... approximately in 199 0;
â 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC)
162 Environmental Life Cycle Costing
raw material acquisition to production, use, end-of -life treatment, ... the
environmental aspects and potential impacts throughout a products life cycle from
â 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC)
160 Env...
...
classified
U.S. EPA Design for the Environment Program Version 2.0
Alternatives Assessment Criteria for Hazard Evaluation August 2011
- 41 -
8. Appendix – Alternatives Assessment Criteria Quick ... EPA Design for the Environment Program Version 2.0
Alternatives Assessment Criteria for Hazard Evaluation August 2011
- 42 -
Table A2....
... EPA Design for the Environment Program Version 2.0
Alternatives Assessment Criteria for Hazard Evaluation August 2011
- 1 -
To ensure that the Alternatives Assessment Criteria ... EPA Design for the Environment Program Version 2.0
Alternatives Assessment Criteria for Hazard Evaluation August 2011
- 42 -
Table A2...
... 10 3
4.6 References 10 4
5. Life Cycle Cost Analysis 11 1
5 .1 Cost Analysis and the Life Cycle Approach 11 1
5 .1. 1 From Assessment of Production Costs
to Economic Analysis of Life Cycle 11 3
2722_C000_r02.indd ... xxiii 12 /1/ 2005 11 :23:53 AM12 /1/ 2005 11 :23:53 AM
â 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Table 15 .1 Data on the CFU architecture 420
Tab...
... 5 727 22_ C0 02_ r 02. indd 57 12/ 1 /20 05 11:30 :21 AM 12/ 1 /20 05 11:30 :21 AM
â 20 06 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
35
Part I
Life Cycle Approach
27 22_ C0 02_ r 02. indd 3 527 22_ C0 02_ r 02. indd 35 12/ 1 /20 05 11 :29 :01 ... relation to all these phases, in
accordance with a design intervention based on a life cycle approach, under-
stood as a systemat...
... documentation format
Requirements and a structure
for a data documentation for-
mat, to be used for transparent
and unambiguous documenta-
tion and exchange of LCA and
LCI data
ISO/TR 140 49: 2000
Technical ... Environmental Management Life Cycle Assessment Life Cycle Impact
Assessment, ISO 140 42:2000(E), International Organization for Standardization,
Geneva, 2000.
I...
... part of
the integrated life cycle approach known as Life Cycle Management. Only
when Life Cycle Management assimilates a complete integration of Life
Cycle Cost Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment ... that the idea of appropriately integrating cost
analysis and environmental impact evaluation following the life cycle
approach, which was fi rst debated in th...
... Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, 1992.
Miyakawa, S., Ohashi, T., and Iwata, M., The Hitachi new assemblability evalua-
tion method (AEM), Transactions of the North American Manufacturing Research
Institute ... subproblems, and thus
becomes an approach to the management of the ever-greater complexity of
design (Kusiak and Larson, 1995). Furthermore, the study of individual
des...
... introduced.
8. 2 Environmental Strategies for the Life Cycle Approach
Design strategies play an essential role in the life cycle approach. They allow
the environmental requisites demanded of the product ... preliminary phase of
problem specifi cation, together with all the other product requisites, the
application of the product- oriented approach, abo...
... Serviceability
(DFS) (Makino et al., 198 9; Gershenson and Ishii, 199 3; Subramani and
Dewhurst, 199 3) and Design for Maintainability (Klement, 199 3; Kusiak
and Lee, 199 7). These approaches to the problem ... They belong to the general
area of Design for Product Retirement/Recovery (Ishii et al., 199 4; Navin-
Chandra, 199 4; Kriwet et al., 199 5; Zhang et al., 199 7; Gun...
... phenomenological approach,
the latter on an analytical treatment.
10. 3.2.1 Phenomenological Approach
The phenomenological approach is based on three main concepts:
ã Damages produced at different loading ... It is clear that knowledge of phenomena relating design parameters to varia-
tions in the characteristics of materials over time is an important factor in a
design...
... evaluation of the determinant factors for each strat-
egy. A quantitative evaluation approach may be formulated (Giudice et al.,
2002), based on the mathematical model summarized as follows.
Have C
... product that provides for relatively easy separation of its parts or compo-
nents can facilitate product maintenance, repair, and updating, and the separa-
tion of compone...
... parameters, and the corre-
some results of the stress and thermal analyses on the disk. These FEM anal-
yses were calibrated on the basis of experimental data available in the litera-
ture (Bassignana ... manufacturability of
materials, and environmental impacts of all the phases of the life cycle.
In accordance with the Life Cycle Design approach, this chapter...
... fact, it can be used as a tool for the
simulation and optimization of a system, for design specifi cally aimed at
favoring the end-of -life phase of a new product, or in a more attentive design ... interventions) and the
end-of -life phase (favoring the recycling of materials and the reuse of compo-
nents). After an overview of the main issues and current appr...
...
by BCI for each behavior on varying the design parameters allows an analy-
sis of the criticality of the system under examination.
16. 3.3 Analysis of Life Cycle Strategies
The values assumed ... under examination to take
place (initial state) and fi nal conditions reached after the function has taken
place (fi nal state), and of the performance characteristics regul...