... Gram matrix of A, thatis,S= A H A. S is an arrowhead dominant matrix if and only if A is a candidate -hub- dominant matrix. Proof. Suppose A is a candidate -hub- dominant matrix. SinceS= A H A, ... is, S= A H A. S is an arrowhead matrix if and only if A is a candidate -hub matrix. Proof. Suppose A is a candidate -hub matrix. Since S= A H A, the entries of S are s(i, j)= a Hi a jfor ... iables U2 and U4,variableY uses and contributes to variables U3 and U5,andvariableZ uses and contributes to all variables U1, , U6.WesayvariableZ is a hub in thesense that variables involved...