Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Reunification of acid–base physiology" pdf

... to assesschanges in acid–base balance (Fig. 1). In fact, each variablecan be derived from a set of master equations and completeReviewClinical review: Reunification of acid–base physiologyJohn ... aware of its essential components. Finally, a detailed review of acomplex yet typical case is used to reinforce these concepts. Acid–base reunification There are three widely used approaches to acid–base physiology ... volume of distribution.Critical Care October 2005 Vol 9 No 5 KellumAbstractRecent advances in acid–base physiology and in the epidemiology of acid–base disorders have refined our understanding of...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Influence of vasoactive and other therapies on intestinal and hepatic circulations in patients with septic shock" ppsx

... ‘motor’ of MOF. Arch Surg 1986, 121:196-208.2. Dantzker DR: The gastrointestinal tract. The canary of thebody? JAMA 1993, 270:1247-1248.3. Lautt WW: Mechanism and role of intrinsic regulation of hepatic ... iscomparing the effects of epinephrine with a combination of afixed dose of dobutamine in addition to norepinephrine.Dopamine alone or versus norepinephrine (Table 1)The infusion of low-dose dopamine ... number of patients included in these studies, no definiteconclusions can be drawn regarding the effects of dopamineon splanchnic blood flow in septic patients.Comparison of the effects of norepinephrine...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 during sepsis" pptx

... elicit transcription of proinflammatorygenes. The role of TREM-1 as an amplifier of the inflammatoryresponse has been confirmed in a mouse model of septicshock in which blockade of TREM-1 signalling ... ventilator-associated pneumonia. The presence of elevated levels of sTREM-1 in BAL fluid was the strongest predictor of 488(LP17) to mimic part of the extracellular domain of TREM-1and examined its action ... bythe engagement of TREM-1. The expression of membrane-boundTREM-1 is greatly increased on monocytes during sepsis.Moreover, infection induces the release of a soluble form of thisreceptor,...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Interpretation of arterial pressure wave in shock states" pptx

... fourth power of thefunctional radius of the systemic network (mainly that of thedistal resistive arteries). Finally, for a given MAP, SVRdepends only on the value of CO, regardless of the way ... correlates of SAP and DAP.Increases in the tone of distal muscular arteries is thelandmark of systolic/diastolic hypertension, with increasedMAP and essentially unchanged PP because of congruentincreases ... this rule of thumb implies that DAPcontributes more to MAP, by a factor of two, than does SAP.From a theoretical point of view, arterial compliance cannotbe quantified by means of a single...

Báo cáo khoa học: " Clinical review: Use of helium-oxygen in critically ill patient" potx

... duration of therapy[42]. The use of He/O2in such circumstances probablyrequires the use of specific devices that can exploit theproperties of He/O2during nebulization. The use of a largevolume ... consumption of a patientbecause of heterogeneity in the conditions of use (spon-taneous or mechanical ventilation), ventilator settings (in thesetting of mechanical ventilation) and duration of use. ... coworkers [32], the daily cost of He/O2use amounted toUS$69 ± 46 in the setting of discontinuous use duringNIPPV. In that study, because of the reduced length of stay of decompensated COPD patients...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Management of difficult airways" pptx

... Page 3 of 5(page number not for citation purposes) of oxygen taken within 60 seconds [32-34]. Comparisons of these different preoxygenation techniques have often beenconflicting, because of the ... years, bodymass index > 26 kg/m2, lack of teeth, presence of beard,history of snoring) were independent risk factors for DMV,and the presence of two of these criteria indicated, at best, aDMV ... solve a difficult airway.Prediction of difficult tracheal intubationOne component of many of these algorithms is the pre-operative assessment and recognition of the difficult airway[5-9]. Prediction...

Báo cáo khoa học: " Clinical review: Update of avian influenza A infections in humans" pdf

... neutralization of the virus by antibodies. ReviewClinical review: Update of avian influenza A infections in humansChristian Sandrock1and Terra Kelly21School of Medicine, University of California, ... [49]. This spread of H5N1 into a wide range of animal and avian species may enhance the spread of the virusinto the human population as it interacts with animals in anumber of ways (increased ... definition of possible avianinfluenza A infection.Any suspected case of avian influenza in a human should beinvestigated by the public health officials in the province orcountry of origin...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Patency of the circuit in continuous renal replacement therapy" pps

... monitoring of heparintherapy. Scientific and Standardization Committee Communi-cations: on behalf of the Control of Anticoagulation Subcom-mittee of the Scientific and Standardization Committee of ... optimization of thecatheter (inner diameter, pattern of flow, and position), the settings of CRRT (partial predilution and individualized control of filtrationfraction), and the training of nurses. ... flow,targeting at a concentration of 3 to 5 mmol/l in the filter [71].Postfilter iCa can be used for fine tuning of the level of anti-coagulation, aiming at a concentration of iCa of less than0.35 mmol/l...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: The implications of experimental and clinical studies of recruitment maneuvers in acute lung injury" pptx

... human ARDS or the degree of reproducibility of short-term experimental studies in patientsreceiving MV for days or weeks [55].ConclusionOn the basis of our review of the literature on experimentaland ... depletion, theeffect of RMs on lung function is less evident.Role of recruitment maneuvers inanesthetized patientsFormation of atelectasis and airway closure are mechanisms of impaired gas exchange ... expression of many cytokinesinvolved in the pathogenesis of VILI [14]. It is unknownwhether a single stimulus such as RMs applied during MVcan trigger the above-mentioned pathways of lung injury,...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Clinical review: Outreach — a strategy for improving the care of the acutely ill hospitalized patient" pps

... heading of ‘outreach’ care.MethodWe focused on identifying research publications that exam-ined ways of improving the integration of critical care withacute care services as a means of improving ... Royal College of Surgeons and Royal College of Anaes-thetists: Commission on the Provision of Surgical Services.Report on the Working Party on Pain after Surgery. London:Royal College of Surgeons ... the number of life-threatening postoperativecomplications [16]. Surgical patients make up 60–70% of the workload of ICUs in the UK [48,49]. It has been sug-gested that the role of acute pain...

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