... 10
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
Introgression potential between safflower
(Carthamus tinctorius) and wild relatives of the
genus Carthamus
Marion Mayerhofer
1
, Reinhold Mayerhofer
1
, Deborah Topinka
2
, ... number of its wild relatives, creating the possibility of gene flow from safflower to weedy species. In this
study we looked at the introgression...
... models of the ligands to the
receptor were constructed by docking the ligands into the
LBP of PPARc–LBD employing the flexible docking
program
FLEXX
[30]. During the docking simulations,
standard ... [5]. The ligand-binding pocket (LBP) of
the receptor was defined as the collection of the amino acids
enclosed within a sphere of 6.5 A
˚
radius around the bound
lig...
...
There
were
5
replicate
vials
for
each
of
the
135
different
tests.
The
handling
of
such
a
great
volume
of
flies
obliged
us
to
limit
the
number
of isofemale
lines
of ... h1 2" alt =""
... contributions
ERB, YG, JW, MC, and LR participated in the design of the
study and drafted the manuscript. ERB, YG, and JW per-
formed the experiments. All authors have read and
approved the final manuscript.
Acknowledgements
We ... for
both the H5N2 trypsin-treated virus and the H5N1 virus
were highly comparable in the nearly twenty cell types
tested.
To further ch...
... protons. The charge imbal-
ance that results from the generation of an electro-
chemical gradient across the IM forms the basis of the
IM w
m
. During cell death, MP often increases, allow-
ing for the ... 5).
Discussion
Mitochondria are the energy producers of the cell, and
are essential for the maintenance of cell life. However,
in the last 10 years, it has als...
... from granules of leukocytes and are implicated in
inflammatory and fibrotic lung diseases. In the present study, the effects of
a-defensins on the proliferation and collagen synthesis of lung fibroblasts
were ... mixture of HNP, predominantly con-
sisting of a-defensins-1 and -2, induced activation of
the p38 MAP kinase and PI3K ⁄ Akt pathways in
human monocytes (U9...
... cotyledons and in the central cylinder of the root, but not in the lower parts of the hypocotyl (a). Rosette leaves were
stained in the vascular tissue of the leaf blade, whereas the petiole and older ... vascu-
lar tissue of cotyledons and mature leaves, whereas, in
the flowers, the anthers, connectives and filaments and
the base and tip of the stigm...
... log-probability
threshold: the maximum tolerable difference be-
tween the log-probability score of the top-most hy-
pothesis and the bottom-most hypothesis at any
given state of the stack.
EM update: Once we have the ... w
k
be the
word k-prefix of the sentence – the words from the
beginning of the sentence up to the current position
k and W
k
T
k
the word...
... perspectives for the
understanding of modulation of metabolism by the
substrate, particularly the increase in production of
phosphorylated species with the degree of polymeriza-
tion of the b(1,4) ... but the absence of detect-
able cellodextrins in the medium, regardless of the type
of carbon source, suggests that these compounds are
used internally rather tha...
... in
exploring the regulatory behavior of this enzyme. To
avoid misinterpretation of the results, the composition
and stoichiometry of the bound cofactor(s) and the
stability of the dimeric structure of ... efficien-
cies. The nonidentical nature of the Michaelis–Menten
relationships of inhibitor-free and native epimerase is
an indication of the regulatory...