Earth science geology

... The plates float on the molten rock of the mantle Major Tectonic Plates Pacific Plate North American Plate Cocos Plate Nazca Plate South American Plate African Plate Eurasian Plate Indian Plate ... covers Earth fault a break in Earth s crust where plate boundaries slide past each other lithosphere mantle plate boundary lithosphere plate tectonics mantle According to the theory of plate tectonics, ... of Earth s crust, such as mountains and volcanoes Today, scientists use the theory of plate tectonics Plate tectonics explains why Earth s features look the way they This theory states that Earth s...

... tornado moves Explore Earthquakes! phenomenal science Have you ever felt an earthquake? If you have, you'd know it's a sickening feeling It seems impossible that the entire earth can move so dramatically, ... foundations The largest earthquake ever registered on earth measured 9.5 on the Richter scale Earthquakes that register at aren't usually felt by humans For us to tfeel an earthquake, it must measure ... San Francisco Earthquake One of the most famous US disasters, the fires started by this earthquake actually did more damage than the quake itself Ancash Earthquake One of the biggest earthquakes...

... their motion can cause earthquakes The San Andreas Fault in California has caused many serious earthquakes epicenter focus Earthquakes Sometimes the forces that change Earth s surface are constructive ... during earthquakes when buildings are destroyed The city of San Francisco was struck by major earthquakes in 1906 and 1989 The earthquake of 1906 destroyed many more buildings than the 1989 earthquake ... to study Earth s layers Sometimes material from the mantle pushes up through cracks in Earth s crust Scientists can study this material to learn about the mantle Another way to study Earth s layers...

... CHAPTER Earth s Materials How can we describe rocks and soil? 126 Lesson Rocks Page 130 Lesson Rocks Change Page 140 Lesson Soil Page 150 ES Earth is made of materials ... takes thousands of years for mountain rocks to become sand 165 CHAPTER Review luster , page 136 minerals , page 134 properties , page 136 soil , page 152 weathering , page 142 Use each word once ... change rocks is called ES 3. c All rocks are made of ES 3. a Tiny rocks and pieces of dead plants and animals are in ES 3. c The way a mineral looks under light is its ES 3. a This mineral is very...

... of them make up most of the rocks in Earth s crust These are “rock-forming” minerals Most rocks are a combination of these minerals Granite is made of quartz, mica, and feldspar crystals White ... Precambrian era 11 The Giant’s Causeway What are igneous and metamorphic rocks? Igneous Rocks Some rocks can melt The layer of rock below Earth s crust is so hot that it is partly melted This molten, ... The minerals in it may separate into layers 12 13 Metamorphic Rocks The Rock Cycle Rock is under pressure below the surface of Earth It is squeezed by the weight of other rocks This can cause rocks...

... it, This view of Earth shows and flows out as a volcano Since the Pacific Ocean The dots many subduction zones exist in the indicate the Ring of Fire Ring of Fire, it is a region of intense volcanic ... as the Ring of Fire You can use the map key to identify the Ring of Fire on the map of volcanic regions shown below Follow the Ring of Fire as it stretches from New Zealand north through Indonesia, ... features of the Earth s crust Currently, scientists rely on the theory of plate tectonics to explain the appearance of Earth s features According to this theory, Earth s lithosphere is composed of...

... What can cause a landslide? earthquake by Marcia K a volcano? What makes magma rise inside Miller epicenter Why earthquakes happen at faults? erosion Changes to Earth s Surface Erosion and deposition ... downhill 10 11 How can Earth s surface change rapidly? Volcanoes A volcano is a landform It can cause a rapid change to Earth s surface Hot rock, called magma, has partly melted into liquid Gases push ... down of pieces of Earth s surface after erosion the sudden movement of plates that makes Earth s crust shake the point on Earth s surface above the spot where plates start to move What makes...