... activity;
R
- and
S
d- and l- An obsolete way of indicating dextrorotatory
and laevorotatory optical activity, now replaced by (+) and
(−).
dabberlocks Edible seaweed, Alaria esculenta.
dadhi See ... acids; an inter-
mediate in the digestion of triglycerides ,and used as emulsi-
fiers in food manufacture.
dihydrochalcones See neohesperidin dihydrochalcone.
dihydrostreptomycin...
... foods; stable to heating, and so is useful in baked
products.
butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) An antioxidant (E-321) used
in fats and fatty foods.
butyric acid Short-chain saturated fatty acid ... cellophane
for food wrapping developed by Du Pont in 1926. Still widely
used for wrapping foods and other commodities.
celluflour Powdered cellulose, used in experimental diets to
provide indi...
... imped-
ance, total body electrical conductivity, skinfold thickness
and body density.
body density Body fat has a density of 0.90, while fat-free body
mass is 1.10. Direct determination of density ... pudding Also known as blood pudding. Traditional Euro-
pean dish made with sheep or pig blood and suet, originally
together with oatmeal, liver and herbs, stuffed into membrane
casings sha...
... hormones, including the thyroid gland (secreting thy-
roxine and tri-iodothyronine), pancreas (insulin and
glucagon), adrenal glands (adrenaline, glucocorticoids,
mineralocorticoids), ovary and testes ... chicks,
characterised by accumulation of greenish fluid under the skin
of the breast and abdomen.
F
FAD See flavin adenine dinucleotide.
faeces Composed of undigested food residues,...
... vicine and convicine, in the beans. The condition affects
some 100 million people worldwide, and is commonest in people
of Mediterranean and Afro-Caribbean descent.
FDA US Food and Drug Administration, ... http://www.fda.gov/; web site for FDA consumer
magazine http://www.fda.gov/fdac/.
FD&C USA; abbreviation for synthetic colours permitted for use
in food, drugs and cosmetic...
... plants. Used
in making dyes and inks, and medicinally as an astringent. Propyl,
octyl and dodecyl gallates are legally permitted antioxidants in
foods (E-310–312).
gall bladder The gland in the ... acids.
214
gluconic acid The acid formed by oxidation of the hydroxyl group
on carbon-1 of glucose to a carboxylic acid group. Also termed
dextronic acid, maltonic acid and glycogenic acid....
... carboxymethylcellulose, gums and alginates
are included, and emulsifiers such as polysorbate and monoglyc-
erides. Mono- and diglycerides bind the looser globules of water
and are added in ‘non-drip’ ice cream.
ice, ... or androgens, include testos-
terone,dihydrotestosterone and androsterone; female hormones,
or oestrogens, include oestradiol, oestrone and progesterone.
Chemical...
... its blood supply has
been stopped.
INFOODS International Network of Food Data Systems, created
to develop standards and guidelines for collection of food com-
position data, and standardised terminology ... β-cells and
gastrin by the γ-cells of the islets.
ISO 9000 Quality Standard The international standard for the
management of quality, widely used in the food industry, cater-
i...
... (1.027–1.035).
Lac-tone
TM
Protein-rich baby food (26% protein) made in India
from peanut flour, skim milk powder, wheat flour and barley
flour with added vitamins and calcium.
lacto-ovo-vegetarian One whose diet ... consistency of lard.
See also lard compounds.
lardy cake West of England; made from bread dough, lard, sugar
and dried fruit.
lasagne Wide ribbons of pasta; lasagne verdi is...