Báo cáo y học: " Highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus H5N1 NS1 protein induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human alveolar basal epithelial cells" docx
... RESEA R C H Open Access
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus H5N1
NS1 protein induces caspase-dependent
apoptosis in human alveolar basal epithelial cells
Chuanfu Zhang
1,2†
, Yutao Yang
1,4†
, ... S,
Barclay W: Variation in the ability of human influenza A viruses to induce
and inhibit the IFN-beta pathway. Virology 2006, 347:52-64.
29. Kurokawa...
... is highly conserved in all human
influenza A strains. It is therefore an attractive target
for preparation of a universal influenza A va ccine. In
contrast to hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, ... date. Currently available vaccines induce antibodies
against seasonal and closely related antigenic viral
strains, but do not protect against antibody-escape var-
iants of seasonal...
... [1]. A study of
molecular analysis of HAV isolates in Albania has
shown that the unique genotype present in Albania is
genotype IA [13]. In another study in Albania, only gen-
otype I A was characterized ... performed in the last decade in Greece has com-
pared clinical and environmental HAV strains [10].
TheaimofthepresentstudywastocorrelateHAV
isolates from clinical an d env...
... caused both damage and
activation of airway epithelial cells. Damage to epithelial
cells may facilitate the passage of allergens over the
mucosal membrane, whereas an increased release of
cytokines ... Dr. Martin D. Chapman (Indoor Bio-
technologies Ltd, Cardiff, UK). Total protease (using
casein as a substrate), elastase (using N-succinyl-alanyl-
alanyl-prolyl-leucine p-nitro-anilide a...
... stained with a rabbit anti -NS1 polyclonal antibody
and a mouse anti-NPM monoclonal antibody, revealed with a secondary FITC-labelled anti-rabbit antibody and a secondary RhodamineX-labelled
anti-mouse ... with
the human influenza A/ Udorn/72(H3N2) strain (desig-
nated Udorn), the human laboratory adapted influenza
A/ PR/8/34(H1N1) strain (designated PR8), the avian
infl...
... microscopically. The viability was determined
using a cell viability assay for the nasal and throat swabs
as well as for the nasal turbinates (Cell Titer Aqueous
One Reagent, Promega). The lungs were analyzed ... preparation, VY: immunological analysis, SG: clinical
pathology analysis, DN: virus preparation, CBJ: participated in design of study,
review of findings and manuscript prepara...
... drugs are available with antiviral
activity against influenza viruses: the M2 inhibitors
(amantadine and rimantadine), and the neuraminidase
inhibitors (oseltamivir and zanamivir). Some currently
circulating ... antibody-mediated virus neutralization
activity. All operations with H5N1 virus were performed
in a bio-safety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory.
Antiserum
An inactivated influe...
... 2008,
82:4965-4973.
23. Sagara Y, Inoue Y, Shiraki H, Jinno A, Hoshino H, Maeda Y: Identifi-
cation and mapping of functional domains on human T-cell
lymphotropic virus type 1 envelope proteins by using syn-
thetic ... Boublik Y, Battini JL, Sitbon M: Human T-cell
leukemia virus type 1 envelope-mediated syncytium forma-
tion can be activated in resistant Mammalian cell lines by...
... statistical data indica-
ting the quality of the 40 models and the average energy-
minimized structure.
The polypeptide chain of the human/ rat CRH analogue
seems to fold to an almost linear tertiary structure ... are also observed in Leu14–Val18 and
Aib15–Leu19.
All of the above data imply that the His13–Leu19
backbone structure is probably a conformational average
bearing features of...