... Synthetic spin valve, (c) Spin- filter spin valve using a back layer or a high-conductance layer, (d) Specular spin valve, (e) Specular spin valve using an insulating-AFM, (f) Specular spin valve using ... Evolution of spin valves (a) Original spin valve invented by IBM, (b) Synthetic spin valve, (c) Spin- filter spin valve using a back layer or a high-conductance layer, (d) Specular spin valve, (e) ... Specular spin valve, (e) Specular spin valve using an insulating-AFM, (f) Specular spin valve using nano-oxides, (g) Advanced single spin valve, and (h) Specular dual spin valve The acronyms used are:...