... five Mandarinvowels [a], [i](yi), [u](wu), [e], and [o](wo) with four tones: the flat tone (tone 1), the rising tone (tone 2), the falling and rising tone (tone 3), and the falling tone (tone ... Audio, Speech, and Music ProcessingVolume 2009, Article ID 304579, 14 pagesdoi:10.1155/2009/304579 Research Article Pitch- and Formant-Based Order Adaptation of the Fractional Fourier Transform and ... representation of the time-varyingproperties of speech may benefit from using the values of pitch and formants to set the order of the FrFT. Different order adaptation methods based on pitch and formants...