... CHAPTER 27 Protein Metabolism Key topics: – The genetic code – Synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA – Translation: RNA-dependent protein synthesis Protein Synthesis is a Very Complex ... additional protein factors for initiation, elongation, and termination of translation • Involves perhaps 100 additional enzymes that carry out a variety of modifications with many proteins Protein ... Hy...
... CHAPTER 25 DNA Metabolism Key topics: – DNA replication – DNA repair – DNA recombination What is DNA Metabolism? • While functioning as a stable storage of genetic information, the structure of DNA ... DNA molecules giving offspring a novel DNA • DNA metabolism consists of a set of enzyme catalyzed and tightly regulated processes that achieve these tasks The Substrate...
... CHAPTER 26 RNA Metabolism Key topics: – Transcription: DNA-dependent synthesis of RNA – Capping and splicing: RNA processing Overview of RNA Function • Ribonucleic acids ... rRNAs) • RNA polymerase II is responsible for synthesis of mRNA – Very fast (500 – 1000 nucleotides / sec) – Specifically inhibited by mushroom toxin -amanitin • RNA polymerase III makes tRNAs ... some sm...
... thức cấu tạo là: ĐÁP ÁN: D A CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH B NH2-CH2-CH2-COOH C NH2-CH(CH3)COOH D NH2-CH2COOH TIẾT 27: PROTIT I/TRẠNG THÁI THIÊN NHIÊN LỰC SĨ MÁI TĨC HẠT ĐẬU VI KHUẨN II/CẤU TẠO CỦA PROTIT 1/Thành
... CHAPTER 10 Lipids Key topics: – Biological roles of lipids – Structure and properties of storage lipids – Structure and properties of membrane lipids – Structure and properties of signaling lipids Lipids: ... Lipids • Based on the structure and function • Lipids that not contain fatty acids: cholesterol, terpenes, … • Lipids that contain fatty acids (complex lipids) – Stora...
... CHAPTER 14 Glucose Utilization and Biosynthesis Key topics: – Harnessing energy from glucose via glycolysis – Fermentation under anaerobic conditions – Synthesis of glucose from simpler ... the polymeric form – Many organisms and tissues can meet their energy needs on glucose only • Glucose is a versatile biochemical precursor – Bacteria can use glucose to build the carb...
... CHAPTER 16 The Citric Acid Cycle Key topics: – Cellular respiration – Conversion of pyruvate to activated acetate – Reactions of the citric acid cycle – Regulation of the citric acid cycle – ... prosthetic groups are strongly bound to the protein In this case, the lipoic acid is covalently linked to the enzyme via a lysine residue The Citric Acid Cycle...
... anaerobic catabolism of fats Fatty Acids are Converted into Fatty Acyl-CoA Fatty Acid Transport into Mitochondria • Fats are degraded into fatty acids and glycerol in the cytoplasm • -oxidation of fatty ... Sources of ATP Oxidation of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Oxidation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Oxidation of Propionyl-CoA • Most dietary fatty acids are even-numbere...
... CHAPTER 21 Lipid Biosynthesis Key topics: – Biosynthesis of fatty acids and eicosanoids – Biosynthesis of triacylglycerols – Biosynthesis of fatty cholesterol Lipids Fulfill a Variety ... and acetyl-CoA – reducing power from NADPH – location: cytosol in animals, chloroplast in plants Lipid Catabolism and Anabolism in Animal and Plant Cells Overview of Fatty Acid Synthesis • Fatt...
... CHAPTER 28 Regulation of Gene Expression Key topics: – DNA elements that control transcription – Protein factors that control transcription – Lac operon as a model for regulation – Regulation of protein ... classes of promoters – Allows coordinated expression of different sets of genes • Binding other proteins (transcription factors) to promoters – These recognize prom...
... I Q TRÌNH TỔNG HỢP PROTEIN TRONG TẾ BÀO Sao mã: Dòch mã HOẠT HỐ AXIT AMIN + ATP ENZIM AXIT AMIN AXIT AMIN HOẠT HỐ UUU UUU ENZIM + AXIT AMIN HOẠT HỐ tARN PHỨC HỢP AXIT AMIN - tARN 5/ ... ho¹t ®éng tỉng hỵp mARN R P O S1 S2 S3 Sao m· mARN mARN Pr«tªin øc chÕ ChÊt c¶m øng A B C Gọi N tổng số nucleotid phân tử AND Số axit amin môi trường cung cấp cho toàn trình giải mã là: N/ (2x3)
... of PEP-1–HSP27 against brain ischemia A BamH I Xho I T7 term HSP27 PEP-1 His-Tag Lac O T7 Prom MCS Apr PEP-1–HSP27 IacI ori PEP-1–HSP27 His-Tag PEP-1 Control HSP27 B His-Tag HSP27 HSP27 Fig The ... results indicate that transduced PEP-1–HSP27 fusion protein plays a defensive role against cell death induced by oxidative stress in the cells Transduced PEP-1–HSP27 protects against...
... GENES are long strands of DNA on chromosomes What is DNA? DNA is the genetic code, Instructions for heredity, Components of genes, Director of protein synthesis AND- DNA is also A type ... ribosomes DNA and protein synthesis, then, happens this way: DNA sequence codes (how letters are put together) produce messenger RNA sequence codes The messenger RN...
... Experimental procedures Maize mutants Seeds of the mutant genotypes opaque (o1 and o2) and floury (fl1 and fl2) and the respective wild type, Oh43 +, were kindly provided by the Maize Genetics Cooperation ... present in opaque (o), floury (fl) and wild-type (+) endosperms The amounts of SAA and NPN were of the same magnitude for the wildtype inbred line and al...