... trajectories, hydrodynamic lines of flux, waves,landscapes, mountains, islands and rivers, rocks, metals, and compositematerials, plants, polymers, and gels, etc. 1 We must, however, add here ... three-dimensional examples,the 3d gasket and the so-called Menger sponge (Fig. 1.4.10).3d gasket (Mandelbrot) Menger sponge D = log 4/log 2 = 2 D = log 20/log 3 ≅ 2.73Fig. 1.4.10. Three-dimensional ... ß = 2/4 = 1/2or ororFig. 1.4.12-a. Random fractal generator.the following random fractal may be constructed:20 1. Fractal geometries…Fig. 1.4.12-b. Random fractal generated by the previous...