... these students need to read a lot of English books and documents to support their professional studies. However, apart from some students who are quite good at English reading, most students especially ... among ethnic minority junior first-year English- majored students at Tay Bac University (hereafter TBU). The study of learning strategies in other English skills would be beyond the scope. ... phonemic representation is converted at level two into a word. The meaning units or words then pass on to the third level and meaning is assimilated into the knowledge system.11In short, the bottom-up...