Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 12 (end) pps

... Raoufi, and H. Sharghi. 2000. Solid phase extraction and determination of lead in soil and water samples using octadecyl silicamembrane disks modified by bis[1-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-2-methyl]sul-fide ... and 2,4-dibromophenol (2,4-DBP) are thetarget determinants, and 2,4-dibromophenol is used as an internal standard. Soil samples are sieved through a 2 mm sieve and stored at 4C. A 5 g soil subsample ... degradation ofdiesel fuel in water and soil monitored with solid-phase micro-extraction and GC-MS. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 50 :129 –134.Fisher, J.A., M.J. Scarlett, and A.D. Stott. 1997. Accelerated...

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 1 ppt

... U.S.A.tel: 21 2-6 9 6-9 000; fax: 21 2-6 8 5-4 540Distribution and Customer ServiceMarcel Dekker, Inc., Cimarron Road, Monticello, New York 127 01, U.S.A.tel: 80 0-2 2 8-1 160; fax: 84 5-7 9 6-1 772Eastern ... Metabolism and Action, edited by M. Daniel and R. P. Purkayastha Soil- Water Interactions: Mechanisms and Applications, Second Edition, Re- vised and Expanded, Shingo Iwata, Toshio Tabuchi, and Benno ... Jean-Marc Bollag and G. Stotzky Soil Biochemistry, Volume 7, edited by G. Stotzky and Jean-Ma~rc Bollag Soil Biochemistry, Volume 8, edited by Jean-Marc Bollag and G. Stotzky Soil...

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 2 docx

... between 512 Â 512 and 4096 Â4096. There are several diﬀerent types of such so-called charge-transfer devices (CTD), including charge-coupled (CCD), segmentedcharge-coupled (SCD), and charge-injection ... optimization criteriaare signal-to-background ratio and signal-to-noise ratio. In most instances,however, ICP-AES is used as a multielement tool, and therefore compro-mise operating conditions, ... mass-to-charge ratio. For example, if Cu and Pb are to beFigure 10 Schematic diagram of an ICP-MS instrument. (Reproduced withpermission from Sharp, B., in Soil Analysis Modern Instrumental Techniques, ...

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 3 pps

... a working range of pH 1–13, and that is a great dealtougher than any glass electrode. Mettler-Toledo and Thermo-Russellmarket ISFET pH electrodes for demanding environmental applications,but ... solid-state 5Â10À5to 1 Potassium plastic 10À6to 1Copper solid-state 10À8to 0.1 Sulﬁde solid-state 10À7to 1Cyanide solid-state 8 Â10À6to 10À2Sodium glass 10À6to 1Fluoridesolid-statecrystal ... A., Moody, G.J. and Thomas, J.D.R., 1974. PVC matrix membrane ion-selective electrodes. J. Chem. Ed. 51:541–544.Cresser, M.S., Killham, K. and Edwards, T. 1993. Soil Chemistry and ItsApplications....

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 5 pptx

... R-PDAH2þPADH2þ2þ2ClÀ,,R-HCO3þNaHCO3R-PDAH2þPDAH2þ2þ2C1ÀSample R-HCO3þMA! R-H þMA!R-H þMA R-PDAH2þMA þ2C1À!R-A þMHCO3R-M þPDAH2þ2þ2C1ÀþAR-A þNaHCO3! R-M þHCl!R-H þMC1 R-M þPDAH2þ2þ2C1À!R-HCO3þNaA R-PDAH2þMC12Suppressor ... R-PDAH2þMC12Suppressor columnEluent R-H þMHCO3! R-OH þHCl!R-Cl þH2O 2R-OH þPDAH2þ2þ2C1À!R-M þH2CO32R-C1 þPDA þ2H2OSample R-H þNaA!R-Na þHAR-OH þMCl!R-C1 þMOH 2R-OH þMC12!R-C1 þM(OH)2aM ¼Na, ... precolumn (AG-3, 3 Â50 mm) and aseparator column (AS-3, 3 Â250 mm), both packed with a low-capacityanion-exchange resin, and a suppressor column (9 Â100 mm) packed with ahigh-capacity cation-exchange...

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 6 potx

... Proc.34:608–610.Tabatabai, M.A. and J. M. Bremner. 1991. Automated instruments for determina-tion of total carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in soils by combustion techniques. In: Soil Analysis: Modern Instrumental ... changes in soil N and P duringslash -and- burn clearing of a Mexican dry tropical forest. They measuredtotal N in the ash and total C and N in the topsoil using a Leco 1000 CHNanalyzer (and P with ... 11:295–311.McGeehan, S.L. and D.V. Naylor. 1988. Automated instrumental analysis of carbon and nitrogen in plant and soil samples. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal.19:493–505.Merry, R.H. and L.R. Spouncer....

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 7 pptx

... smalldiameter (sub-mm for the latest third-generation synchrotrons), it can beused as an ‘‘x-ray fluorescence’’ microprobe. Furthermore, x-ray fluores-cence measurements can be combined wi th x-ray absorption ... thermal degradation and mechanicalfailure, the window must be made sufficiently thick (perhaps 200–300 mm) and, in consequence, the low-energy x-ray output of the tube is attenuated and the potential ... of the fluorescence x-ray, and the density of the soil. The criticalpenetration depth is normally defined as the depth from which 99% of theTable 5 WD-XRF Analysis of Igneous and Sedimentary Rocks...

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 8 ppsx

... 4,40(50)-bis-t-butyl-cyclohexano-18-crown-6, a highly selective complexant for Sr2þ, immobilizedon an inert support. The column is washed with 12 column volumes of 8 MHNO3, which removes Ca and ... the development of ICP-MS, and there are a number of NAA methods for long-lived radionuclides,principally 129 I (Muramatsu and Yoshida, 1995; Parry et al., 1995),232Th and 238U (Edgington, ... toconduction bands, creating vacancies (‘‘holes’’) in the valence band. Underthe inﬂuence of the applied voltage, the electrons in the conduction band and the holes in the valence band migrate...

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 9 docx

... (including soil extracts) for15N determination. NO3is converted to 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (Sudan-1), and the product is concentrated by reverse-phase chromatography beforeCF-IRMS. The ... C., and McDonnell, J.J., eds.). Elsevier,Amsterdam, pp. 87–118.Johnston, A.M., Scrimgeour, C.M., Henry, M.O., and Handley, L.L. 1999. Isolationof NO3-N as 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (Sudan-1) ... 0.0155718O/16O Vienna Standard mean Ocean Water(V-SMOW)0.00200520 0.20 012 18O/16O Vienna PeeDee Belemnite (V-PDB) 0.0020671 0.2062813C/ 12 C Vienna PeeDee Belemnite (V-PDB) 0.0 1123 72 1.1 1123 15N/14N...

Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 10 docx

... frequency and sampling times on chamber-based measurements of N2O emissions fromfertilized soils. Glob . Change Biol. 7: 933–945.Smith, K.A. and C.E. Mullins, eds. 2000. Soil and Environmental Analysis: ... Average emissionsfrom forest soils were 15 mgN2O-N mÀ2hÀ1, which increased to 27 mgN2O-N mÀ2hÀ1after clearing, and gave short-term peaks averaging 123 mgN2O-N mÀ2hÀ1after burning.NO ... effect.’’Emissions of methane from natural wetlands, rice fields, and landfills, and ofnitrous oxide from fertilized agricultural soils and the soils of tropicalrainforests, add to global warming....

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