... Section 1 Basic concepts Chapter 1 Why data never speak for themselves Science teaches us to doubt, and in ignorance, ... inherent role of uncertainty in all scientic work. In physics and astronomy, for Section 1: Basic concepts instance, Pierre Laplace realized that certain error was inherent in all calculations. ... confounding bias and experiment, about RCTs and statistical analysis: in a word, it is 3 Section 1: Basic concepts not just about facts. Facts always need to be interpreted. And that is the job of statistics:...