the child and attribute axes, while... Schema is used to define how the XML data is mapped into relations If the XML Schema is not annotated, XML DB uses a default algorithm to decide the relational schema based on the XML Schema This algorithm handles recursive XML schemas A similar approach is made in Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SQLXML [43] and IBM DB2 XML Extender [40], but they only handle non-recursive XML schemas 4.2 Query Translation... Grammars In Efficiency and Effectiveness of XML Tools and Techniques and Data Integration over the Web (EEXTT), 2002 25 I Manolescu, D Florescu, and D Kossman Answering XML queries over heterogeneous data sources In VLDB, 2001 26 N.Bruno, N.Koudas, and D Srivastava Holistic Twig Joins: Optimal XML Pattern Matching In SIGMOD, 2002 27 K Runapongsa and J M Patel Storing and Querying XML Data in ObjectRelational... t , a ) → label = label AND a = a AND t ∼ t = | C(t1 , t2 , a), C(t1 , t2 , a ) → a = a AND t1 ∼ t1 AND t2 ∼ t2 = = | U (t1 , t2 , a), U (t1 , t2 , a ) → a = a AND t1 ∼ t1 AND t2 ∼ t2 = = | R(t, a), R(t , a ) → a = a AND t ∼ t = | O(t, a), O(t , a ) → a = a AND t ∼ t = | S(b, a), S(b , a ) → a = a AND b = b Inline and Outline An annotated node in the schema tree is Outlined and has a separate relational... Krishnamurthy, R Kaushik, and J.F Naughton cessing of XML data in relational stores The SQL /XML operators [11] make it possible to query and access XML content as part of normal SQL operations and also provide methods for generating XML from the result of an SQL Select statement The SQL /XML operators allow XPath expressions to be used to access a subset of the nodes in the XML view In XML DB, the approach... XSD XML schema is used to define the XML view Recursive XML views are supported in XML DB In SQLXML, along with non-recursive views, there is support for a limited number of depths of recursion using the max-depth annotation In IBM DB2 XML Extender [40], a Document Access Definition (DAD) file is used to define a non-recursive XML view IBM XML for Tables [44] provides an XML view of relational tables and. .. Pielech, and E Rundesnteiner Honey, I Shrunk the XQuery! – An XML Algebra Optimization Approach In Workshop on Web Information and Data Management (WIDM), 2002 40 DB2 XML Extender http://www-3.ibm.com/software/data/db2/extenders/xmlext/index.html 41 INCITS H2.3 Task Group http://www.sqlx.org 42 Oracle9i XML Database Developer’s Guide - Oracle XML DB Release 2 (9.2) http://otn.oracle.com/tech /xml/ xmldb/content.html... Kaushik, and J.F Naughton lems in the XML to SQL query translation domain We next summarize this progress, in terms of functionality – In the XML- Publishing scenario, techniques have been proposed for handling complex query languages like XQuery and XSLT over tree XML view schema However, handling recursive XML view schema is an open problem Even for tree XML view schema, the subset of XQuery handled . Chaudhri Erhard Rahm Michael Rys Rainer Unland (Eds.) Database and XML Technologies First International XML Database Symposium, XSym 2003 Berlin, Germany,. documents, import data from XML documents, provide query and update capabilities for XML data. In addition, so-called native XML database and integration systems