the goal definition of energy saving base on establishmentenergy management system following guideline of iso 50001 2011
the best healthcare for less saving money on chronic medical conditions and prescription drugs
... Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Nganele, David, date The best healthcare for less : save money on chronic medical conditions and prescription drugs / David Nganele p cm Includes bibliographical references and index ... The Best Healthcare for Less Save Money on Chronic Medical Conditions and Prescription Drugs D AV I D N G A N E L E , P H D John Wiley & Sons, Inc Copyright © 2003 ... should now be in the frame of mind to work toward disease prevention and be on the road to saving money on healthcare P A R T T W O Prescription Drugs CHAPTER Prescription Drugs and Healthcare Cost...
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epidemiology of, and risk factors on pandemic influenza ah1n12009 in the northern area of vietnam, 2009 - 2011
... 3.15 - 3.18 The association between some factors and risk of getting infection with pH1N1 /2009 (univariate analysis) Infected by Non-infected by 2009 pandemic 2009 pandemic OR Risk factors influenza ... 4.1.1 The development of pH1N1 /2009 in the Northern areas The first imported pH1N1 /2009 case in the Northern areas (in Hanoi) had onset in 8th of June, 2009 In the first stage, the pH1N1 /2009 ... observed in the previous Influenza pandemics in the XX century The Spanish flu pandemic (1918 - 1919) consisted of waves The Asian flu pandemic (1957 - 1958) and Hongkong flu pandemic 18 included...
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Báo cáo y học: " Research Skeletal muscle contraction. The thorough definition of the contractile event requires both load acceleration and load mass to be known" docx
... the moment of the contraction Under these circumstances the effects of the changes of the acceleration of the load on the contraction can be traced Effect of the acceleration of the load on the ... force, the decrease of the acceleration of the load slows down the pre-steady state of the contraction Methods The evaluation of the effect of load acceleration on the pre-steady state of muscle ... experimentally Furthermore both the initial F1 (the initial force needed to start the contraction) and the initial stiffness of the active myofibril decrease with the decrease of the acceleration of the load...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 1 ppt
... be [i' 11 and [l 11 1 i Therefore, by Eq 1- 1, cos a ( I ) ( - 1) = d12 + I ( - ) + (1) (1) + 1, + l2 J(- ) + ( - 1) 2 + l2 = and a = 10 9.5" These two bond directions lie in a common (11 0)-type ... The Materials Science of Thin Films I I I The Materials Science of Milton Ohring Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hoboken, ... 9, 24 (19 76) Vittori, Gold Bull 12 , 35 (19 79) E D Nicholson, Gold Bull 12 , 16 1 (19 79) I Chapter I A Review of Materials Science 1. I.INTRODUCTION A cursory consideration of the vast body of solid...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 2 ppsx
... distance in the presence of an applied field logarithm of the rate is plotted on the ordinate and the reciprocal of the absolute temperature is plotted along the abscissa The slope of the resulting ... endeavor The topics treated in this chapter will, therefore, deal with: 2. 1 Kinetic Theory of Gases 2. 2 Gas Transport and Pumping 2. 3 Vacuum Pumps and Systems 2. 1 KINETICTHEORY GASES OF 2. 1 I.Molecular ... to the other as shown in Fig 1- 12 On either side of the two-phase field are the indicated single-phase fields (L and S) The compositions of the two phases in question are given by projecting the...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 4 ppt
... expressed by (4- 34a) (4- 34b) Note the use of the perfect gas law and the neglect of the temperature dependence of D Maintenance of stoichiometry requires that JCd = JTez (4- 35) the factor of arising ... (4- 44) where Msi and M, are the molecular weights of the Si and source gas, respectively, and p is the density of Si Combining Eqs (4- 42)- (4- 44) yields CiMSi lr2Dx G(x) = Dexp - bPMs 4Vb2 ' (4- 45) ... 3PSiCIH, + ‘HCl + 4PSiHI ’ (4- 24) The numerator represents the total amount of C1 in the system and is equal to the sum of the C1 contributed by each specie For example, the mass of CI in SiCI,...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 5 docx
... a b 8.224 21 35 8 .50 1824 9.17 1.13 253 2 1709 Growth Temperature ( "C) 700 1 250 650 - 750 800 750 50 0 -55 0 650 -700 7 25 8.28 2190 7.76 7.97 1 850 18 65 1a8 Chemical Vapor Deposition some films formed ... and Depletion 5. 5 Experimental Studies of Nucleation and Growth 5. 6 Grain Structure of Films and Coatings 5. 7 Amorphous Thin Films References 1 -5 are recommended sources for much of the subject ... about these gases explain the two findings Plot lnP&, /Psicl,P& 1/ T K for the temperature range 800 to 150 0 vs K, using the results of Fig 4 -5 a What is the physical significance of the slope of...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 6 doc
... based on these The justification for selecting these and not others is that they, together with the SEM and TEM, form the core of the diagnostic facilities associated with all phases of the research, ... Characterization of Thin Films 6. 1 INTRODUCTION Scientific disciplines are identified and differentiated by the experimental equipment and measurement techniques they employ The same is true of thin- film science ... will therefore be addressed in the appropriate context throughout the book 6. 2 FILM THICKNESS 6. 2.1 introduction The thickness of a film is among the first quoted attributes of its nature The...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 8 pps
... direction) the GB than there is into the matrix of the grains The ratio of these two fluxes can be estimated through the use of Eqs 8- 2 and 8- 3 for FCC metals; i.e., nb 6Db _ nL IDL 3x - I exp- 8. 1 ... Diffusion films Aspects of both of these broad applications will be discussed in this chapter in a fundamental way within the context of the following subjects: 8. 2 Fundamentals of Diffusion 8. 3 Interdiffusion ... consumes the Q phase at one interface and the @ phase at the other interface It is instructive to begin with the simplified analysis of the kinetics of compound growth based on Fig 8- 8 Only the y...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 9 pot
... predicts the kinetics of thermal oxidation In this treatment of the model, we assume a flow of gas 396 interdiffusion and Reactions in Thin Films containing oxygen parallel to the plane of the Si ... stresses in films In the first the substrate is fashioned into the shape of a cantilever beam The film is deposited on one surface, and the deflection of the free end of the bent beam is then determined ... , then the force resolved on these shear planes is F cos 45 = fi/2 F The area of the A Therefore, the shear stress = F / A shear planes is A /cos 45 = / 406 Mechanical Properties of Thin Films...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 10 pps
... Properties of Thin Films (Ref 11) suggests that the stress arises from the annealing and shrinkage of disordered material buried behind the advancing surface of the growing film The magnitude of the ... A , Q is the atomic volume and is the grain-boundary width It is instructive to think of the last two equations as variations on the theme of the Nernst-Einstein equation (Eq 1-35) The difference ... change from the film to the substrate material within a distance of the order of the atomic spacing (1 -5 A) Concurrently, abrupt changes in materials properties occur due to the lack of interaction...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 11 pot
... Properties of Thin Films 11. l.INTRODUCTION Thin films were first exploited practically for their optical properties In the latter part of the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth centuries, the ... intensity of the radiation described by the complex index of refraction N = n - ik (11- 11 The quantity n is the real index of refraction, and k is the index of absorption, which is also known as the ... occurs within a few angstroms of penetration beneath the surface of a metal This corresponds to a difference of some 12 orders of magnitude in absorption behavior on the part of materials Of the total...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 12 pptx
... increases with number of layers The spectral width of the high reflectance zone is a function of the ratio of the refractive indices of the involved films, and there are a couple of practical ways ... each other at the summits of the asperities The sum of these local contact areas represents the real area of contact, which may only be but a fraction of the apparent geometric contact area In the ... nature of the film and therefore Eq 12- 17 is generally applicable to all types of contacts For example, in the absence of a film, Fb = and f = f,, in the as simple theory of friction In the limit of...
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The Materials Science of Thin Films 2011 Part 13 ppt
... is the slope of the liquidus line on the phase diagram, C, is the composition of the liquid far from the interface, and the other quantities have been previously introduced In the regime of laser ... on the relative value of the absorption length, a-l cm, of the laser light within the specimen surface, two limiting regimes of thermal response can be distinguished, as shown in Fig 13- 4 13. 2.3.1 ... temperature of the surface is largely determined by the initial distribution of the energy absorbed from the laser beam Light penetrates within the material and the thermal evolution during the pulse...
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