Electrical thermal energy transfer and energy conversion in semiconductor nanowires

... society problem in the 21st century Thermoelectric phenomena involve the conversion between the thermal energy and electrical energy and provide a method for heating and cooling materials Thermoelectric ... the thermal conductivity decreases rapidly with increasing doping, and 10% doping can yield 50% reduction of the value of thermal conductivity; while in the high isotopic doping region, the thermal ... further increasing doping The underlying mechanism is that a single isotopic doping center can localize phonon modes which will reduce thermal transport In addition to the isotope randomly doping,...

Energy Efficiency in the Brewing Industry National Conference on Thermal Energy Management in the Food & Drink Industries pptx

... Refrigeration – need for insulation, Carbon Dioxide & Ammonia Primary Refrigerants (G Harrap) Past Papers in Brewing Journals (G Harrap) Past Papers in Brewing Journals (G Harrap) Past Papers in Brewing ... Supersonic vapour flow and condensation shockwave, • Generated from the injection of high velocity steam • Steam is introduced into a special annular "conditioning" chamber that is wrapped around the ... brown coal per Hl by decoction (R Madlener) Past Papers in Brewing Journals • 1902 Journal Institute of Brewing • Concern over steam leaks, need for good lagging, finding uses for waste products...

An experimental investigation of heat transfer and fluid flow in a rectangular duct with inclined discrete ribs

... rib arrangements on heat transfer and flow behavior in a rectangular rib roughened passage” International Journal of Heat and mass transfer; 123: 675-681, 2001 [6] Lau S.C., McMillin R.D and Han ... studies of augmented heat transfer and friction in asymmetrically heated rectangular ducts with ribs on the heated wall in transverse, inclined, V-continuous and V- discrete pattern Int Journal of Heat ... Tariq, A. , Keshav Kant and Panigrahi, P K., Heat transfer enhancement using an internally threaded tube”, Proceeding of the 4th ISHMT-ASME and 15th National Conference on Heat and Mass transfer...

KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AND COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT IN COMPLEX PAPER PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTS pdf

... a major fine paper machine rebuilding project in Finland is evaluated and, finally, in the fourth study the use of the concept in a paper production unit start-up in China is reviewed In Chapter ... concept in knowledge transfer and competence development in an investment project in China (2002 – 2006) The research included analysis of the knowledge transfer needs and critical competences in ... of a new concept for knowledge transfer and competence development continue in 2002 in a paper machine start-up project in Finland The concept and tools were constructed and developed further...

Thermal transport investigation and parametric study in cylindrical oblique fin minichannel heat sink

... conventional straight fin and cylindrical oblique fin minichannel heat sink 84 Figure 4-10 Pressure drop for conventional straight fin and cylindrical oblique- finned minichannel heat sink ... straight fin minichannel and cylindrical oblique fin minichannel 56 Figure 3-10 local heat flux profile between conventional straight fin minichannel and cylindrical oblique fin minichannel ... the cylindrical oblique fin minichannel heat sink increases up to 75.6% and the total thermal resistance decreases up to 59.1% compared with the conventional straight fin minichannel heat sink Initial...

Electrical conductivity switching behavior and memory effects in electroactive polymers and nanocomposites

... linear (Ohmic) behavior of the current response in the polymer thin film, resulting in electrical conductivity switching behavior and memory effect in the sandwich structure The individual memory ... insulator, bistable electrical conductivity switching (WORM memory and flash memory effects) , and conductor behaviors, when the CNT content in the composite film is increased from to 3% The conductivity ... SUMMARY Organic and polymeric materials can exhibit electric-field-induced electrical conductivity switching behavior and resistor-type electronic memory effects The field-induced electrical bistability,...

Báo cáo hóa học: " Photoinduced oxygen release and persistent photoconductivity in ZnO nanowires" pdf

... nanowires have pointed out such increased photocurrent in vacuum [7-11] In this work, we investigated photoconductivity of ZnO single nanowires in air and vacuum, and we found that the photoconductivity ... surface oxygen can be totally desorbed, totally eliminating the contribution of the adsorbed oxygen to the depletion and band bending Indeed, in vacuum, we observe an initial rapid rise in the photoconductivity ... layer, should remain free as long as the ZnO nanowire is maintained in perfect vacuum, leading to indefinitely persistent photoconductivity The minor decay of photocurrent we observe in vacuum clearly...

Study on ingan gan quantum structures and their applications in semiconductor saturable absorber mirror 1

... properties of the InGaN quantum structures, including InGaN/ GaN quantum wells and InGaN quantum dots 1. 3 InGaN/ GaN quantum wells and quantum dots InGaN is an important alloy for fabricating III-nitride ... Electron mobility μ (cm2 V -1 s -1) Thermal conductivity χ (W K -1 cm -1) 9.0 4.0 9.7 3.0 12 .8 0.4 11 .8 0.25 3.0 2.0 2.0 1. 0 13 50 800 6000 13 00 1. 3 4.9 0.5 1. 5 Melting point (°C) 27 91 Sublimes T >18 27 12 38 ... following equation: T =1- qp - qns (1. 7) where qns is the non -saturable loss 28 Chapter Introduction Figure 1. 12 Nonlinear transmittance from a saturable absorber [Xiang2003] Sections 1. 4 .1 and 1. 4.2...

Study on ingan gan quantum structures and their applications in semiconductor saturable absorber mirror 2

... second) is used, and there are 25 6 or 5 12 samples in each scanning Here, one sample represents one line of scanning, which then consists of 25 6 or 5 12 sampling points 2. 3.4 Scanning electron microscopy ... excition transition and bound exciton transition Eb is the free exciton binding energy and Ebx is the bound exciton binding energy In addition to the radiative transitions, there are also non-radiative ... certain defect level, the binding energy is determined by the bandgap, free exciton binding energy, and the bound exciton binding energy, as illustrated in Fig 2. 6 Figure 2. 6 Illustration for...

Study on ingan gan quantum structures and their applications in semiconductor saturable absorber mirror 3

... Section 3. 3 will be dedicated to the study on the effects of V-pits on the morphological and optical properties of InGaN/ GaN quantum wells Finally, in Section 3. 4, the InGaN/ GaN quantum dot saturable ... this study will only be focused on the saturable absorbers and SESAMs operating in the blue region In this chapter, Section 3. 1 will be focused on the nonlinear property of the InGaN/ GaN quantum ... presented 79 Chapter 3. 1 Saturable Absorbers with GaN- based Quantum Structures InGaN/ GaN quantum well saturable absorbers In this work, InGaN/ GaN MQW samples with different numbers of quantum wells...

Study on ingan gan quantum structures and their applications in semiconductor saturable absorber mirror 4

... coating After the separate study and calibration, the DBR and AR coatings were finally incorporated with the InGaN/ GaN 8-QW saturable absorber presented in 148 Chapter Design & Fabrication of GaN- based ... the GaN- based monolithic DBRs as shown in Fig 4. 1 [Ponce2003; Moustakas2001; Waldrip2001; Yao20 04; Lin20 04] In addition, in Fig 4. 10, the oscillation fringes outside the high-reflective stopband ... Schematic structures of (a) single quarter-layer AR coating and (b) two-layer quarter/quarter AR coating 4. 3 Design and simulation of DBR and AR coatings In Chapters 3, the GaN- based saturable absorbers...

Study on ingan gan quantum structures and their applications in semiconductor saturable absorber mirror 5

... fabricated by the InGaN/ GaN 8-QW saturable absorber, as discussed in Chapter 5. 1 Simulation First of all, the origin of the interference fringes within the stopband of the GaN- based SESAM was investigated ... Furthermore, after thinning the GaN buffer, the period of the interference-induced oscillation fringes was increased and there was only one interference minimum falling into the DBR stopband as can be ... sketched in Fig 5. 1, and it shows severe interference-induced reflectance fluctuations over the DBR stopband Comparing Fig 5. 3 (a) with the corresponding simulation result, Fig 5. 2 (a), one can...

Study on ingan gan quantum structures and their applications in semiconductor saturable absorber mirror 6

... quantum wells and quantum dots, operating in the blue wavelength region were investigated For InGaN/ GaN quantum well saturable absorbers, a novel and convenient method to reduce the absorption ... and contributed to different PL emission bands For quantum dot saturable absorbers, in this work, a 3-layer InGaN quantum dot sample was fabricated and its nonlinear property as a saturable absorber ... Chapter Conclusions and Suggested Future Work 6. 1.1 Saturable absorbers with GaN- based quantum structures In this work, saturable absorbers fabricated with GaN- based quantum structures, comprising...

Sustainability of an energy conversion system in Canada involving large-scale integrated hydrogen production using solid fuels

... Fellow of the Engineering Institute of Canada, the Canadian Academy of Engineering, the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the International ... energy conversion system in Canada involving large-scale integrated hydrogen production using solid fuels International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2010;35:4788-4807 Higman C, van der Burgt M Gasification, ... fuel handling processes Solid fuels arriving at the system require temporary storage, drying, crushing/milling and internal transport mechanisms The handling of solid fuels consumes some energy...

Integration of energy and environmental systems in wastewater treatment plants

... Professor at Missouri University of Science and Technology She received her B.S in Industrial Engineering from North Carolina State University, Master of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering and ... beginning point for the integrated process map Table Goals of energy versus environmental management systems Goals of Energy Management System Optimize energy efficiency Minimize energy waste Increase ... floatation, sludge handling and disposal, and digester heating Wastewater treatment managers are attempting to include more energy intensive treatment processes over time which will allow wastewater facilities...

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