... predication 219
4.5 Adjectives and adverbs 230
4.6 Are adjectives universal? 238
5Lexicalcategoriesandthenatureofthegrammar264
5.1 What has a category? 265
5.2 Categories and the architecture ... functional categories. (1) claims that this property subdivides
the lexical categories too. Those lexical categories that take a specifier are verbs;
those that do not are nouns an...
... problems with
nouns. The first is forming plurals. The second is forming possessives. When you have to
form plural possessives, you are faced with both problems. This lesson provides some ex-
tra ... practice for both.
Plurals of Nouns
Rules for forming plural nouns were given in Lessons 4 (pages 28–34) and 10 (page
63) in Part One. You may wish to review these before trying...
... continue it alone.
continued
REVIEW OF VERBS, NOUNS, AND PRONOUNS 65
Lesson
10
Review of
Verbs, Nouns,
and Pronouns
REVIEW OF VERBS, NOUNS, AND PRONOUNS 61
To learn what part of speech a word is, ask ... home?
3. My friends and I will help you.
4. You have no time to lose.
5. Terry will be there.
they’re
You’re
REVIEW OF VERBS, NOUNS, AND P...
... of lexical categories, 15n., 36,
296–301
Adelaar, Willem, 181
adjectives, 2n., 107
acquired late, 298
and determiners, 111–19, 121–23
and incorporation, 4, 152, 169n.
and measure phrases, 106 n.
and ... 168,
306–07
nouns in, 51, 113–14, 116–17, 278
pleonastic subject agreement in, 27
plurality in, 108
restructuring in, 29n.
verbs versus adjectives in, 88, 249–50, 264
Mo...
... “adjectival” verbs differ from eventive verbs, for which the
pleonastic agreement is normal, as Baker ( 199 6b: 315– 19) shows in detail:
5.3 Why are the lexical categories universal? 299
significance ... assume that
objects are designated by nouns, actions by verbs, and properties by adjectives.
They then jump tothe conclusion thatthereare a few nouns, verbs, and adjective...
... into dis-
tinct lexical categories at a semi-arbitrary number of places. English happens
to divide the space into three categories: nouns, verbs,
and adjectives, as shown
in (86 a). One might, ... being usable as
either nouns or adjectives. )
2 48 Adjectives as neither nouns nor verbs
(100) M-kango ndi w-a u-kulu.
3-lion
PRED 3-ASSOC 3-big
‘The lion is a big.’
These adje...
... functional categories – Preds that make nouns look more verbal,
and pronouns / determiners that make adjectives and verbs look more nominal.
In languages in which both Pred and pronouns are systematically ... inflection, and
adjectives happen to take the same range of number, gender, and case forms as nouns in Greek,
Latin, and Sanskrit. For this reason, the distinction...
... Salish, Wakashan, and Austronesian, the Mundari language of India is often cited
as having no distinction between nouns, verbs, and adjectives (Bhat 1994: ch. 11; Wetzer 19 96;
Stassen 1997). ... fourth lexical
category that completes the space of logicalpossibilitiesdefinedbytheexistence
of nouns, verbs, and adjectives (Schachter [1985]; see the appendix for evidence
that P i...
... or
adjectival.
20
3.4 Nouns in binding and anaphora
My task now is to go on and show how nouns having a criterion of identity and
a referential index can explain differences between nouns and other categories
that ... the inference in (57 c)
should be valid. (58 ) gives schematic representations for the corresponding sen-
tences in (57 ), and (58 c) does follow from the conju...
... see
D´echaine and Tremblay (1996) and section 4. 5 below.
3 Nouns as bearers of a
referential index
3.1 What is special about nouns?
I turn now to consideration of what sets nouns apart from verbs and adjectives.
Using ... meaningful if and only if the blank is filled by a noun. ( 14) shows that any
type of noun can be used in this frame, including singular count nouns, pl...
... attach to nouns and adjectives in a given
language only if they also attach to verbs. This follows from the fact that verbs
are structurally closer to tense than predicative nouns and adjectives ... –cha,
and –chi appears on verbs, nouns, and adjectives (although less productively
on the latter).
18
Such cases blunt the sharpness of almost all morphological
generalizati...
... as that of the v.
2 Verbs as licensers of subjects
2. 1 Introduction
What is the essential property that makes verbs behave differently from nouns
and adjectives in morphology and syntax? This ... different lexical categories, as shown in (35).
2. 2 Initial motivations 33
noun or adjective. They would say that the examples in (24 ) and (25 )donot
contain prototypical us...
... Errors in the use of nouns and verbs: exercise
Each sentence given below contains one or more mistake. The mistakes are in the use of nouns or verbs. Find
out the mistake and rewrite the ... clothes’ refers to the act of dressing. Once the act of
dressing is over, we use the verb ‘to wear’ to express the act of carrying clothes on the body...
... Preposition collocations with nouns and verbs
Prepositions
cause a great deal of confusion. Most ESL students find it ... correct use of prepositions is to look at several examples illustrating usage. In English,
there are a large number of collocations. These are words which are often used together with other words.
Examples ... is the reason of her unhappiness?)
The word rea...