... in asthma that proliferate, migrate, and contractdue to a variety of cytokines and inflammatory media-tors, especially in asthma airway remodeling.IL-13 is an important Th2 lymphocyte proinflamma-tory ... proliferation and migration or to decrease ASMCcalcium concentration may be beneficial in alleviating air-way hyper-responsiveness.Tachykinins such as substan ce P and ne urokinin A belong to a ... to calcium levels in ASMC. In asthma, inflammatory cellscan re lease cytokines that in turn induce increased cal-cium concentration i n ASMC, airway smooth musclecontraction, and airway hyper-responsiveness....