... processing effectively O‟Malley & Chamot (1990) divides language listening strategies into four categories: management strategies, cognitive strategies, social strategies and affective strategies Each ... account of the features of listening teaching and the role of pre -listening stage, it is vital to design and arrange appropriate pre -listening activities in a listening lesson A well-planned pre -listening ... expectations in the material application * Data analysis Once the data have been collected, they are subject to analysis in search of possible findings The findings from the questionnaires and...