Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: The meaning of acid–base abnormalities in the intensive care unit – epidemiolog" ppt

... controlled for the limitations noted above when evaluating the ability of the SIGto predict mortality. The findings of these two studies areunique in the sense that they are the first reports of SIGpredicting ... (predominatelyalbumin) and phosphates. The total charge of these mustequal the SIDa. The product of all of the measurable anionscontributing to the balancing negative charge is referred to as the ... that of sodium reduces the SID,resulting in a reduction in the alkalinity of blood. The Na+/Cl – ratio has been proposed as a simple way to delineate the contribution of chloride to the degree...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: The meaning of acid–base abnormalities in the intensive care unit – effects of fluid administration" potx

... combination. The singleexception is the addition of weak base (e.g. tris-hydroxymethylaminomethane) [6], which is normally absent from body fluids.ReviewClinical review: The meaning of acid–base abnormalities ... determinant of pH, as well as of otherdependent variables such as [HCO3 – ]. All acid–base interventions, including fluid administration, act through SID,ATOTand PCO2, alone or in combination. ... abnormalities in the intensive care unit – effects of fluid administrationThomas J MorganSenior Specialist, Adult Intensive Care, Mater Misericordiae Hospitals, Brisbane, AustraliaCorresponding author:...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Bedside assessment of alveolar recruitment" doc

... during inspiration, the shape of the airway pressure–time curve indicates the change in compli-ance during inflation. A concave downward shape indicatesthat compliance increases during tidal inflation, ... after the increase of the PEEP level 4 cmH2Oabove the lower inflexion point largely exceed those obtainedafter the recruitment maneuver, suggesting that PEEPremains the main determinant of ... compli-ance of the zero end-expiratory pressure–volume curve. Theseresults show that the lower inflexion point is definitively not a‘magic’ point reflecting the opening pressure of the lung....

Báo cáo khoa học: " Clinical review: Immunomodulatory effects of dopamine in general inflammation" ppsx

... transplant injury [17].To enable a better understanding of the role of dopamine in modulating inflammatory responses, the present reviewsummarizes the possible mechanisms of dopamine’s action(Table ... if they are bound to CREB-bindingprotein only [23]. Therefore, dopamine induced CREBactivation also results in diminished NF-κB dependenttranscription, and hence in an impairment of the inflammatoryresponse. ... 6-Hydroxydopamine increases the level of TNFalpha andbax mRNA in the striatum and induces apoptosis of dopamin-ergic neurons in hemiparkinsonian rats. Brain Res 2004, 23:237-245.67. Ziv I, Offen...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Initial management of blunt pelvic trauma patients with haemodynamic instability" ppt

... arterialbleeding. The anterior part of the pelvic ring can be fixed with anexternal fixation device, by implanting pins in the crest of the coccyx bone, behind the anterior superior iliac spine andabove ... can easily befollowed by the other. Nonetheless, in cases of haemodynamicinstability in the absence of intra-abdominal lesions, the priorityshould be haemostasis of a probable arterial lesion, ... oblique path, in front of the arcuate line. The venous system follows a patternsimilar to that of the arterial system, but in a more posteriorReviewClinical review: Initial management of blunt...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Evaporation and surface conductance of three temperate forests in the Netherlands" pdf

... quantification of the resid-ual, or background evaporation for otherperiods of the year.All forests show a steep increase in transpiration in the spring, although the timing is ... explain the difference in early spring transpirationbetween the stands. The relatively highevaporation rates of the poplar stand in the spring are caused by undergrowth of nettles ... water use of Mar-itime pine (Pinus pinaster) in Southern Franceand red oak (Quercus rubra) in the Nether-lands, in preparation.[25] Ogink-Hendriks M.J., Modelling surface...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Intraoperative frozen section assessment of sentinel lymph nodes in the operative management of women with symptomatic breast cancer" ppt

... 6–2 2). In two patients the sentinel node(s) were the only involvednodes while the other five women (included two of whomhad only micrometastases evident in their sentinel node)had non-sentinel ... node-negativewomen in this series the benefits of minimally invasivedetermination of lymph node status at the expense of seven second procedures. The major undermining factorfor frozen section analysis was in ... It allows immediate decision making regarding the need for ALND in the majority of patients.Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Authors' contributionsRA,...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Specific aspects of acute renal failure in cancer patients" pot

... requiringa decrease in chemotherapy dosage or by contraindicatingpotentially curative treatment. The pathways leading to ARF in cancer patients are common to the development of ARF in otherconditions. ... require renal replacementtherapy during their intensive care unit (ICU) stay [1-5]. The risk for ARF seems higher in CICPs than in other critically illpatients [2,6]. In critically ill patients ... Panel: 2002 update of recommendations for the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy protectants: clinical practiceguidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. JClin Oncol 2002, 20:2895-2903.36....

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in acute brain injury and coma" pot

... differences in severity of brain oedema and in associated hypoxia and herniation,thereby introducing bias into the interpretation of the results.MRS findings vary greatly according to time since TBI. ... evidence of neuronal damage in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (the main nucleus of the basalforebrain) was found in most of the patients who died afterhead injury [82]. The ARAS projects to the ... Normal in the thalamus and in the in the thalamus and in the of hypersignals found basal ganglia basal ganglia previouslyT2 Hypersignals in the cortex, Hypersignals in the cortex, Hypersignals of...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: The implications of experimental and clinical studies of recruitment maneuvers in acute lung injury" pptx

... mechanisms of injury in healthy parts of the lung is unknown. In the present review of the literature we describe the intrinsicmechanisms that explain how MV inflicts alveolar damage and the controversy ... B: tidal insuflation with a PEEP below the lower inflection point after a sustained inflation. Loop C: PEEP higherthan the lower inflection point after a sustained inflation. Sustainedinflation ... expression of many cytokinesinvolved in the pathogenesis of VILI [14]. It is unknownwhether a single stimulus such as RMs applied during MVcan trigger the above-mentioned pathways of lung injury,...

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