K THI OLYMPIC TRUYN THNG 30/4 LÂ ̀ N THƯ ́ XIII TI THNH PH HU Đ THI MÔN HÓA 10        180 phút  CHÍNH THC Ch :          01      Câu I : I.1  i là nng l k+1 / I k  sau: k k I I 1 1 2 I I 2 3 I I 3 4 I I 4 5 I I 5 6 I I X 1,94 4,31 1,31 1,26 1,30 Y 2,17 1,96 1,35 6,08 1,25  I.2  2.1 Hãy biu  ô  này. 2.2  + và Cl -  ô  2.3  + . Cho d CuCl = 4,316 g/cm 3 ; r Cl- = 1,84A o  23 . I.3 i sau : U 238 92   Th    Pa    U   Th   Ra  Câu II: II.1 Trong bình chân không dung tích 500cm 3  gam  0  : 2HgO(r)  2Hg(k) + O 2 (k)  atm 1.1 Tính K P  1.2 ày. Cho Hg = 200. II.2  2 H 6 )  2 và H 2  2.1    ht ( KJ.mol -1 )   ( KJ.mol -1 ) CO 2 -393,5 CC 347 H 2 O (l) -285,8 HC 413 O 2 0 HO 464 O=O 495 2.2 -1467,5 ( KJ.mol -1 ho  -1 .K -1 . Câu III: III.1  4 NH SCN  3 Fe  0,01 M và F  1M. Có màu  2+ FeSCN  2+ 6 FeSCN C 7.10 M   và dung                   Cho 1 13,10 3 eF 3 10 F    ; 1 2 3,03 eSCN 10 F    (  là hng s bn). III.2  Ag  1,0.10 -3 M; 3 NH  Cho 32 7,24 2 Ag(NH ) 10    ; 3 2 12,03 4Cu(NH )4 10    ; 2 00 Ag / Ag Cu /Cu E 0,799V;E 0,337V   ( 25 0 C) Câu IV: IV.1  E 0 Cu 2+ /Cu + = +0,16 V E 0 Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ = +0,77 V E 0 Ag + /Ag = +0,8 V E 0 Cu + /Cu = +0,52 V E 0 Fe 2+ /Fe = -0,44 V E 0 I 2 /2I - = +0,54 V  1.1  1.2 Ch 1.3  1.4   IV.2 Hoà tan 7,82 gam XNO 3   -   -   Câu V: V.1   3 37,8%     V.2  2.1 Ion I -  2  3 , O 3 ; còn I 2  2 S 2 O 3 . 2.2 Ion Br -  2 SO  , BrO 3 - (môi tr 2  axit t 2.3 H 2 O 2  2 (trong môi tr 4 (trong môi tr Học sinh không được sử dụng bảng tuần hoàn. Hết ĐÁP ÁN Đáp án câu 1:  2 lên I 3 tng  2+  ó : X là [Ar] 4s 2 ( Canxi ) (0,5 đ)  4 lên I 5 tng  4+  ó: Y là [He] 2s 2 2p 2 ( Cacbon) (0,5 đ) I.2  2.1  ô  này. 2.2  + và Cl -  ô  2.3  + . Cho d CuCl = 4,316 g/cm 3 ; r Cl- = 1,84A o ; Cu = 63,5; Cl = 35,5. Bi N= 6,023.10 23 . : I.2.1. (0,5 đ) 2.2 (0,75 đ)  Cl -  1 8 1 8  ion Cl -  3 2 1 6  ion Cl - Cu +  3 4 1 12  ion Cu +  +  + + 4Cl - = 4CuCl 2.3 (0,50 đ) VN MN d A CuCl . .   3  , ., .,., ),,(, . . o 324 23 A CuCl 3 A41715a cm10965158 1002361364 5355634 Nd MN a      (0,25 đ)  + + 2r - o A ra r 86855,0 2 84,1.24171,5 2 2        (0,25 đ) Cl - Cu +  4 ion Cl -  4 ion Cu + I.3. U 238 92  Th 234 90 + He 4 2 0,25 Th 234 90  Pa 234 91 + e 0 1 0,25 Pa 234 91  U 234 92 + e 0 1 0,25 U 234 92  Th 230 90 + He 4 2 0,25 Th 230 90  Ra 226 88 + He 4 2 0,25 Đáp án câu 2: 1.1 (1 đ) 2HgO (r)  2Hg(k) + O 2 (k) [ ] 0 a mol 0 0 [ ] cb a  2x 2x x 2 2 3 23 2 1 4 4.4 . 9,48 3 3 27 27 p Hg O K P P P P P         1.2 (1 đ)  HgO 4.0,5 3 0,0105 0,082.773 Vay a = 0,021 mol m 0,021.216 4,53 PV n x x RT g       II.2. an ( C 2 H 6 )  2 và H 2  2.1             ht ( KJ.mol -1 )    -1 ) CO 2 -393,5 CC 347 H 2 O -285,8 HC 413 O 2 0 HO 464 O=O 495 2.2 -1467,5 ( KJ.mol -1   -1 .K -1 . Giải: 2.1. C 2 H 6 + 2 7 O 2  2CO 2 + 3H 2 - 1560,5 KJ ( 2C 2 H 6 + 7O 2  4CO 2 + 6H 2 - 3121 KJ ) 0,5    ht CO 2 +  ht H 2 O -  ht O 2 -  ht C 2 H 6   ht C 2 H 6 =         2 31218,28565,3934  = - 83,9 ( KJ.mol -1 ) 0,5   = 2 E C  C + 12 E C  H + 7E O=O - 8 E C = O - 12 E H  O  E C = O =     8 3121464x12495x7413x12347x2  = 833( KJ.mol -1 ) 0,5 2.2 G° = H° - TS° S° =       27325 5,14675,1560   = - 0,312 (kJ.mol -1 K -1 ) = -312 J.mol - 1 .K -1 0,5 Đáp án câu 3: III.1. Ta có: 3 Fe C  << F C ( 1)   3 FeF  rt ln.  3+  -  3 FeF . 3+ 3 Fe 3F FeF    0,01 1  0.5đ  4 NH SCN : 3 F eF C = 5.10 -3 M; F C  = 0,485M; 2 SCN C 5.10 M    FeF 3  Fe 3+ + 3F - 10 -13,10 Fe 3+ + SCN -  FeSCN 2+ 10 +3,03 FeF 3 + SCN -  FeSCN 2+ + 3F - K = 10 -10,07 0,5 đ C 5.10 -3 5.10 -2 0,485 [ ] (5.10 -3 -x) (5.10 -2 -x) x 0,485+3x 3 10,07 32 x( 0,485 3x) 10 (5.10 x)(5.10 x)      0.5đ  -3    613 3 07105 10x710x861 4850 10x10x25 x    , , , 0,5 đ V 2+ FeSCN  -  Fe 3+ III.2.  -  2+ 3 Ag(NH ) (   Ag NH CC 3 ) Ag + + 2NH 3  Ag(NH 3 ) 2 + 7,24 2 10   1,0.10 -3 1,0 __ 1,0-2,0.10 -3 1,0.10 -3 0.5đ -  2+ 3 Ag(NH )  2x Ag(NH 3 ) 2 +  Ag + + 2NH 3 1 7,24 2 10    (1) 2Ag + + Cu  2Ag + Cu 2+ 15,61 0 10K  (2) -  2+  3 NH (   2 3 Cu NH CC ) Cu 2+ + 4NH 3  Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ 12,03 4 10   (3)  2Ag(NH 3 ) 2 + + Cu  2Ag + Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ ; 40 2 2 KK   = 10 13,16 0,5 đ 1,0.10 -3 5,0.10 -4 TPGH: 2 34 Cu(NH )  : 5,0.10 -4 M ; 3 3 NH :1,0 2.10 1,0M   Cân bng Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ + 2Ag  2Ag(NH 3 ) 2 + + Cu 10 - 13,16 C 5,0.10 -4 [ ] 5,0.10 -4 -x 2x 2 13,16 4 (2x) 10 (5,0.10 x)     x = 5.10 - 4  2x = 423816134 10x5101010x5   ,, . 0,5 đ  + -8,23 9 32 [Ag(NH ) ]=2x=10 5,9.10 M   2+ -4 34 [Cu(NH ) ]=5,0.10 M 0.5đ Ag +  32 Ag(NH )   toàn. Đáp án câu 4: IV.1. 1.1. Vì E 0 Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ = +0,77 V > E 0 Fe 2+ /Fe = -0,44 V Tính oxi hóa: Fe 3+  2+  2+  32 2 Fe Fe 3Fe     (0.5đ) 1.2. Vì E 0 Cu + /Cu = +0,52 V > E 0 Cu 2+ /Cu + = +0,16 V Tính oxi hóa: Cu +  2+  +   2 Cu Cu Cu Cu        CuSO 4  (0.5đ) 1.3.Vì E 0 Ag + /Ag = +0,8 V > E 0 Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ = +0,77 Tính oxi hóa: Ag +  3+  2+   23 Fe Ag Fe Ag        (0.5đ) 1.4. Vì E 0 Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ = +0,77 V > E 0 I 2 /2I - = +0,54 V Tính oxi hóa: Fe 3+  2  -  2+  32 2 2I 2Fe I 2Fe        (0.5đ) IV.2 (2đ) 33 XNO X NO      2 O  2e  2H + + ½ O 2  + + 1e  X  2 = 2 x 0,1792/22,4 = 0,008.2 < 0,56/22,4 = 0,025 mol 0,5 đ  2 thoát ra : 0,025 - 0,016 = 0,009 mol  +   + + 1e  X 2H 2 O + 2e  2OH - + H 2  2 O  2e  2H + + ½ O 2 0,5 đ  a + 0,009.2 = 0,008.2.4 (v 3 )  a = 0,046  0,5 đ ng vi th 0320 2 0640 96500 It1 , ,  96500.0,032 t 1600 giây 1,93  0,5 đ Đáp án câu 5: Vì O 2  2MS + (2 + n:2)O 2  M 2 O n + 2SO 2 (0,25 đ) a 0,5a M 2 O n + 2nHNO 3  2M(NO 3 ) n + n H 2 O (0,25 đ) 0,5a an a  3 m = an  63  100 : 37,8 = 500an : 3 (g)  m = aM + 8an + 500an : 3 (g) Ta có (aM + 62an) : (aM + 524an: 3) = 0,4172 Nên M = 18,65n (0,50 đ)  = 56 (Fe) Ta có: a(M+32)= 4,4 Suy ra a = 0,05  3 ) 3 là m= 0,05  242 = 12,1(g)  m dd = aM + 524an: 3  8,08 =20,92 (g)  3 ) 3  m = 20,92  34,7 : 100 = 7,25924 (g)  3 ) 3  m = 12,1 - 7,25924 = 4,84 (g) (0,50 đ)  3 ) 3 . nH 2 O Suy ra 4,84:242  (242 + 18n) = 8,08 Suy ra n = 9 CT Fe(NO 3 ) 3 . 9H 2 O (0,50 đ) V.2. : 2.1. Ion I -  2  3 , O 3 ; còn I 2  2 S 2 O 3 . 2.2. Ion Br -   2 SO  , BrO 3 - (môi tr  2   2.3.H 2 O 2 b kh NaCrO 2 (trong môi tr baz) và b oxi hoá trong dung d KMnO 4 (trong môi tr axit) Giải:V. 2 (Mỗi phương trình 0,25 đ) 2.1 2KI + 2FeCl 3  2FeCl 2 + 2KCl + I 2 2KI + O 3 + H 2 O  2KOH + O 2 + I 2 I 2 + 2Na 2 S 2 O 3  2NaI + Na 2 S 4 O 6 2.2 2Br - + 4H + + SO 4 2-  Br 2 + SO 2 + 2H 2 O 5Br - + BrO 3 - + 6H +  3Br 2 + 3H 2 O 5Br 2 + 2P + 8H 2 O 10 HBr + 2H 3 PO 4 2.3 3H 2 O 2 + 2NaCrO 2 + 2NaOH  2Na 2 CrO 4 + 4H 2 O 5H 2 O 2 + 2KMnO 4 + 3H 2 SO 4  2MnSO 4 + K 2 SO 4 + 5O 2 + 8H 2 O . 3F - K = 10 -10, 07 0,5 đ C 5 .10 -3 5 .10 -2 0 ,48 5 [ ] (5 .10 -3 -x) (5 .10 -2 -x) x 0 ,48 5+3x 3 10, 07 32 x( 0 ,48 5 3x) 10 (5 .10 x)(5 .10 x)      . Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ + 2Ag  2Ag(NH 3 ) 2 + + Cu 10 - 13,16 C 5,0 .10 -4 [ ] 5,0 .10 -4 -x 2x 2 13,16 4 (2x) 10 (5,0 .10 x)     x = 5 .10 - 4 