... and the capacity to probe expressionof whole genomes using microarray analysis, together with the ongoing development of fully automated imagingsystems, has laid the foundation to map the genome ... example, the position of the elements on the array mustbe taken into account, as non-random hybridization across the array landscape is often significant: for example, someearly arrays had probes ... aligned in this way, but they do occupy non-random positions. Analysis of human lymphocytes andfibroblasts suggests preferential localization of chromo-somes relative to the center of the nucleus...